You are currently viewing a new version of our website. To view the old version click .

580 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
2,680 Views
23 Pages

1 February 2024

The tertiary industry has become the main driving force for China’s economic development, and the adjustment and optimization of its structure are important prerequisites for achieving high-quality economic development. Existing studies have mo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,293 Views
18 Pages

4 August 2023

The development of the tertiary industry is of great significance for promoting industrial structure, optimizing and upgrading it, and achieving regional energy conservation and emission reduction goals. This study adopts a quantitative method to ana...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,015 Views
22 Pages

13 May 2023

The service and knowledge economy has emerged as the primary drivers of national economic growth, with the tertiary industry leading the way. To promote growth in the central plain region and achieve structural convergence of industries for sustainab...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
874 Views
28 Pages

11 September 2025

The study analyzes the heterogeneous impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on financial performance across five strategic sectors of Slovakia’s economy. Using a longitudinal dataset of 500 companies (100 per sector) spanning 2015–2022, we exam...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,649 Views
18 Pages

1 October 2024

Food security is a cornerstone of national development, and farmland protection and rationale are crucial for its assurance. However, integrating primary, secondary, and tertiary industries (IPSTI) in rural areas places significant pressure on farmla...

  • Editorial
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,021 Views
5 Pages

6 June 2022

The Special Issue “Industry and Tertiary Sectors towards Clean Energy Transition” is focused on technical, financial and policy-related aspects linked to the transition of industrial and services sectors towards energy saving and decarbon...

  • Article
  • Open Access
91 Citations
8,445 Views
18 Pages

Research on Digital Inclusive Finance Promoting the Integration of Rural Three-Industry

  • Heping Ge,
  • Bowen Li,
  • Decai Tang,
  • Hao Xu and
  • Valentina Boamah

The development of digital financial inclusion helps create a healthy rural financial ecological environment and plays an important role in integrating rural tertiary industries. This paper incorporates digital financial inclusion into the rural tert...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,877 Views
18 Pages

A Study of Trends in Low-Energy Development Patterns in China: A Data-Driven Approach

  • Yao Wang,
  • Qiang Yang,
  • Xuenan Wu,
  • Ruichen Wang,
  • Tilei Gao and
  • Yuntong Liu

26 June 2023

China is currently undergoing a transition towards high-quality economic development, and the industrial structure is being optimized. However, there are still regional imbalances in economic development and energy consumption. Therefore, it is neces...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,617 Views
22 Pages

Servitization as a Circular Economy Strategy: A Brazilian Tertiary Packaging Industry for Logistics and Transportation

  • Alexandre Fernandes Andrade,
  • Heloisa Candia Hollnagel and
  • Fernando de Almeida Santos

16 July 2025

Leadership is essential for promoting the circular economy (CE) by fostering systemic thinking, promoting resource efficiency, and driving innovative practices that close material loops and minimize environmental impact. In addition, the principles o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
806 Views
20 Pages

Aeration Rate in Tertiary Treatment of Anaerobic Effluent from Soft Drink Industry by Co-Cultivation Between Penicillium gravinicasei and Microalgae

  • João Victor Oliveira Nascimento da Silva,
  • Carlos Eduardo de Farias Silva,
  • Jânio Nunes Sampaio,
  • Bruno Roberto dos Santos,
  • Tácia Souza da Silva,
  • Brígida Maria Villar da Gama,
  • Anderson Correia da Silva,
  • Albanise Enide da Silva and
  • Renata Maria Rosas Garcia Almeida

The soft drink industry generates effluents with high organic loads and contaminants such as nitrogen and phosphorus, requiring sequential secondary and tertiary treatments to meet international discharge standards. Moving beyond traditional monocult...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,940 Views
20 Pages

Tertiary Treatment of Pulp Industry Effluents Using Activated Biochar Derived from Biological Sludge Within a Circular Economy Framework

  • Antonio Machado Netto,
  • Marília Christian Gomes Morais Nascimento,
  • Leonardo Souza de Caux,
  • Marcela de Oliveira Brahim Cortez,
  • José Pedro Rodrigues Ferreira,
  • Keivison Almeida Monteiro and
  • Renata Pereira Lopes Moreira

23 May 2025

The application of circular economy principles to the sustainable management of waste from the pulp industry presents significant environmental challenges. In this context, using biological sludge as a raw material for producing activated biochar (BC...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,117 Views
18 Pages

Sustainable Alternatives for Tertiary Treatment of Pulp and Paper Wastewater

  • Matia Mainardis,
  • Silvia Mulloni,
  • Arianna Catenacci,
  • Maila Danielis,
  • Erika Furlani,
  • Stefano Maschio and
  • Daniele Goi

16 May 2022

In this work, different alternatives to conventional tertiary treatment of pulp and paper (P&P) wastewater (WW), i.e., physicochemical coagulation-flocculation, were investigated to enhance the environmental and economic sustainability of industr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
5,530 Views
21 Pages

