In PVC compounds, hydrogen chloride plays a fundamental role in ·H and ·OH radical trapping, lowering the flame energy during combustion. Furthermore, it yields actual Lewis acids promoting the cross-linking of the polyene sequences fro...
In the European Union, according to the second basic requirement for construction works of Regulation (EU) n. 305/2011, cables permanently installed in residential and public buildings must be classified in terms of reaction to fire, smoke production...
In the European Union, Regulation (EU) No 305/2011, in force since 2017 as CPR, requires the classification of cables permanently installed in buildings for reaction to fire, smoke, flaming droplets, and acidity. The latter is an additional classific...
Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 lays down harmonized conditions for marketing construction products in the European Union. One of its consequences has been the introduction of the product standard EN 50575 and standard EN 130501-6, concerning power, cont...
In the European Union, according to Regulation (EU) n. 305/2011, cables permanently installed in residential and public buildings need additional classification for acidity. EN 60754-2 is the test method for assessing acidity, and three classes are p...
Background: Folic acid supplementation is recommended to prevent neural tube defects and has been associated with improved fertility, while cigarette smoking is linked to reduced circulating folate even after accounting for intake. We examined whethe...
Acidic compounds constitute a group of chemicals present in mainstream cigarette smoke, among which organic acids contribute to flavoring. In order to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the constituents of acidic compounds in both the particulat...
Current dietary guidelines do not consider cancer survivors’ and past smokers’ low capacity to regulate their acid–base balance. People with a low capacity to regulate their acid–base balance are more susceptible to acid-produ...
Objectives: The present study is aimed at determining the effect of cigarette smoking (CS) on serum uric acid (UA) levels quantitatively before and after smoking cessation among people with MS (pwMS). Additionally, a possible correlation between UA l...
The intrinsic flammability of wood restricts its application in various fields. In this study, we constructed a phytic acid (PA)–silica hybrid system in wood by a vacuum-pressure impregnation process to improve its flame retardancy and smoke suppress...
Background: Abscisic acid (ABA), a phytohormone widely distributed in nature, has recently emerged as an endogenous regulator of glucose homeostasis in humans. Specifically, scientific studies have demonstrated that exogenous ABA supplementation impr...
This study investigated changes in the proximate chemical composition and profiles of fatty acids and volatile compounds of 12 smoked cheeses made from the milk of native Polish cow breeds used in Beskid Niski. Analyses were performed during the shel...
The present study was designed to investigate and compare the effects of plant-derived smoke (PDS) and auxin (IAA and IBA) on maize growth under the application of 2,3,5-triiodo benzoic acid (TIBA). For this purpose, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and in...
Although smoke-isolated karrikins (KAR1) could regulate secondary metabolism in medicinal plants, the signal transduction mechanism has not been reported. This study highlights the influence of KAR1 on tanshinone I (T-I) production in Salvia miltiorr...
Cigarette smoking (CS) is believed to be an important inducement in the pathological development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a progressive lung disease. Loquat is an Asian evergreen tree commonly cultivated for its fruit. Its lea...
The effect of cold smoking on the physicochemical, microbiological, and aromatic properties of Formaella-type cheese has not been previously investigated. In this study, experimental Formaella-type hard cheeses (≤38% moisture) were produced using...
Tobacco consumption is the most incriminated and studied risk factor for Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but other factors such as air pollution, are also linked to this disease. One of the known aspects of this chronic lung disease is...
Oxidative stress is induced by tobacco smoking and is also associated with exposure to air pollution, which are two of the most important risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this study was to correlate tobacco us...
The impact of plant-derived smoke as a promoter of seed germination in many crops is well documented. However, very little is known about (1) the appropriate plant species for smoke-water preparation, (2) the effect of smoke-water on the germination...
Smoke intoxication is a central event in mass burn incidents, and toxic smoke acts at different levels of the body, blocking breathing and oxygenation. The majority of these patients require early induction of anesthesia to preserve vital functions....
Background/Objectives: Little is currently known of the impact of heated tobacco on health. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of heated tobacco use on selected health assessment parameters among people aged 18–30 to determine the...
Although several researchers have attested deleterious effects of smoking to the musculoskeletal system, the association between smoking and the onset of osteoarthritis (OA) remains unclear. Here, we investigate the effect of cigarette smoke extract...
The concept of using ‘acid-adapted’ challenge cultures in the microbial validation of food processes that incorporate an acidic treatment is that they would be more resistant to acid and require a robust process to obtain targeted log red...
This study aimed to develop and evaluate nicotine--stearic acid conjugate-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (NSA-SLNs) for transdermal delivery in nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). Nicotine conjugation to stearic acid prior to SLN formulation greatl...
The expansion of the assortment of low-saturated-fat sausages is a trend in healthy eating, and the use of alternative ways to reduce their saturated fat content is required. This study aimed to partially substitute pork fat with 7% and 10% oleogel,...
Caffeic acid is a natural antioxidant, largely distributed in plant tissues and food sources, possessing anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticarcinogenic properties. The object of this investigation was the development of a formulation for caff...
