Body Dissatisfaction and Its Association with Health-Related Factors in Rural and Urban Mexican Adolescents from the State of Jalisco
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Sample
2.2. Measures
2.2.1. Body Dissatisfaction
2.2.2. Body Composition
2.2.3. Physical Activity
2.2.4. Physical Fitness
2.3. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Differences between Body Dissatisfaction Groups
3.2. Association between BD and Body Composition
3.3. Association between BD, Physical Function, and Physical Activity
4. Discussion
4.1. Place of Residence
4.2. Sex and Body Composition
4.3. Physical Activity
4.4. Physical Fitness
4.5. Strengths and Limitations
5. Conclusions and Practical Applications
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Total (n = 451) | Boys (n = 197) | Girls (n = 254) | |
---|---|---|---|
Answer sometimes or always true | |||
I think my bottom is too fat | 14.9% | 13.2% | 16.1% * |
I think my stomach is too fat | 41.9% | 33.5% | 48.4% * |
I think my thighs are too fat | 32.6% | 31.5% | 33.5% * |
I think my hips are too wide | 27.1% | 23.4% | 29.9% |
I am content with my figure 1 | 40.1% | 31.5% | 46.9% * |
Score body dissatisfaction | 10.77 ± 2.29 | 10.33 ± 2.73 | 11.12 ± 3.13 § |
Rural (n = 198) | 10.60 ± 2.91 | 10.21 ± 2.81 | 10.83 ± 2.96 |
Urban (n = 253) | 10.91 ± 3.04 | 10.40 ± 2.70 | 11.40 ± 3.27 § |
Total | Boys | Girls | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dissatisfaction | Satisfaction | Dissatisfaction | Satisfaction | Dissatisfaction | Satisfaction | |||||||
n | Mean ± SD | n | Mean ± SD | n | Mean ± SD | n | Mean ± SD | n | Mean ± SD | n | Mean ± SD | |
Body Composition | ||||||||||||
BMI | 115 | 25.36 ± 4.88 | 329 | 20.97 ± 3.59 ** | 42 | 24.99 ± 5.57 | 150 | 21.08 ± 3.78 ** | 73 | 25.57 ± 4.47 | 179 | 20.88 ± 3.42 ** |
Fat Mass (%) | 114 | 32.88 ± 9.24 | 327 | 24.43 ± 9.56 ** | 42 | 26.18 ± 8.18 | 148 | 18.12 ± 7.93 ** | 72 | 36.79 ± 7.42 | 179 | 29.64 ± 7.41 ** |
SMM (%) | 114 | 36.77 ± 5.12 | 327 | 41.25 ± 5.62 ** | 42 | 40.93 ± 4.19 | 148 | 45.42 ± 4.42 ** | 72 | 34.34 ± 3.91 | 179 | 37.8 ± 3.9 ** |
Physical Fitness | ||||||||||||
Self-perceived PF | 116 | 2.89 ± 0.91 | 334 | 3.5 ± 0.88 ** | 43 | 3.09 ± 0.97 | 153 | 3.7 ± 0.89 ** | 73 | 2.77 ± 0.86 | 181 | 3.34 ± 0.84 ** |
PF | 93 | -1.02 ± 2.63 | 280 | 0.32 ± 3.19 ** | 33 | 1.44 ± 2.3 | 129 | 2.85 ± 2.6 * | 60 | −2.38 ± 1.63 | 151 | −1.84 ± 1.7 * |
Handgrip (kg) 1 | 93 | 35.25 ± 6.26 | 286 | 37.41 ± 6.7 | 33 | 39.12 ± 6.99 | 131 | 41.22 ± 6.98 | 60 | 33.12 ± 4.65 | 155 | 34.19 ± 4.39 |
CMJ (cm) | 109 | 19.2 ± 5.13 | 312 | 22.33 ± 6.19 ** | 40 | 22.52 ± 5.11 | 148 | 25.68 ± 6.27 * | 69 | 17.28 ± 4.08 | 164 | 19.31 ± 4.28 * |
4 × 10 m SRT (s) | 109 | 13.46 ± 1.63 | 310 | 12.88 ± 1.57 ** | 40 | 12.34 ± 1.57 | 147 | 11.82 ± 1.14 | 69 | 14.11 ± 1.27 | 163 | 13.84 ± 1.27 |