4 August 2021

The implementation of monitoring tools and energy management systems (EnMSs) supports companies in their long-term energy efficiency strategies, and they are essential to analyse the effectiveness of energy performance improvement actions (EPIAs). Th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,767 Views
16 Pages

25 May 2024

Spatialization and analysis of the gross domestic product of second and tertiary industries (GDP23) can effectively depict the socioeconomic status of regional development. However, existing studies mainly conduct GDP spatialization using nighttime l...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,090 Views
32 Pages

29 March 2022

The accurate prediction of heat load profiles with a daily resolution is required for a broad range of applications, such as potential studies, design, or predictive operation of heating systems. If the heat demand of a consumer mainly originates fro...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
2,661 Views
23 Pages

28 July 2023

The convergence of rural primary, secondary, and tertiary industries is an effective way to establish a modern rural industrial system. The digital transformation of rural industries is a new idea to promote high-quality converged development. This p...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
25 Citations
5,737 Views
33 Pages

11 August 2023

Photocatalytic membrane reactors (PMRs) have been found to be very effective in the removal of organic pollutants (particularly recalcitrant compounds) from wastewater because they allow for the mineralization of organic pollutants to innocuous by-pr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
6,823 Views
28 Pages

From Energy Audit to Energy Performance Indicators (EnPI): A Methodology to Characterize Productive Sectors. The Italian Cement Industry Case Study

  • Giacomo Bruni,
  • Alessandra De Santis,
  • Carlos Herce,
  • Luigi Leto,
  • Chiara Martini,
  • Fabrizio Martini,
  • Marcello Salvio,
  • Federico Alberto Tocchetti and
  • Claudia Toro

14 December 2021

In this work, a novel methodology to assess energy performance indicators of productive and economic sectors trough the analysis of the Italian mandatory energy audits database is presented. The updating of sectoral reference energy performance indic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
29 Citations
35,175 Views
22 Pages

13 February 2023

The three levels of the industrial sector in Saudi Arabia (primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors) are collectively regarded as a pillar of the economy, with great potential that offers attractive job prospects. Therefore, the success of Saudi priv...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,122 Views
21 Pages

6 February 2023

This study aims to probe the sustainable development issues in Chinese rural regions. It analyzes the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries by considering the experiences of Yongan village in Quanzhou, China, as a case study. Integrating primar...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,096 Views
21 Pages

25 September 2024

Resource-based regions are built upon the endowment of abundant natural resources; however, they often fall into development dilemmas due to the depletion of natural resources and ecological environmental regulations. How to achieve transformative de...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,537 Views
21 Pages

PM2.5 Pollution and Inhibitory Effects on Industry Development: A Bidirectional Correlation Effect Mechanism

  • Jibo Chen,
  • Keyao Chen,
  • Guizhi Wang,
  • Lingyan Wu,
  • Xiaodong Liu and
  • Guo Wei

In this paper, a vector autoregression (VAR) model has been constructed in order to analyze a two-way mechanism between PM2.5 pollution and industry development in Beijing via the combination of an impulse response function and variance decomposition...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,082 Views
22 Pages

20 March 2025

High-speed railway (HSR) has become a key infrastructure that shapes land use, specifically industrial distribution, and therefore affects urban industrial structure and regional economic patterns. This paper develops a new approach to examine the in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,770 Views
20 Pages

Benefit Analysis of Economic and Social Water Supply in Xi’an Based on the Emergy Method

  • Zihan Guo,
  • Ni Wang,
  • Xiaolian Mao,
  • Xinyue Ke,
  • Shaojiang Luo and
  • Long Yu

21 April 2022

In order to manage regional water resources efficiently and sustainably and promote the rational utilization of water resources, it is necessary to evaluate the water-supply benefit reasonably. On the basis of emergy theory, this paper constructs the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
3,604 Views
13 Pages

27 May 2020

In the context of sustainable development, air pollution poses challenges to the adjustment of the industrial structure in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. In order to explore the relationship between air pollution and urban industrial development,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,739 Views
18 Pages

8 August 2023

This paper explores the relationship between high-speed rail (HSR) and industrial agglomeration within urban agglomerations. The paper selects the data of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Urban Agglomeration (BJHUA) and Central Plains Urban Aggl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,880 Views
16 Pages

12 January 2022

The conflict between economic growth and environmental pollution has become a considerable bottleneck to future development throughout the world. The industrial structure may become the possible key factor in resolving the contradiction. Using the da...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,412 Views
16 Pages

4 July 2019

This paper conducts panel analysis to evaluate the effects of a structural economic shift from the industrial to the tertiary sector, a reduction in industrial overcapacity, and improvements in energy efficiency on energy consumption using data for 3...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,172 Views
16 Pages

Input–Output Analysis of China’s Forest Industry Chain

  • Wenting Jia,
  • Fuliang Cao and
  • Xiaofeng Jia

7 July 2023

The goal of this article is to conduct a detailed study of China’s forestry industry chain and determine the effect it has on the national economy. Based on the 2018 China Input–Output Table (153 departments) and other relevant data released by the N...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,776 Views
16 Pages

