Search Results (983)

Responding to residents’ differentiated health-promoting needs has become important for improving the adaptability of street renewal in old urban neighborhoods. Based on 1404 valid questionnaires from residents in old urban neighborhoods of Jinan, China, this study develops an analytical framework linking group classification, environmental responses, and renewal strategies from the perspective of health literacy–activity behavior mismatch. Health literacy and activity behavior indices were constructed, and K-means clustering was used to identify mismatch groups. Estimated marginal means, average marginal effects, and multiple-response analysis were then employed to compare group-specific response trajectories and improvement preferences across four street environmental dimensions: slow-mobility space, service function, natural aesthetics, and activity facilities. Further interpretation of the obtained analytical results demonstrates that the investigated resident samples are partitioned into four typical subgroups: behavior-driven, high-literacy/high-behavior, literacy-driven, and low-literacy/low-behavior groups. Slow-mobility space was mainly associated with participation willingness and mismatch adjustment; natural aesthetics was primarily related to environmental cognition and perceived attractiveness; activity facilities were more relevant to mismatch changes among low-literacy/low-behavior residents; and service function mainly provided everyday convenience support. Improvement preferences were generally concentrated on basic environmental conditions, especially traffic safety, natural environment, and public activity spaces. These findings provide empirical evidence for group-based health-promoting street renewal and highlight its relevance to socially inclusive and sustainable urban regeneration. Full article

Rapid electric-vehicle adoption is reshaping urban energy and mobility systems, especially in multi-unit dwellings (MUDs), where concentrated charging in shared parking areas simultaneously stresses distribution transformers and amplifies the consequences of charger faults, battery thermal events, smoke spread, and emergency-access constraints. The central argument of this paper is that grid stress, resident-facing service quality, lifecycle cost, and fire-risk exposure in enclosed residential parking should be governed jointly rather than as four separate problems. To make that argument concrete, we develop an integrated framework that couples stochastic EV adoption, residential charging-behavior simulation, XGBoost demand forecasting, and linear-programming-based optimization for coordinated control, and we evaluate it through 1000 Monte Carlo trials on representative Turkish MUDs. Unmanaged charging triggers transformer overload at about 30% EV penetration, whereas coordinated control reduces peak demand by 44.7% (405 kW to 224 kW) and raises load factor from 0.40 to 0.68. Strict capacity protection exposes a sharp service–quality trade-off, with only 8.9% of users reaching 80% state of charge (SOC) by departure. Smart charging lowers upfront cost by about 55% ($200 vs. $439 per dwelling unit) and yields roughly $306 net present value per unit over ten years. Building on these results, we propose a five-pillar fire-risk-aware governance architecture—coordinated control, interoperability standards, time-of-use pricing, building–utility coordination, and monitoring—that turns coordinated charging into a preventive governance layer for reducing hazardous congestion in enclosed residential charging environments. Full article

Population aging has made aging in place (AIP) a central goal of sustainable welfare and urban governance, yet older adults’ perceived feasibility of remaining in their current home under conditions of vulnerability remains unevenly distributed. This study conceptualizes AIP intention under anticipated mobility limitation as a stratified condition of social sustainability, asking who expects to remain in the community as a supported and recognized member when mobility declines. Using the 2023 National Survey of Older Koreans (N = 9951), it examines older adults’ stated intention to remain in their current residence under mobility limitation through weighted logistic regression. The results show that this intention is structured most strongly by housing inequality: non-owner tenure reduces the likelihood of intending to remain in place, whereas housing satisfaction increases it. Co-residence with adult children is positively associated with this intention, while activities of daily living limitations are negatively associated with it. Beyond material and health conditions, social participation intention and digital adaptability increase the likelihood of intending to remain in place, whereas age discrimination in public institutions reduces it. Government trust is negatively associated with the intention to remain in place. Because the survey does not directly measure older adults’ awareness, availability, evaluation, or use of alternative residential or care facilities, this association is treated only as a discussion point rather than as an empirically tested mechanism: higher institutional trust may be linked to greater openness to publicly supported alternatives. The findings demonstrate that the perceived feasibility of AIP is not merely an individual preference, but an unevenly distributed possibility shaped by housing security, institutional inclusion, and civic capacity. Sustainable aging policy should integrate housing support, anti-discrimination measures, digital inclusion, and community participation. Full article

