Impacts of Hypoxia on Osteoclast Formation and Activity: Systematic Review
1
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
2
Clinical Laboratory Section, Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Taman Kajang Sentral, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Yousef Abu-Amer
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(18), 10146; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms221810146
Received: 29 July 2021
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Revised: 5 September 2021
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Accepted: 8 September 2021
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Published: 20 September 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hypoxia Signaling in Human Diseases)
Hypoxia is evident in several bone diseases which are characterized by excessive bone resorption by osteoclasts, the bone-resorbing cells. The effects of hypoxia on osteoclast formation and activities are widely studied but remain inconclusive. This systematic review discusses the studies reporting the effect of hypoxia on osteoclast differentiation and activity. A literature search for relevant studies was conducted through SCOPUS and PUBMED MEDLINE search engines. The inclusion criteria were original research articles presenting data demonstrating the effect of hypoxia or low oxygen on osteoclast formation and activity. A total of 286 studies were identified from the search, whereby 20 studies were included in this review, consisting of four in vivo studies and 16 in vitro studies. In total, 12 out of 14 studies reporting the effect of hypoxia on osteoclast activity indicated higher bone resorption under hypoxic conditions, 14 studies reported that hypoxia resulted in more osteoclasts, one study found that the number remained unchanged, and five studies indicated that the number decreased. In summary, examination of the relevant literature suggests differences in findings between studies, hence the impact of hypoxia on osteoclasts remains debatable, even though there is more evidence to suggest it promotes osteoclast differentiation and activity.
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Keywords:
hypoxia; oxygen; osteoclast; bone loss; systematic review
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MDPI and ACS Style
Tan, J.K.; Mohamad Hazir, N.S.; Alias, E. Impacts of Hypoxia on Osteoclast Formation and Activity: Systematic Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 10146. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms221810146
AMA Style
Tan JK, Mohamad Hazir NS, Alias E. Impacts of Hypoxia on Osteoclast Formation and Activity: Systematic Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(18):10146. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms221810146
Chicago/Turabian StyleTan, Jen K., Nur S. Mohamad Hazir, and Ekram Alias. 2021. "Impacts of Hypoxia on Osteoclast Formation and Activity: Systematic Review" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 18: 10146. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms221810146
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