A recent development in Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), known as Dynamic and Dependent Tree Theory (D2T2), accounts for dependencies between the basic events, making FTA more powerful. The method uses an integrated combination of Binary Decision Diagrams...
Auxiliary services are vital for the operation of a substation. If a contingency affects the distribution feeder that provides energy for the auxiliary services, it could lead to the unavailability of the substation’s service. Therefore, backup...
This article considers human activities as a central but deeply problematic aspect of sustainability. We argue that radical reduction in human activities could be an important lever to counter problems such as climate change. However, instead of purs...
This paper presents a time-dependent reliability analysis created for a critical energy infrastructure use case, which consists of an interconnected urban power grid and a communication network. By utilizing expert knowledge from the energy and commu...
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), such as the Global Positioning System (GPS), have been widely utilized and their applications are becoming popular, not only in military or commercial applications, but also for everyday life. Although GPS...
The unavailability of safe drinking water leads to poor conditions related to mental and physical health. To quantify the quality of water, laboratories testing the water are present in major cities which assess the basic quality parameters of drinki...
Monte Carlo simulations are widely used for uncertainty analysis in the probabilistic safety assessment of nuclear power plants. Despite many advantages, such as its general applicability, a Monte Carlo simulation has inherent limitations as a simula...
Photovoltaic generation is one of the key technologies in the production of electricity from renewable sources. However, the intermittent nature of solar radiation poses a challenge to effectively integrate this renewable resource into the electrical...
Renewable energy sources account for approximately one-quarter of the total electric power generating capacity in the United States. These sources increase system complexity, with potential negative impacts caused by their inherent variability. A mic...
28 July 2022
Cervical cancer (CC) is the most common viral infection of the reproductive tract and in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), its morbidity and mortality rates are high. The aim of this review was to map evidence on CC management in SSA. The scoping review was...
The performance assessment of any control system plays a key role in industrial control systems. To meet the real-time requirements of modern control systems, a quick and accurate evaluation of the performance of a system is necessary. In this paper,...
Hydrological modelling requires accurate climate data with high spatial-temporal resolution, which is often unavailable in certain parts of the world—such as Central America. Numerous studies have previously demonstrated that in hydrological modellin...
This paper presents an alternating testing strategy to improve the reliability of multi-state safety instrumented systems (SISs) under degradation conditions. A dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) model is developed to assess SIS unavailability, integrati...
The Markov method is a common reliability assessment method. It is often used to describe the dynamic characteristics of a system, such as its repairability, fault sequence and multiple degradation states. However, the “curse of dimensionality&...
The integration of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) into urban air mobility (UAM) systems necessitates reliable and uninterrupted communication infrastructure to ensure safety, control, and data continuity within designated air corridors. This paper p...
One of the goals of sustainable development is to achieve economic and social growth according to environmental criteria. Nowadays, impact assessment is an efficient decision making method in planning and management with environmental perspectives. E...
The airworthiness certification of aerospace cyber-physical systems traditionally relies on the probabilistic safety assessment as a standard engineering methodology to quantify the potential risks associated with faults in system components. This pa...
The quality of the photovoltaic (PV) cell model impacts many simulation studies for PV systems, such as maximum power point tracking and other assessments. Moreover, due to limited information found in the datasheets of the PV cells, several paramete...
Density-functional theory (DFT) is employed to investigate the thermodynamic and ground-state properties of bulk uranium tri-iodide, UI3. The theory is fully relativistic and electron correlations, beyond the DFT and generalized gradient approximatio...
This work deals with a comparison between electroplating and Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) finishing technologies applied in the fashion industry, with a special focus on their environmental impacts. The goal of this work is to present and validate...
This paper proposes a closed-form method to evaluate wind turbine system reliability and associated failure consequences. Monte Carlo simulation, a widely used approach for system reliability assessment, usually requires large numbers of computationa...
In this study, the CALPHAD approach was employed to model the thermodynamics of the Au-Ge-X (X = In, Sb, Si, Zn) ternary systems, leveraging experimental phase equilibria data and previous assessments of related binary subsystems. The solution phases...
Railway signalling systems must ensure the safe movement of trains and the reliability of the operation of their components is of utmost importance. One of the main components is the interlocking devices, which provide secure, safe and reliable inter...
There exists considerable uncertainty over both shale and conventional gas resource availability and extraction costs, as well as the fugitive methane emissions associated with shale gas extraction and its possible role in mitigating climate change....
The safety evaluation of oral exposure to substances, such as food ingredients, additives, and their constituents, relies primarily on a careful evaluation and analysis of data from oral toxicity studies. When relevant oral toxicity studies are unava...
Most advanced autonomous driving systems (ADS) today rely on the prior creation of high-definition maps (HD maps). This process is expensive and needs to be performed frequently to keep up with the changing conditions of the road environment. Creatin...