Post-COVID rural revitalisation policies and digital platform economies have renewed attention to returning to the Chinese countryside, yet return rarely becomes durable residence, livelihood, or recognised membership. This concept paper addresses that problem through a scoping-oriented critical literature review and interpretive synthesis of scholarship on rural return in China. It develops internal rural re-bordering as an analytic for explaining how rural return is governed as a form of conditional inclusion within national territory. The synthesis identifies three interacting mechanisms: institutional bordering, which shapes eligibility and service portability; platform governance, which shapes visibility and monetisation; and aesthetic governance, which shapes admissible rural identities, livelihoods, and spaces. Across the literature, durable return depends on whether mobility can be converted into regularised entitlements, relatively stable income, and locally recognised legitimacy, often through local intermediaries and relational labour. Rural return is therefore better understood as a conditional pathway of incorporation than as a simple demographic reversal. Full article

Smart city mobility is increasingly governed by a techno-solutionist logic that prizes data, automation, and efficiency, often at the expense of public trust, social legitimacy, and lived experience. This article argues that the fate of a mobility transition appears to depend less on the sophistication of the technology than on the pace and posture of change. Building on the CalmMobility framework and on Weiser and Brown’s concept of calm technology, it develops the idea of calm smart mobility—a human-paced, options-first approach in which innovation enters everyday life gradually and with credible alternatives already in place, so that residents are not asked to continuously adapt. The framework’s three pillars (Comprehensiveness; Pacing–Sequencing–Inclusion; Future-Readiness) are mapped onto four recurring challenges of smart mobility (Policy Layering, Affective Mismatch, Governance Silos, and the Future-Readiness Gap) and then used as a descriptive analytical lens to characterize seven documented implementations across economic, spatial, mass-transit, service, and platform interventions and four world regions: the Stockholm congestion charge, the London ULEZ expansion, the Barcelona superblocks, Bogotá’s TransMilenio bus rapid transit and Ciclovía, Seoul’s Cheonggyecheon restoration and bus reform, Helsinki’s Whim Mobility-as-a-Service, and Sidewalk Toronto. Presented through a comparison table, a positioning map, and adoption trajectories rather than rankings, the characterization suggests that the provision of alternatives, the sequencing and pace of change, and the genuineness of co-creation are more closely associated with smooth adoption than the type of instrument deployed. The article is conceptual and framework-building. The cases illustrate and probe the framework instead of validating it, and a testable central hypothesis is specified for future empirical work. Calm smart mobility is offered as a transferable, citizen-centred logic for guiding smart city mobility transitions at a human pace. Full article

India’s rapidly growing aging population faces significant challenges in built environments that prioritize efficiency over dignity. This study applies a domain–dignity mapping methodology to operationalize dignity within the built environment of Jammu city, drawing on semi-structured interviews with 30 older residents across three neighborhoods, namely Talab Tillo, Shakti Nagar, and Gandhi Nagar. Six built environment domains were mapped against five dignity constructs using an interdependence matrix of aggregated coded scores. The results indicate strong associations between mobility and autonomy, as well as safety and security. Governance shows a significant association with recognition, while social environment shapes belonging and participation. This study provides a preliminary foundation for a Dignity Assessment Tool for age-friendly urban environments in India. Full article

