Staphylococcal Superantigen-Like Protein 1 and 5 (SSL1 & SSL5) Limit Neutrophil Chemotaxis and Migration through MMP-Inhibition
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Identification of Two Staphylococcal Inhibitors of Neutrophil Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs)
2.2. Staphylococcal Superantigen-Like Protein 1 and 5 (SSL1 and SSL5) are Broad-Range MMP Inhibitors
2.3. The Potentiation of Neutrophil-Attracting Chemokines Is Inhibited by SSL1 and SSL5
2.4. SSL1 and SSL5 Inhibit Neutrophil Migration through Collagen
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Reagents and Chemicals
4.2. Cloning, Expression and Purification of Recombinant Staphylococcal Proteins
4.3. Cells
4.4. Trypsin Activation of the MMPs
4.5. Fluorogenic Peptide MMP Activity Assay
4.6. Far Western Blot to Detect MMP-SSL Binding
4.7. MMP-SSL Binding Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
4.8. Western Blot to Visualize IL-8 Cleavage
4.9. Calcium Mobilization Assay
4.10. Visualization of MMP-Mediated Collagen Degradation
4.11. Neutrophil Migration Assays
4.12. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Koymans, K.J.; Bisschop, A.; Vughs, M.M.; Van Kessel, K.P.M.; De Haas, C.J.C.; Van Strijp, J.A.G. Staphylococcal Superantigen-Like Protein 1 and 5 (SSL1 & SSL5) Limit Neutrophil Chemotaxis and Migration through MMP-Inhibition. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17, 1072. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17071072
Koymans KJ, Bisschop A, Vughs MM, Van Kessel KPM, De Haas CJC, Van Strijp JAG. Staphylococcal Superantigen-Like Protein 1 and 5 (SSL1 & SSL5) Limit Neutrophil Chemotaxis and Migration through MMP-Inhibition. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2016; 17(7):1072. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17071072
Chicago/Turabian StyleKoymans, Kirsten J., Adinda Bisschop, Mignon M. Vughs, Kok P. M. Van Kessel, Carla J. C. De Haas, and Jos A. G. Van Strijp. 2016. "Staphylococcal Superantigen-Like Protein 1 and 5 (SSL1 & SSL5) Limit Neutrophil Chemotaxis and Migration through MMP-Inhibition" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 17, no. 7: 1072. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17071072