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Article

Characterization and Quantification of the Compounds of the Ethanolic Extract from Caesalpinia ferrea Stem Bark and Evaluation of Their Mutagenic Activity

by
Carlos César Wyrepkowski
1,2,
Daryne Lu Maldonado Gomes da Costa
1,2,
Adilson Paulo Sinhorin
3,
Wagner Vilegas
4,
Rone Aparecido De Grandis
5,
Flavia Aparecida Resende
5,
Eliana Aparecida Varanda
5 and
Lourdes Campaner Dos Santos
1,*
1
Organic Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-900, Brazil
2
Mato Grosso Federal Institute (IFMT), Cuiabá 78043-400, Brazil
3
Institute of Natural, Human, and Social Sciences, Mato Grosso Federal University (UFMT), Sinop 78557-267, Brazil
4
Experimental Campus of São Vicente, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Vicente 11350-000, Brazil
5
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-902, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2014, 19(10), 16039-16057; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules191016039
Submission received: 30 June 2014 / Revised: 23 September 2014 / Accepted: 23 September 2014 / Published: 8 October 2014
(This article belongs to the Section Natural Products Chemistry)

Abstract

Caesalpinia ferrea Martius has traditionally been used in Brazil for many medicinal purposes, such as the treatment of bronchitis, diabetes and wounds. Despite its use as a medicinal plant, there is still no data regarding the genotoxic effect of the stem bark. This present work aims to assess the qualitative and quantitative profiles of the ethanolic extract from the stem bark of C. ferrea and to evaluate its mutagenic activity, using a Salmonella/microsome assay for this species. As a result, a total of twenty compounds were identified by Flow Injection Analysis Electrospray Ionization Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry (FIA-ESI-IT-MS/MSn) in the ethanolic extract from the stem bark of C. ferrea. Hydrolyzable tannins predominated, principally gallic acid derivatives. The HPLC-DAD method was developed for rapid quantification of six gallic acid compounds and ellagic acid derivatives. C. ferrea is widely used in Brazil, and the absence of any mutagenic effect in the Salmonella/microsome assay is important for pharmacological purposes and the safe use of this plant.
Keywords: Caesalpinia ferrea; HPLC-DAD quantification; HPLC/ESI-IT-MS; hydrolyzable tannins; mutagenic activity Caesalpinia ferrea; HPLC-DAD quantification; HPLC/ESI-IT-MS; hydrolyzable tannins; mutagenic activity
Graphical Abstract

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wyrepkowski, C.C.; Gomes da Costa, D.L.M.; Sinhorin, A.P.; Vilegas, W.; De Grandis, R.A.; Resende, F.A.; Varanda, E.A.; Dos Santos, L.C. Characterization and Quantification of the Compounds of the Ethanolic Extract from Caesalpinia ferrea Stem Bark and Evaluation of Their Mutagenic Activity. Molecules 2014, 19, 16039-16057. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules191016039

AMA Style

Wyrepkowski CC, Gomes da Costa DLM, Sinhorin AP, Vilegas W, De Grandis RA, Resende FA, Varanda EA, Dos Santos LC. Characterization and Quantification of the Compounds of the Ethanolic Extract from Caesalpinia ferrea Stem Bark and Evaluation of Their Mutagenic Activity. Molecules. 2014; 19(10):16039-16057. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules191016039

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wyrepkowski, Carlos César, Daryne Lu Maldonado Gomes da Costa, Adilson Paulo Sinhorin, Wagner Vilegas, Rone Aparecido De Grandis, Flavia Aparecida Resende, Eliana Aparecida Varanda, and Lourdes Campaner Dos Santos. 2014. "Characterization and Quantification of the Compounds of the Ethanolic Extract from Caesalpinia ferrea Stem Bark and Evaluation of Their Mutagenic Activity" Molecules 19, no. 10: 16039-16057. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules191016039

APA Style

Wyrepkowski, C. C., Gomes da Costa, D. L. M., Sinhorin, A. P., Vilegas, W., De Grandis, R. A., Resende, F. A., Varanda, E. A., & Dos Santos, L. C. (2014). Characterization and Quantification of the Compounds of the Ethanolic Extract from Caesalpinia ferrea Stem Bark and Evaluation of Their Mutagenic Activity. Molecules, 19(10), 16039-16057. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules191016039

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