(1) Introduction: Transit-oriented development is often framed as a strategy to expand opportunity and advance equitable transportation. However, evidence suggests it can also contribute to rising housing costs and displacement in historically marginalized communities. This study examines how a light rail expansion reshaped displacement risk in a Latina/o community in the U.S. Southwest, identifying early mechanisms through residents’ interpretations of the expansion during construction. (2) Materials and Methods: Using a qualitative, community-engaged design, the study draws on ten in-depth pláticas with Latina/o residents conducted during construction of a major rail expansion. Data were analyzed abductively and guided by Critical Race Ecological Systems Theory (CrEST) to identify multilevel mechanisms linking infrastructure policy to lived social conditions. (3) Results: Findings identify three mechanisms through which transit investment generated displacement risk prior to relocation. First, historical and intergenerational memory shaping anticipatory displacement. Second, place-based belonging intensifying psychosocial stress and loss. Third, policy-mediated mobility constraining residents’ ability to remain or benefit from reinvestment. (4) Discussion: Transit infrastructure operates as a structural policy intervention that reorganizes risk, belonging, and stability when histories of racialized disinvestment are not incorporated into policy design. These findings position infrastructure planning as a critical site for social work policy analysis and prevention-oriented intervention. Full article

This study examines the structural determinants of behavioral intention to use a City Airport Terminal (CAT) in Ulsan using a structural equation modeling (SEM) framework. Whereas prior literature has predominantly explained CAT adoption in terms of accessibility, this study investigates whether usage intention can be sufficiently explained by accessibility alone or whether it reflects a broader multi-factor structure involving service quality and safety, economic efficiency, infrastructure convenience, and perceived public value. To this end, five latent constructs were specified, and a survey of 500 Ulsan residents was conducted. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated an acceptable measurement structure for the five latent constructs. The structural model results show that perceived public value and regional development was the only construct with a statistically significant direct path to CAT usage intention, whereas the baseline accessibility-only model provided a statistically insufficient explanation. A nested model comparison further indicated that non-accessibility constructs collectively contributed additional explanatory value beyond what accessibility alone could provide. These findings suggest that CAT usage intention is not adequately explained by accessibility alone but is better understood through a multi-factor conceptualization of CAT adoption. This study contributes to the literature by providing structural evidence that public value—encompassing regional development expectations and community-level benefits—should be explicitly considered in sustainable airport infrastructure planning. The results highlight the importance of a multi-dimensional approach to CAT implementation policy, integrating service quality and safety, economic efficiency, infrastructure convenience, and community-level value perceptions alongside physical accessibility. From a sustainable mobility perspective, the findings offer useful implications for sustainable airport access planning and air transport management. Full article

The humid coastal Lingnan region of South China, including the Chaoshan area of eastern Guangdong, is frequently exposed to disaster-prone weather conditions such as high humidity, typhoon-related winds, heavy rainfall, and salt-laden coastal air. These long-term environmental exposures may contribute to surface deterioration risks of architectural heritage. Located in Shantou, Yingchuan Shijia has shown five visible surface deterioration types—cracks, staining, saltpetering, plants, and spalling—under the combined influence of environmental exposure, material aging, previous disturbance, and insufficient maintenance. To address the limitations of manual inspection, this study explores a conservation-oriented intelligent workflow integrating YOLO-based detection, digital documentation, and screening-level conservation interpretation. Digital documentation used UAV imagery, mobile LiDAR scanning, measured drawings, and SketchUp-based three-dimensional modeling. The dataset was built in three stages: a 99-image preliminary dataset, where YOLOv8 showed only basic learning capability with low performance metrics, including Precision of 33.0 ± 3.0%, Recall of 28.0 ± 1.0%, mAP50 of 25.0 ± 1.0%, and mAP50-95 of 11.0 ± 1.0%; a 362-image non-augmented case-study dataset, where YOLOv8 still showed limited performance, with mAP50 of 20.0 ± 1.0% and mAP50-95 of 8.0 ± 1.0%; and a final YOLO-format case-study dataset of 2000 images after training-set-only augmentation using 11 geometric and photometric transformation methods. After augmentation, YOLOv8 mAP50 increased to 62.0 ± 2.0%. Under the same augmented-data condition, YOLOv13 showed Precision of 89.0 ± 1.0%, Recall of 77.0 ± 1.0%, mAP50 of 84.0 ± 1.0%, and mAP50-95 of 65.0 ± 1.0%, indicating relatively higher validation performance than YOLOv8. In the normalized confusion matrix, the background missed-detection values for cracks and saltpetering were 0.29 and 0.22, respectively, indicating that weak-feature and low-contrast deterioration types remained challenging. Based on YOLOv13, a mini program was developed to organize detection outputs and provide field-oriented preliminary conservation hints. Overall, this study provides a preliminary workflow linking digital collection, image-based deterioration detection, Grad-CAM visualization, and assisted field recording for the preventive conservation of Chaoshan overseas-Chinese residences in humid coastal heritage environments. Full article