A Constant Pipe Drainage (CPD) capacity for sewer systems is commonly applied when undertaking flood risk assessment, however data that are needed for calibration and validation of numerical models are scarce or unavailable. The CPD model neglects th...
Groundwater is a crucial natural resource for regular socio-economic function. Groundwater vulnerability to pollution can be assessed through Geographical Information System (GIS)-based qualitative methods. GIS-based tools, dedicated to the assessmen...
Indoor short-range localization is crucial in many Industry 4.0 applications. Production monitoring for assembly lines, for instance, requires fine-grained positioning for parts or goods in order to keep track of the production process and the statio...
Location effects play a crucial role in the real estate market, encompassing aspects of accessibility and neighborhood quality. While traditional measures exist for accessibility, evaluating neighborhood quality can be a complex task. Understanding t...
Electro-mechanical brake (EMB) systems have garnered significant attention due to their distributed architecture. However, their signals from the brake pedal to the wheel-end actuators (WEAs) are transmitted electrically, meaning that any fault in EM...
Machine learning is an emerging area in research. Nowadays, researchers are utilizing machine learning across all domains to find optimal solutions. Machine learning facilitates the growth of an intrusion detection system (IDS) in the context of cybe...
The COVID-19 pandemic represented a challenge for health-care systems, and a major bottleneck in SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis was the unavailability of extraction reagents. To overcome this limitation, we performed a comparative analysis to evaluate the perf...
The safety of automatic level crossing devices (ALDs) is of utmost importance due to the need to ensure safe passage through railway crossings—accidents must not be allowed. In this paper, an analysis of failures of ALDs in the railway infrastr...
Participating in cognitive and physical activities can help older adults to live a healthy and independent life. However, with the ongoing pandemic, face-to-face training options became unavailable or limited, yielding a need for alternatives. In thi...
This article presents an algorithm for modelling an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) for power transformer paper conditions in order to estimate the transformer’s expected life. The dielectric characteristics, dissolved gasses, and furfu...
Observability analysis of a bioinspired flexible flapping wing system provides a measure of how well the states of flexible flapping wing micro-aerial vehicles can be estimated from real-time measurements during high-speed flight. However, the tradit...
Assessments of the hosting capacity of electricity distribution networks are of paramount importance, as they facilitate the seamless integration of rooftop photovoltaic systems into the grid, accelerating the transition towards a more carbon neutral...
This study analyzes the use of a lightweight image-based deep learning model to classify dairy cows into low-, medium-, and high-milk-yield categories by automatically detecting the udder region of the cow. The implemented model was based on the YOLO...
Water resources have uneven distributions over time, space, and source; thus, potential impacts related to water use should be evaluated by determining the differences in water resources rather than by simply summing water use. We propose a model for...
Movement artifact direction and magnitude are critical parameters in noise detection and image analysis, especially for single-frame images where temporal information is unavailable. This paper introduces the Movement Artifact Direction Estimation (M...
A cyber-physical system (CPS) is a combination of physical system components with cyber capabilities that have a very tight interconnectivity. CPS is a widely used technology in many applications, including electric power systems, communications, and...
7 August 2019
Healthcare disparity is, to a large extent, ascribable to the uneven distribution of high-quality healthcare resources, which remains insufficiently examined, largely due to data unavailability. To overcome this barrier, we synthesized multiple sourc...
This study assesses the geographical distribution of agricultural water scarcity in Bangladesh in order to streamline the adaptation measures. The agricultural water scarcity was assumed to be a system with five subsystems, namely, groundwater depth,...
Toxicological risk assessment of chemicals without experimental toxicity data often relies on in silico predictions. However, models designed to predict inhalation toxicity associated with exposure to volatile chemicals in solution are unavailable. T...
In this paper, we devise a system for architectural simulations that considers the volumetric and three-dimensional properties or the energy sources involved in the energy exchanges within or around edifices and built or urban spaces. The advances ar...
The vein of Galen malformations (VoGMs) is mainly correlated with the retention of an embryonic pattern of vascularity, inducer of vein of Galen dilation, and formation of arteriovenous communications that give rise to the risk of systemic shunting,...
Identifying the location and estimating the magnitude of urban pluvial flooding events is essential to assess their impacts, particularly in areas where data are unavailable. The present work focused on developing and exemplifying a tool to evaluate...
The boiling crisis or critical heat flux (CHF) is a very critical constraint for any heat-flux-controlled boiling system. The existing methods (physical models and empirical correlations) offer a specific interpretation of the boiling phenomenon, as...
Recent technological advancements in conservation genetics and genomics have resulted in diverse tools for aiding the conservation of species. The precision and resolution of high throughput sequencing technologies provide valuable insights to aid co...
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