VO2max (mL/kg/min) | 108 | 27.3 ± 7.23 | 312 | 27.71 ± 8.07 * | 40 | 31.79 ± 8.48 | 148 | 32.6 ± 7.96 | 68 | 24.66 ± 4.74 | 164 | 23.29 ± 5.06 |
Physical Activity | ||||||||||||
MVPA (min/wk) | 77 | 510.01 ± 457.55 | 250 | 568.34 ± 470.71 | 27 | 484.78 ± 439.94 | 112 | 656.26 ± 490.64 | 50 | 523.64 ± 470.6 | 138 | 496.99 ± 442.96 |
Models | Models Adjusted & | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | β (IC95%) | R2 | f2 | n | β (IC95%) | R2 | f2 | |
Body Composition | ||||||||
BMI | 444 | 0.36 (0.30, 0.41) ** | 0.28 | 0.38 | 442 | 0.36 (0.31, 0.42) ** | 0.30 | 0.43 |
Fat Mass (%) | 441 | 0.15 (0.12, 0.17) ** | 0.24 | 0.32 | 439 | 0.19 (0.16, 0.21) ** | 0.28 | 0.38 |
SMM (%) | 441 | −0.24 (−0.28, −0.19) ** | 0.21 | 0.27 | 439 | −0.33 (−0.39, −0,27) ** | 0.26 | 0.36 |
Physical Fitness | ||||||||
Self-perceived PF | 450 | −1.19 (−1.47, −0.92) ** | 0.14 | 0.16 | 448 | −1.16 (−1.45, −0.87) ** | 0.15 | 0.18 |
PF | 373 | −0.23 (−0.33, −0.13) ** | 0.06 | 0.06 | 372 | −0.27 (−0.41, −0.13) ** | 0.07 | 0.08 |
Handgrip (kg) 1 | 420 | −0.01 (−0.05, 0.02) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 418 | 0.02 (−0.02, 0.07) * | 0.04 | 0.04 |
CMJ (cm) | 421 | −0.14 (−0.18, −0.09) ** | 0.08 | 0.08 | 419 | −0.14 (−0.19, −0.09) ** | 0.10 | 0.10 |
4 × 10 m SRT (s) | 419 | 0.38 (0.21, 0.56) ** | 0.04 | 0.04 | 417 | 0.35 (0.13, 0.58) ** | 0.06 | 0.06 |
VO2max (mL/kg/min) | 379 | −0.09 (−0.14, −0.05) ** | 0.04 | 0.04 | 378 | −0.08 (−1.13, −0.03) ** | 0.06 | 0.06 |
Physical Activity | ||||||||
MVPA (min/wk) | 327 | −0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | 0.01 | 0.01 | 325 | 0.00 (−0.00, 0.00) * | 0.05 | 0.05 |
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Rivera-Ochoa, M.; Arroyo-Bello, M.; Mañas, A.; Quesada-González, C.; Vizmanos-Lamotte, B.; González-Gross, M.; Guadalupe-Grau, A. Body Dissatisfaction and Its Association with Health-Related Factors in Rural and Urban Mexican Adolescents from the State of Jalisco. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 12215. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182212215
Rivera-Ochoa M, Arroyo-Bello M, Mañas A, Quesada-González C, Vizmanos-Lamotte B, González-Gross M, Guadalupe-Grau A. Body Dissatisfaction and Its Association with Health-Related Factors in Rural and Urban Mexican Adolescents from the State of Jalisco. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(22):12215. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182212215
Chicago/Turabian StyleRivera-Ochoa, María, Marta Arroyo-Bello, Asier Mañas, Carlos Quesada-González, Barbara Vizmanos-Lamotte, Marcela González-Gross, and Amelia Guadalupe-Grau. 2021. "Body Dissatisfaction and Its Association with Health-Related Factors in Rural and Urban Mexican Adolescents from the State of Jalisco" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22: 12215. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182212215