The progression of smoking-related diseases is characterized by macrophage-mediated inflammation, which is responsible for an increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and galectins, molecules that bind specifically to β-galactoside suga...
Cold-smoked (CS) salmon contains high levels of sodium salts, and excess dietary sodium intake is associated with an array of health complications. CS salmon may also represent a food safety risk due to possible presence and growth of the foodborne p...
Alveolar osteitis (AO) is a common complication following the extraction of the teeth, particularly the lower third molars. It starts within a few days after the extraction and manifests mainly as pain in the extraction site. Several strategies of tr...
Seed imbibition under cold temperature is dangerous when dry seeds have relatively low water content. The aim of this study was to investigate germination of 20 lines/cultivars of narrow-leaf lupine at 7 °C (cold) and 13 °C (control) under the influe...
Flooding induces low-oxygen stress, which reduces plant growth. The activity of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt is crucial for plant stress adaptation, in which it acts by changing cytosolic pH, limiting reactive oxygen species production,...
This study compared the temporal effects of traditional cigarettes and e-cigarettes on lung health in male Rattus norvegicus over 8- and 12-week periods. Thirty rats were evaluated for tracheal/alveolar histopathology and systemic markers (IL-6, TNF-...
20 December 2019
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fatty acid composition, including trans C18:1 and C18:2 isomers and the content of conjugated linoleic acid cis9trans11 C18:2 (CLA), in commercial smoked and unsmoked cheeses and cheese-like products avai...
CYP1A2, one of the most abundant hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes, is involved in metabolism of several drugs and carcinogenic compounds. Data on the significance of CYP1A2 genetic polymorphisms in enzyme activity are highly inconsistent; therefore, t...
There is growing evidence that the metabolism is deeply intertwined with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) progression and survival but little is known about circulating metabolite patterns and their clinical potential. We performed unsup...
Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAS) are known endocrine disrupting chemicals, potentially affecting thyroid function. Smoking has been associated with PFAS levels as well as with thyroid function. The impact of smoking on the association between PFAS and thy...
Half-dried Pacific saury of Cololabis saira (HDPS) is a fatty fish of high nutritional value with remarkable consumer interest in the Asia Pacific region, however, it undergoes various deteriorative changes associated with browning, bacterial contami...
Background: Cigarette smoking is a leading cause of preventable mortality, largely due to the absence of effective, non-invasive biomarkers for early disease detection. Profiling serum metabolomics to identify metabolic changes holds the potential to...
Fermentation is one of the oldest methods to assure the safety and quality of foods, and to prolong their shelf life. However, a successful fermentation relies on the correct kinetics depending on some factors (i.e., ingredients, preservatives, tempe...
We investigated whether cigarette smoking and dietary acid load (DAL) are associated with a risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in healthy, middle-aged Korean men. Healthy men without diagnosed chronic disease (aged 40–64 years...
The inherent flammability and toxic smoke emission of epoxy resins (EPs) pose significant challenges to their advanced engineering applications. To address this limitation, we developed a novel flame-retardant additive through the organic modificatio...
Cigarette smoking is the main cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. The present study was aimed to explore the chemopreventive effect of ursolic acid (UA) on these diseases. In the CSE treated normal human bronchial epitheli...
We use the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) aboard the NASA Aura satellite to determine the concentrations of the trace gases ammonia (NH3) and formic acid (HCOOH) within boreal biomass burning plumes, and present the first detection of perox...
Smoke-water (SW) and Karrikinolide1 (KAR1) release dormancy and improve seed germination in many plant species. Therefore, we tested SW (1:2500 v/v) and KAR1 (10−7 M) to break the morphological dormancy of celery cultivar (Apium graveolens L.)....
The growing demand for Ready-to-Eat (RTE) fish products increases the need for effective safety measures against Listeria monocytogenes, a pathogen associated with high fatality rates. This study evaluated the bioprotective potential of lactic acid b...
Wine made from grapes exposed to bushfire smoke can exhibit unpleasant smoky, ashy characters, which have been attributed to the presence of smoke-derived volatile phenols, in free or glycosylated forms. Here we report the uptake and glycosylation of...
Background and objectives: Mortality may increase in hypouricemia as well as inhyperuricemia. We assessed the predictive value of low serum uric acid (SUA) levels on the risk of overall mortality or a composite endpoint of death and nonfatal events....
Vitamin C status is known to be associated with several demographic and lifestyle factors. These include gender, age, ethnicity, pregnancy/lactation, body weight, smoking status and dietary habits. In the present study, our aim was to investigate the...
Taint in grapes and wine following vineyard exposure to bushfire smoke continues to challenge the financial viability of grape and wine producers worldwide. In response, researchers are studying the chemical, sensory and physiological consequences of...
The aim of present study was to check the possible association of potential parental environmental exposures and maternal supplementation intake with the risk of nonsyndromic orofacial clefting (NSOC). A retrospective study comprised 499 cases and 48...
of 14