Functionalization of Zeolite NaP1 for Simultaneous Acid Red 18 and Cu(II) Removal
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
Materials
3. Results
3.1. Chemical Characterization of the Materials
3.2. pH Effect
- Protonation (−NH3+) amino groups of chitosan (−NH2) under acidic conditions (Equation (13))NaP1CS + H+ ⇄ NaP1CS H+–
- Simultaneously dissociation of dye molecule (D–SO3−), as shown in Equation (14):D–SO3Na ⇄ D–SO3− + Na+
- The electrostatic interactions between NaP1CS H+ and D–SO3− (Equation (15))NaP1CS H+ + D–SO3− ⇄ NaP1CS H+ + O3S–D
3.3. Effect of Initial Concentration
3.4. Kinetic Effect
3.5. Adsorption Isotherms
3.6. Effect of Temperature
3.7. Interfering Ions Effect
3.8. Desorption Process
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Value |
---|---|
Molecular formula | C20H11N2Na3O10S3 |
Molecular weight, g/mol | 604.5 |
COD of 1 g AR18, mg/L | 597 ± 17 |
max, nm | 507 |
Chemical structure |
Parameter | NaP1 | NaP1CS | NaP1H |
---|---|---|---|
SBET (m2/g) | 94 | 53 | 29 |
Vmic a (cm3/g) | 0.005 | 0.004 | 0.003 |
Smic a (m2/g) | 16.0 | 10.7 | 8.34 |
Vtot b (cm3/g) | 0.28 | 0.13 | 0.11 |
Dav c (Å) | 109.1 | 111.7 | 65.4 |
Adsorbent | Adsorbate | C0 (mg/L) | qe, exp, (mg/g) | Kinetic Model | Kinetic Parameters | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pseudo first order | qmax (mg/g) | k1 (h−1) | R2 | ||||
NaP1 | AR18 | 50 100 | 2.18 5.30 | 3.96 2.73 | 0.025 0.023 | 0.75 0.96 | |
Cu(II) | 50 100 | 9.91 19.60 | 18.85 2.23 | 0.005 0.035 | 0.80 0.94 | ||
NaP1CS | AR18 | 50 100 | 9.94 19.83 | 1.78 1.84 | 0.012 0.022 | 0.87 0.73 | |
Cu(II) | 50 100 | 9.98 19.30 | 99.43 4.05 | 0.023 0.043 | 0.58 0.98 | ||
pseudo second order | qmax (mg/g) | k2 (g/mg h) | R2 | ||||
NaP1 | AR18 | 50 100 | 2.18 5.30 | 2.18 5.39 | 0.630 0.029 | 1.00 0.99 | |
Cu(II) | 50 100 | 9.91 19.60 | 9.91 19.61 | 1.371 0.406 | 1.00 1.00 | ||
NaP1CS | AR18 | 50 100 | 9.94 19.83 | 9.93 19.84 | 0.173 0.029 | 0.99 1.00 | |
Cu(II) | 50 100 | 9.98 19.30 | 9.98 19.39 | 16.632 0.045 | 1.00 0.99 | ||
intra-particle diffusion | ki (mg/g·min0.5) | C (mg/g) | R2 | ||||
NaP1 | AR18 | 50 100 | 2.18 5.30 | 0.243 0.276 | 1.35 2.45 | 0.97 0.90 | |
Cu(II) | 50 100 | 9.91 19.60 | 0.003 0.265 | 9.85 18.71 | 0.81 0.99 | ||
NaP1CS | AR18 | 50 100 | 9.94 19.83 | 0.111 0.425 | 9.13 18.27 | 0.90 0.99 | |
Cu(II) | 50 100 | 9.98 19.30 | 0.028 1.011 | 9.91 14.11 | 0.99 0.97 |
Adsorbate | Isotherm | T (K) | Parameters | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AR18 | Langmuir | qm (mg/g) | KL (L/mg) | R2 | RL | |
293 | 74.61 | 0.390 | 0.98 | 0.093 | ||
Cu(II) | 36.04 | 0.051 | 0.98 | 0.440 | ||
AR18 | 313 | 81.33 | 0.355 | 0.98 | 0.101 | |
Cu(II) | 39.47 | 0.090 | 0.97 | 0.307 | ||
AR18 | 333 | 123.63 | 0.189 | 0.87 | 0.175 | |
Cu(II) | 46.22 | 0.169 | 0.98 | 0.192 | ||
AR18 | Freundlich | Kf (mg/g) | n | R2 | ||
293 | 16.43 | 2.48 | 0.53 | |||
Cu(II) | 7.67 | 3.57 | 0.98 | |||
AR18 | 313 | 18.41 | 1.96 | 0.88 | ||
Cu(II) | 9.48 | 3.67 | 0.96 | |||
AR18 | 333 | 18.38 | 1.38 | 0.97 | ||
Cu(II) | 15.16 | 4.59 | 0.80 | |||
AR18 | Dubinin-Radushkevich | qs (mg/g) | B (mol2/kJ2) | R2 | E (kJ/mol) | |
293 | 0.003 | 0.0033 | 0.52 | 12.344 | ||
Cu(II) | 1200.354 | 0.0025 | 0.98 | 14.031 | ||
AR18 | 313 | 0.007 | 0.0041 | 0.91 | 11.024 | |
Cu(II) | 1056.565 | 0.0024 | 0.97 | 14.469 | ||
AR18 | 333 | 0.017 | 0.0054 | 0.97 | 9.659 | |
Cu(II) | 1008.093 | 0.0018 | 0.80 | 16.789 |
Adsorbent | Adsorbate | ΔH° (kJ/mol) | ΔS° (J/mol K) | ΔG° (kJ/mol) | ||
293 K | 313 K | 333 K | ||||
NaP1CS | AR18 | 29.84 | 106.3 | −18.37 | −20.88 | −24.99 |
Cu(II) | 12.49 | 26.4 | −2.15 | −13.57 | −5.53 |
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Bień, T.; Kołodyńska, D.; Franus, W. Functionalization of Zeolite NaP1 for Simultaneous Acid Red 18 and Cu(II) Removal. Materials 2021, 14, 7817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14247817
Bień T, Kołodyńska D, Franus W. Functionalization of Zeolite NaP1 for Simultaneous Acid Red 18 and Cu(II) Removal. Materials. 2021; 14(24):7817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14247817
Chicago/Turabian StyleBień, Tomasz, Dorota Kołodyńska, and Wojciech Franus. 2021. "Functionalization of Zeolite NaP1 for Simultaneous Acid Red 18 and Cu(II) Removal" Materials 14, no. 24: 7817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14247817