Urban tourism communities activate local resources through spaces shared by residents and tourists, yet the inherent spatial overlap and functional complexity of these areas often generate conflicts. Existing research has predominantly focused on traditional scenic areas, heritage sites, or cities affected by overtourism, with comparatively little attention to urban tourism communities. This study draws on three tourism communities in Chongqing, China, employing street-intercept interviews and spatial analysis to investigate the forms and spatial characteristics of resident–tourist conflict. The findings indicate that such conflicts manifest across four dimensions: management conflict, economic conflict, resource and environmental conflict, and socio-cultural conflict. Conflicts are more likely to occur in areas where tourist activities intersect with residents’ daily routines, and different conflict types exhibit distinct spatial patterns. Furthermore, residents are more sensitive to these conflicts than tourists. By adopting a dual resident–tourist perspective, this study advances understanding of the tensions in high-density, high-mobility urban tourism communities and provides empirical insights to inform their sustainable development. Full article

Reducing carbon emissions from daily travel has become an important goal of 15-minute living-circle planning, yet it remains unclear which facility configurations are most supportive of green travel. Using 634 living circles and 20 million mobile-phone travel records and point-of-interest (POI) data, this study examines how facility layout within a 15-minute cycling circle influences residents’ walking and cycling travel behavior. Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) models and Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) suggest that low accessibility is generally associated with lower green travel shares, while moderate facility density promotes green travel, yet for some facility types, high density may show diminishing marginal benefits. Vegetable markets and primary schools emerge as key facilities, with education facilities driven mainly by accessibility, entertainment facilities by density, and commercial and healthcare facilities by both. K-means clustering identifies three types of low-green-travel-performing living circles—characterized by low density and poor accessibility—concentrated in peripheral and newly developed areas. The methodology is transferable, and the derived numerical ranges and living-circle typologies offer context-specific implications for Tangshan, and identified differences in facility importance and diminishing marginal benefits enrich 15-minute city theory. Full article

Housing is a crucial determinant of population migration. However, the mechanisms through which urban housing influences floating-population re-migration, as well as its role in guiding the efficient spatial allocation of populations, remain underexplored. This study investigated the impact of urban housing status on population re-migration based on the spatial equilibrium theory, and empirically tested this relationship using nearly 370,477 individual migration intentions records from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS). The key findings are as follows. First, urban housing status is related to shaping population re-migration intentions. In particular, owner-occupied housing and government-provided low-rent housing are associated with lower re-migration intentions. Second, institutional constraints on migrant populations can vary somewhat depending on household registration status. Rural-registered floating populations may sometimes face somewhat more restrictions in accessing urban housing and public services. By contrast, high-wage areas has less re-migration intentions primarily through labor income gains, leading to heterogeneous housing status effects on migration intentions. Further analysis reveals spatial and individual heterogeneity in how urban housing status shapes population re-mobility. Floating populations residing in first-tier, second-tier, and provincial capital cities prioritize employment opportunities. In comparison, first-generation floating populations, those with local spouses, and individuals engaged in low-risk occupations exhibit stronger demand for stable residence. Full article

