Chitin and Chitosan: Preparation, Purification, Characterization, and Applications

A special issue of Polysaccharides (ISSN 2673-4176).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2026 | Viewed by 644

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chitin and chitosan are among the most abundant and versatile natural biopolymers, garnering increasing scientific and industrial interest due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity, and tunable physicochemical properties. Derived primarily from marine biomass, fungal sources, and insect exoskeletons, these polysaccharides are gaining prominence as sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based materials and as key components in circular bioeconomy initiatives.

This Special Issue, “Chitin and Chitosan: Preparation, Purification, Characterization, and Applications”, aims to highlight recent advances in the extraction, purification, structural characterization, functional modification, and emerging applications of chitin- and chitosan-based materials. We welcome contributions focusing on green and innovative processing technologies, including enzymatic extraction, deep eutectic solvent systems, and environmentally friendly purification strategies. Studies exploring advanced analytical and characterization techniques, such as spectroscopic, thermal, rheological, and morphological assessments, are also encouraged.

We seek research and review articles addressing the expanding application landscape of chitin and chitosan, including biomedical engineering, drug delivery, tissue scaffolding, food packaging, agriculture, environmental remediation, nanotechnology, and composite material development. Interdisciplinary contributions that bridge fundamental science with translational or industrial implementation are particularly encouraged.

By bringing together cutting-edge research, this Special Issue aims to advance knowledge, promote sustainable biomaterial development, and stimulate innovation in chitin and chitosan science.

Dr. Azizur Rahman
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • chitin
  • chitosan
  • biopolymer extraction
  • green processing technologies
  • structural characterization
  • biomedical applications
  • environmental remediation
  • bio-based materials
  • marine biomass valorization
  • functional polysaccharides

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

23 pages, 4461 KB  
Article
Bioprocessing of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Shells for α-Chitin Extraction via Sequential Fermentation with Bacillus haynesii and Lactobacillus delbrueckii
by Gopi Manju, Pambayan Ulagan Mahalingam, Raman Krishnamoorthi, Pradeep Kumar Sudheeran, Kalyani Dhanapal, Anbalagan Indhrapriyadarshini, Arokia Vijaya Anand Mariadoss, Juyeon Lee and Kwang-sun Kim
Polysaccharides 2026, 7(2), 61; https://doi.org/10.3390/polysaccharides7020061 - 22 May 2026
Viewed by 320
Abstract
The industrial extraction of chitin from shrimp shell waste conventionally employs corrosive chemical treatments, which pose significant environmental hazards and compromise polymer integrity. This study introduces a sustainable and highly efficient microbial biorefining strategy for the recovery of α-chitin from Litopenaeus vannamei shells, [...] Read more.
The industrial extraction of chitin from shrimp shell waste conventionally employs corrosive chemical treatments, which pose significant environmental hazards and compromise polymer integrity. This study introduces a sustainable and highly efficient microbial biorefining strategy for the recovery of α-chitin from Litopenaeus vannamei shells, utilizing a sequential fermentation framework. Two potent strains—Bacillus haynesii MGPUMGRI, known for its proteolytic capabilities, and Lactobacillus delbrueckii MGPUMGRI, which produces lactic acid—were isolated and optimized. A notable technical achievement was the purification of an approximately 40 kDa extracellular alkaline protease from B. haynesii, which demonstrated optimal activity at pH 9.0 and 37 °C. Under optimized conditions, the sequential process—emphasizing enzymatic deproteinization (72.30 ± 1.56%) followed by lactic acid-mediated demineralization (84.98 ± 1.96%)—achieved a high-purity chitin recovery of 61.33 ± 1.06%. Comprehensive characterization using SEM-EDX, FTIR, and XRD confirmed the successful preservation of the α-chitin polymorphic structure, which exhibited a fragmented fibrillar morphology and a crystallinity index (CrI) of 60.51%. These findings indicate that this dual-strain bioprocess offers a scalable and environmentally friendly alternative for the valorization of seafood waste into high-quality biogenic polymers, while minimizing the ecological impact of chitin production. Full article
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