The Effect of a Structured Individualized Educational Intervention on Breastfeeding Rates in Greek Women
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Hypothyroidism and Breastfeeding
1.2. Interventions to Support Breastfeeding
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Inclusion & Exclusion Criteria
2.3. Intervention
2.4. Data Collection
2.4.1. Socio-Demographic Data Questionnaire
2.4.2. Characteristics under Examination
2.4.3. Ethical Issues
2.4.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Description Sample
3.2. Indicators and Duration of Breastfeeding
Midwifery Structured Intervention in Low & High-Risk Populations
3.3. Relation of Variables for Duration of Breastfeeding
4. Discussion
Breastfeeding in Endocrine Disorders in Pregnancy
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Midwifery Intervention | Type |
---|---|
| Structured midwifery education-support |
| Structured midwifery education and support |
| Midwifery Telephone support and counselling |
Characteristics | Values |
---|---|
Age (mean ± SD) | 32.4 ± 13.2 |
Marital status | |
Married | 177 (88.5%) |
Divorced | 3 (1.5%) |
Single | 20 (10.0% |
Living place | |
Village/small town | 81 (40.5%) |
City with population <150,000 | 52 (26.0%) |
City with population >150,000 | 67(33.5%) |
Education level | |
High school | 89 (44.7%) |
Higher education | 73 (36.7%) |
Master of Science | 12 (6.0%) |
Employment | |
Private employees | 53 (26.5%) |
Civil servants | 17 (8.5%) |
Self-employed | 36 (18%) |
Domestically employed | 33 (16.5%) |
Unemployed | 58 (29%) |
Nationality | |
Greek | 174 (87%) |
Other | 26 (13%) [Albanian: 13 (6.5%)] |
Has other children | 88 (44%) |
Number of other children | |
1 | 74 (37%) |
2 | 0 (0%) |
≥3 | 14 (7%) |
Religion | |
Christian orthodox | 184 (92%) |
Muslim | 12 (6%) |
Other | 4 (2%) |
Breastfeeding of other children | 69 (34.5%) |
Duration | BF at 4 Months | BF at 6 Months | BF for 1 Year | BF for 2 Years | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group/Midwifery Intervention | No BF | 3 Weeks | 4 Months | 6 Months | No BF | Exclusive | Any Type of BF | No BF | Exclusive | Any Type of BF | Complementary Feeding | ||
High Risk/Intervention | 0 (0%) | 13 (26%) | 10 (20%) | 27 (54%) | 0 (0%) | 25 (50%) | 25 (50%) | 23 (46%) | 16 (32%) | 5 (10%) | 6 (12%) | 16 (32%) | 9 (18%) |
High Risk/No-Intervention | 4 (8%) | 26 (52%) | 6 (12%) | 14 (28%) | 4 (8%) | 13 (26%) | 33 (66%) | 34 (68%) | 6 (12%) | 2 (4%) | 8 (16%) | 9 (18%) | 4 (8%) |
Low Risk/Intervention | 1 (2%) | 12 (24%) | 11 (22%) | 26 (52%) | 1 (2%) | 23 (46%) | 26 (52%) | 24 (48%) | 19 (38%) | 2 (4%) | 5 (10%) | 15 (30%) | 3 (6%) |
Low Risk/No-Intervention | 5 (10%) | 25 (50%) | 7 (14%) | 13 (26%) | 5 (10%) | 10 (20%) | 35 (70%) | 37 (74%) | 2 (4%) | 6 (12%) | 5 (10%) | 5 (10%) | 1 (2%) |
Total | 10 (5%) | 76 (38%) | 34 (17%) | 80 (40%) | 10 (5%) | 71 (35.5%) | 119 (59.5%) | 118 (59%) | 43 (21.5%) | 15 (7.5%) | 24 (12%) | 45 (22.5%) | 17 (8.5%) |
Variable | First Days (n = 76) | ≤4 Months (n = 34) | ≤6 Months (n = 80) | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Support for breastfeeding after returning home by a midwife | 13 (17.1%) | 18 (52.9%) | 57 (71.3%) | <0.0001 |
Support for breastfeeding after returning at home by telephone from midwife | 11 (14.5%) | 12 (35.3%), | 46 (57.5%), | <0.0001 |
Family support for breastfeeding after returning at home | 63 (82.9%) | 33 (97.1%), | 78 (97.5%), | 0.002 |
Exclusive breastfeeding (vs. breastfeeding and formula) | 2 (2.6%) | 1 (2.9%) | 21 (26.3%) | <0.0001 |
Diabetes during pregnancy | 21 (27.6%) | 12 (35.3%) | 26 (32.5%) | 0.6773 |
Thyroid disorder during pregnancy | 23 (30.3%) | 7 (20.6%) | 21 (26.3%) | 0.5643 |
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Truva, T.; Valasoulis, G.; Pouliakis, A.; Gkorezi-Ntavela, I.; Pappa, D.; Bargiota, A.; Garas, A.; Grivea, I.; Daponte, A. The Effect of a Structured Individualized Educational Intervention on Breastfeeding Rates in Greek Women. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 11359. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111359
Truva T, Valasoulis G, Pouliakis A, Gkorezi-Ntavela I, Pappa D, Bargiota A, Garas A, Grivea I, Daponte A. The Effect of a Structured Individualized Educational Intervention on Breastfeeding Rates in Greek Women. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(21):11359. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111359
Chicago/Turabian StyleTruva, Theoni, George Valasoulis, Abraham Pouliakis, Irontianta Gkorezi-Ntavela, Dimitra Pappa, Alexandra Bargiota, Antonios Garas, Ioanna Grivea, and Alexandros Daponte. 2021. "The Effect of a Structured Individualized Educational Intervention on Breastfeeding Rates in Greek Women" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21: 11359. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111359