This study presents a transient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of dielectric flow behaviour and debris transport in micro-EDM milling, considering the effects of dielectric properties, inter-electrode gap (IEG) size (20–30 µm), and tool rotational speed (400–850 rpm). Four dielectric media, nitrogen gas, deionized water, HEDMA111 EDM oil, and sunflower seed oil, were investigated using a two-dimensional FEM-based model coupled with particle tracking simulations to evaluate debris mobility within the machining region. The results demonstrate that dielectric properties, particularly viscosity, strongly influence hydrodynamic behaviour and particle transport within the IEG. Under the adopted equal mass flow rate condition, nitrogen gas exhibited the highest flow velocities and the fastest debris evacuation due to the combined effects of its low viscosity and the resulting higher inlet velocity. Deionized water and HEDMA111 oil exhibit comparable intermediate behaviour, indicating that moderate viscosity variations within liquid dielectrics do not significantly alter the overall flow regime. In contrast, sunflower seed oil generates the most damped flow conditions, with reduced velocities and prolonged particle residence due to increased viscous resistance. Variations in IEG size produce only minor changes in evacuation efficiency compared with the dominant influence of dielectric properties, while tool rotational speed primarily affects velocity magnitude without altering qualitative transport behaviour. Full article

Brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) is a bioindicator species of ecological integrity in mountain rivers of northern Portugal. Habitat loss and recreational fishing justify sustainable management to balance the conservation and exploitation of these fish populations. In fact, salmonid streams in NE Portugal are low productive watercourses and fish stocking has been continuously demanded by fishermen. However, this most common management action must be analyzed carefully and determined the effective increase for local fisheries, taking into consideration the potential dispersal of stocked fish. The objective of the present study, developed in River Sabor, was to determine short- and medium-term movement and dispersal patterns and habitat preferences of wild and stocked Brown trout, using radio telemetry, during a weekly monitoring 4-month period (October to February 2026; n = 18). Fish was sampled by electrofishing at beginning and the end of the experiment. Twenty-four adult Brown trout, equally distributed by two salmonid sections, and three groups, (1) wild resident (River Sabor) (213–270 mm TL); (2) wild non-resident (from contiguous basin, River Baceiro) (200–375 mm TL) and (3) rear-captivity (Castrelos Fishfarms, ICNF) (227–365 mm TL) fish, were surgically implanted with radio transmitters. Significant differences (KW-H (2;24) = 4.67; p = 0.09) were observed for the dispersal distances, considering fish detected at least in five sampling events, ranging from 120–1437 m for the wild resident stationary group to 192–14,150 m for the stocked mobile group. Moreover, wild non-resident fish displayed higher movement in the upstream direction, in opposition to the downstream movement of stocked individuals. Wild resident and non-resident trout tended to display increased movements during November and December, probably related to spawning activity, showing preferences by riffle and run habitats. Stocked fish were detected in pool habitats (mainly weir reservoirs), exhibiting significantly lower growth rates, and increased movement during January and February, particularly during flood events. These findings are valuable information for managers related to movement patterns, habitat use and stocking management. Full article

Weekday commuting and weekend recreation are two mobility domains through which urban spatial structure shapes residents’ well-being and urban functioning, yet direct empirical evidence on how they are related remains limited. This study investigates how weekday commuting costs and weekend recreational mobility conditions are related within a jobs–housing–recreation spatial framework, using individual-level location-based services (LBS) data from the central urban area of Chongqing, China. Generalized additive models reveal a nonlinear and range-dependent commuting–recreation relationship. Distance-based and driving-time specifications provide the main evidence for a U-shaped relationship, whereas transit-time specifications do not clearly reproduce this pattern, reflecting short-distance cost overestimation and spatially shared public-transport constraints rather than realised mobility conditions. From a spatial-configuration perspective, this pattern suggests that work-related and recreational mobility conditions are unevenly combined across residential locations, rather than simply aligned or opposed. It also suggests that relatively favourable commuting and recreational mobility conditions can coexist within some residential contexts. Rather than establishing a universal rule, the Chongqing case provides a testable hypothesis that may be relevant to large cities with uneven and partially aligned employment, housing, transport, and recreational opportunities. The study provides an empirical entry point for integrated spatial-performance diagnosis and future evaluation of alternative jobs–housing–recreation configurations. Full article