Using Niche Model to Analyze Water Consumption Structure in Jinan City, Shandong

  • Chen Yue,
  • Tian Nan,
  • Yong Qian,
  • Feng Liu,
  • Chunyan Guo and
  • Shijun Zhen

10 February 2024

Water resources are essential for healthy economic growth. Based on data on water consumption and industrial structure, this paper analyzes the evolution trends of the regional water consumption structure and industrial structure in Jinan City, Shand...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,741 Views
25 Pages

27 August 2020

Urbanization is a complex process closely involving the economy, society, and population. While monitoring urban development and exploring the industry-driving force in a real-time and effective way are the prerequisites for optimizing industry struc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,813 Views
16 Pages

15 May 2023

The expressway is an important pillar of economic development and has a significant impact on the transformation of regional industrial structure. This study analyzes the optimization of the industrial structure and spatial distribution of three indu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,759 Views
14 Pages

11 June 2022

Regional development brings significant changes in industrial structure and water consumption. Researching the trend in water consumption by changes in industrial structure can promote water conservation. The grey niche model describes the industrial...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,223 Views
18 Pages

Innovation is a key factor for a country’s overall national strength and core competitiveness. The spatial pattern of innovation reflects the regional differences of innovation development, which can provide guidance for the regional allocation...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
2,650 Views
16 Pages

12 May 2023

Using a sample of 122 county-level units in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region from 2000 to 2017, this study employs a difference-in-differences model (DID) to examine the impact of regional integration strategy (RIS) on city-region formation and a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,196 Views
17 Pages

For looking at the effect of public fiscal expenditure of local government on industry, three contradictory points of view: improving effect, impeding effect, and no effect, have been previously discussed in the literature. However, there is no gener...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
2,983 Views
12 Pages

12 July 2021

Based on threshold regression models, this paper analyzes the effect of economic growth on energy intensity by using panel data from 21 developed countries from 1996 to 2015. Results show that a 1% increase in GDP per capita can lead to a 0.62–0.78%...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
6,664 Views
28 Pages

16 December 2014

Based on the computable general equilibrium (CGE) modelling method, this research analyzes the relationship between industrial structure and land use structure in China. The results show that our model is feasible, and the simulation results are of a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,255 Views
17 Pages

Understanding the impact of urban economic growth on ecologically functional land (EFL) change and the relevant mechanisms is necessary for adaptive ecological management and regional policy. The present study aims to explore the relationship between...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
3,520 Views
16 Pages

Heavy-duty diesel trucks (HDDTs) contribute significantly to NOX and particulate matter (PM) pollution. Although existing studies have emphasized that HDDTs play a dominant role in vehicular pollution, the spatial distribution pattern of HDDT emissio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
4,188 Views
23 Pages

28 June 2019

Water issue is one of the challenges of urban sustainability in developing countries. To address the conflict between urban water use and economic development, it is required to better understand the decoupling states between them and the driving for...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,008 Views
18 Pages

14 January 2025

Jiangsu province’s forestry industry offers valuable insights for resource-poor regions in China. This study aims to determine the competitiveness of different forestry sectors in Jiangsu province and identify the industrial structural changes...

  • Article
  • Open Access
29 Citations
8,486 Views
25 Pages

4 January 2018

The past decade has seen a surge in the use of city branding, which is used to attract specific target groups of investors, high-tech green firms and talented workforce and reflects a desired shift from old, polluting manufacturing industries to new,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,269 Views
25 Pages

1 December 2023

Carbon neutrality is urgent as rapidly emerging economies aggravate their share of global energy demand. In China, the energy structure is dominated by fossil fuels, but it varies significantly across provinces. As an indicator of carbon neutrality,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,389 Views
22 Pages

14 November 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a weakening of expectations of market players and local governments. It is necessary to explore some effective paths to stabilize China’s market expectations. This paper draws on computable general equilibrium (C...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,706 Views
24 Pages

23 December 2022

This paper examines the transformation of the brownfield sites and the places occupied by old industrial activities in Romania, focusing on a medium-sized town since small- and medium-sized towns are mainly overlooked in the current scientific debate...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,834 Views
29 Pages

13 April 2025

This paper introduces a novel spatial angle index method for evaluating industrial spatial structure upgrading, drawing on a review and critique of existing approaches, including the traditional proportional method, industrial structure hierarchy coe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
3,603 Views
19 Pages

17 October 2018

Simultaneously protecting the environment and promoting the economy are two critical dimensions for sustainable development. Carbon productivity is popularly used in assessing the environmental and economic efficiency over time, and is deemed as the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,721 Views
46 Pages

28 October 2019

A potentially attractive way for cities to maintain economic growth while reducing environmental harm is to let their production structures undergo industrial transformation, a process otherwise known as ecological modernization. This attraction lies...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,912 Views
21 Pages

28 April 2023

The efficiency change, mutual cooperation, and interaction among the three fishery industries in China can accurately reflect the level of economic development within the industry. Studying the relationships between the three fishery industries under...

of 12