Comparison of Early-Stage Mothers and Childless Women Seeking Pregnancy: Experienced Stress, Resilience and Satisfaction with Relationship with the Partner
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Method
2.1. Aim of the Research Project
- stress
- resilience
- the quality of the relationship (as determined by the perceived level of support, the depth of the relationship and conflict)
- sexual satisfaction
2.2. Measurements
2.3. Procedure and Data Collection
2.4. Data Analyses
3. Results
- childless women seeking pregnancy were characterized by a higher level of perceived stress (av. of 23.63) than women with children (20.05; t = 2.721; p = 0.008)
- infertile women displayed lower level of conflict (av. of 18.28) than women who were mothers (exhibiting a higher level of conflict; av. of 21.93; t = −2.829; p = 0.006)
- a higher level of depth of relationship and commitment was characteristic of women without children (av. of 21.40) in comparison with mothers (av. of 20.03; t = 2.376; p = 0.020). The obtained results are shown in Table 4.
4. Discussion
5. Limitations
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Mothers % | Infertile Women % |
---|---|---|
Education | ||
Primary education | 0 | 0 |
Secondary education | 22.5 | 20 |
Higher education | 77.5 | 80 |
Place of Residence | ||
Small village | 7.5 | 10 |
City under 100,000 inhabitants | 17.5 | 15 |
City between 100,000 and 500,000 inhabitants | 52.5 | 47.5 |
City over 500,000 inhabitants | 22.5 | 27.5 |
Form of Relationship | ||
Married | 90 | 87.5 |
Engaged | 7.5 | 10 |
Cohabitation | 2.5 | 2.5 |
Variable | Descriptive Statistics: Infertile Women | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Average | Minimum | Maximum | SD | |
Sexual satisfaction | 40 | 30.63 | 15.00 | 40.00 | 5.91 |
Perceived stress | 40 | 23.63 | 15.00 | 33.00 | 4.56 |
Personal attributes | 40 | 21.93 | 10.00 | 28.00 | 3.31 |
Family | 40 | 23.45 | 6.00 | 28.00 | 5.71 |
Friends | 40 | 19.33 | 4.00 | 28.00 | 5.91 |
Total resilience | 40 | 64.70 | 21.00 | 83.00 | 12.78 |
Perceived support | 40 | 24.58 | 13.00 | 28.00 | 3.32 |
Conflict | 40 | 18.28 | 9.00 | 30.00 | 4.93 |
Depth of relationship | 40 | 21.40 | 13.00 | 24.00 | 2.13 |
Variable | Descriptive Statistics: Mothers | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Average | Minimum | Maximum | SD | |
Sexual satisfaction | 40 | 31.60 | 10.00 | 40.00 | 6.77 |
Perceived stress | 40 | 20.05 | 4.00 | 36.00 | 6.95 |
Personal attributes | 40 | 21.50 | 10.00 | 28.00 | 4.25 |
Family | 40 | 23.96 | 6.00 | 28.00 | 4.99 |
Friends | 40 | 19.50 | 4.00 | 28.00 | 5.91 |
Total resilience | 40 | 64.98 | 37.00 | 83.00 | 11.96 |
Perceived support | 40 | 23.83 | 7.00 | 28.00 | 4.17 |
Conflict | 40 | 21.93 | 10.00 | 40.00 | 6.51 |
Depth of relationship | 40 | 20.03 | 11.00 | 24.00 | 2.97 |
Variable | Comparison of Infertile Women and Mothers | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infertile Women (0) | Mothers (1) | T | p | N (0) | N (1) | SD (0) | SD (1) | |
Sexual satisfaction | 30.63 | 31.60 | −0.682 | 0.495 | 40 | 40 | 5.91 | 6.77 |
Perceived stress | 23.63 | 20.05 | 2.721 | 0.008 | 40 | 40 | 4.56 | 6.95 |
Personal attributes | 21.93 | 21.50 | 0.499 | 0.619 | 40 | 40 | 3.31 | 4.25 |
Family | 23.45 | 23.98 | −0.438 | 0.663 | 40 | 40 | 5.71 | 5.00 |
Friends | 19.33 | 19.50 | −0.132 | 0.895 | 40 | 40 | 5.91 | 5.91 |
Total resilience | 64.70 | 64.98 | −0.099 | 0.921 | 40 | 40 | 12.77 | 11.96 |
Perceived support | 24.58 | 23.88 | 0.889 | 0.377 | 40 | 40 | 3.32 | 4.17 |
Conflict | 18.28 | 21.93 | −2.829 | 0.006 | 40 | 40 | 4.93 | 6.51 |
Depth of relationship | 21.40 | 20.03 | 2.376 | 0.020 | 40 | 40 | 2.13 | 2.97 |
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Malina, A.; Suwalska-Barancewicz, D. Comparison of Early-Stage Mothers and Childless Women Seeking Pregnancy: Experienced Stress, Resilience and Satisfaction with Relationship with the Partner. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 2543. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052543
Malina A, Suwalska-Barancewicz D. Comparison of Early-Stage Mothers and Childless Women Seeking Pregnancy: Experienced Stress, Resilience and Satisfaction with Relationship with the Partner. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(5):2543. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052543
Chicago/Turabian StyleMalina, Alicja, and Dorota Suwalska-Barancewicz. 2021. "Comparison of Early-Stage Mothers and Childless Women Seeking Pregnancy: Experienced Stress, Resilience and Satisfaction with Relationship with the Partner" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5: 2543. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052543