Oral Administration of Apigenin Inhibits Metastasis through AKT/P70S6K1/MMP-9 Pathway in Orthotopic Ovarian Tumor Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Establishment of the Orthotopic Ovarian Tumor Model in Nude Mice
2.2. Apigenin Did not Significantly Inhibit Tumor Growth, but Inhibited the Occurrence of Micrometastasis in the Small Intestine and Stomach
2.3. Apigenin Significantly Decreased the Number of Metastasis Cancer Cells Detected in Several Organs
2.4. Apigenin Inhibited OVCAR-3 Cell Migration and Invasion
2.5. Apigenin Inhibited MMP-9 Expression through AKT/p70S6K1 Pathway
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Chemicals and Antibodies
3.2. Animal Model and Treatment
3.3. Micrometastasis Assay Based on Genomic PCR for Alu Sequence
3.4. Immunoblotting
3.5. Immunohistochemistry Analysis
3.6. Cell Culture
3.7. Wound-Healing Assays
3.8. Matrigel Transwell Invasion Assay
3.9. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
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Group | Lung | Small intestine | Liver | Stomach |
---|---|---|---|---|
Control | 4/10 | 7/10 | 7/10 | 6/10 |
Low dose (75 mg/kg) | 3/10 | 5/10 | 6/10 | 2/10 * |
High dose (150 mg/kg) | 3/10 | 3/10 * | 5/10 | 3/10 * |
© 2012 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
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He, J.; Xu, Q.; Wang, M.; Li, C.; Qian, X.; Shi, Z.; Liu, L.-Z.; Jiang, B.-H. Oral Administration of Apigenin Inhibits Metastasis through AKT/P70S6K1/MMP-9 Pathway in Orthotopic Ovarian Tumor Model. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 7271-7282. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms13067271
He J, Xu Q, Wang M, Li C, Qian X, Shi Z, Liu L-Z, Jiang B-H. Oral Administration of Apigenin Inhibits Metastasis through AKT/P70S6K1/MMP-9 Pathway in Orthotopic Ovarian Tumor Model. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2012; 13(6):7271-7282. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms13067271
Chicago/Turabian StyleHe, Jun, Qing Xu, Min Wang, Chongyong Li, Xu Qian, Zhumei Shi, Ling-Zhi Liu, and Bing-Hua Jiang. 2012. "Oral Administration of Apigenin Inhibits Metastasis through AKT/P70S6K1/MMP-9 Pathway in Orthotopic Ovarian Tumor Model" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 13, no. 6: 7271-7282. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms13067271