Search Results (4,555)

Background/Objectives: Provisional restorations are essential in prosthodontic treatment, and reliable intraoral repair is clinically important during extended interim use. This in vitro study evaluated the effects of organic solvent pretreatment on surface characteristics and shear bond strength (SBS) of CAD/CAM provisional restorative materials fabricated by milling, stereolithography (SLA), and digital light processing (DLP). Methods: Three materials were assigned to five surface treatment conditions: no solvent (control), isopropyl alcohol (IPA), tetrahydrofuran (THF), acetonitrile (ACN), and pyridine (PYR). After pretreatment, separate specimens were used for surface analysis and SBS testing. Surface roughness was measured by atomic force microscopy using arithmetic mean height (S_a) and root mean square height (S_q), and surface morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For SBS testing, specimens were repaired using a universal adhesive and a flowable resin composite, followed by failure mode analysis. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test (α = 0.05). Results: Material type, solvent treatment, and their interaction significantly affected SBS, S_a, and S_q. The DLP material showed the highest SBS overall, with no significant differences among treatments. In the SLA material, ACN resulted in the lowest SBS, whereas PYR showed the highest mean value. In the milled material, THF, ACN, and PYR produced significantly higher SBS than the control and IPA groups. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the effect of organic solvent pretreatment on repair performance was substrate-dependent. Full article

Background/Objectives: Oral mucositis (OM) is a common complication in laryngeal cancer (LC), during radiotherapy (RT), significantly affecting patient outcomes. Identifying sensitive biomarkers to predict OM severity is therefore crucial. MicroRNAs, which regulate inflammatory pathways involved in OM, are promising candidates. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate plasma miRNA-548L as a predictive biomarker for the occurrence and severity of OM in LC patients undergoing RT. Methods: The expression levels of the selected miRNAs were analyzed in plasma samples obtained from 76 LC patients prior to the initiation of RT. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify molecular pathways regulated by miRNA-548L and their potential link to the pathogenesis of OM. Results: Significantly decreased levels of the studied miRNA were observed in the plasma of LC patients who developed severe OM after the IV^th (p < 0.001), V^th (p = 0.039), VI^th (p < 0.001), and VII^th (p < 0.001) cycles of RT. Additionally, the expression of miRNA-548L enabled reliable differentiation between patients who developed severe OM during the IV^th (AUC = 0.81, p < 0.001), V^th (AUC = 0.77, p < 0.001), VI^th (AUC = 0.82, p < 0.001), and VII^th (AUC = 0.86, p < 0.001) weeks of treatment. Importantly, lower expression of miRNA-548L (HR = 3.12; p = 0.010) was significantly associated with shorter median overall survival (OS). Conclusions: Pretreatment plasma miRNA-548L shows potential as a biomarker for predicting severe OM in LC patients undergoing RT. Notably, reduced miRNA-548L expression is associated with shorter OS and may help stratify patients by OM severity. Full article

The red mud generated during the alumina production process is a highly alkaline solid waste, with a global stockpile exceeding 4 billion tons. Reducing red mud at the source and enhancing its comprehensive utilization are significant global challenges. Herein, we propose a pre-treatment method utilizing co-roasting of bamboo powder and diaspore bauxite. Characterization techniques, including XRD, SEM-EDS, and TESCAN Integrated Mineral Analyzer (TIMA), have demonstrated that roasting modifies the composition and structure of the bauxite. After roasting, diaspore undergoes dehydroxylation and transforms into alumina, while hematite is transformed into magnetite by reducing gases such as CO and CH₄ produced from the pyrolysis of bamboo powder. Simultaneously, the roasting process created cracks in the alumina, resulting in an increased specific surface area and leaching rate of alumina. Under the optimal roasting conditions (diaspore bauxite to bamboo powder ratio of 30:1, 650 °C, 25 min), the roasted bauxite can be subjected to Bayer digestion at 260 °C with the addition of 4% calcium oxide, achieving a relative leaching rate of alumina of 98.8% and reducing red mud production by 17.3% at the source. Magnetic separation enabled the recovery of iron resources from red mud, with the iron concentrate obtained exhibiting a grade of 58.8% and an iron recovery rate of 85.6%, and the final red mud production was reduced by 63.6%, which is beneficial to the sustainable development of the alumina industry. Full article

Background/Objectives: To investigate the scleral inferior rectus–optic nerve distance (SIROND) and its association with intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation during upward gaze in patients with thyroid eye disease (TED), based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. Methods: This prospective study included 20 eyes (13 patients) diagnosed with active TED. All patients underwent orbital MRI in both primary and upward gaze positions before and 6 months after steroid pulse therapy. The SIROND was measured on MRI. IOP was recorded in both gazes. Changes in SIROND, inferior rectus (IR) muscle volume, proptosis, optic disc and scleral morphology, and IOP were analyzed pre- and post-treatment. Results: SIROND significantly decreased from primary gaze to upward gaze both before and after treatment (p < 0.001). Following steroid pulse therapy, there were significant reductions in IR muscle volume and proptosis (p < 0.05). Correspondingly, SIROND significantly increased in both primary and more in upward gaze post-treatment (p < 0.05). Although IOP during upward gaze was significantly higher than that in primary gaze both before and after treatment (p < 0.001), the gaze-related difference in IOP (p = 0.059), as well as SIROND, tended to be smaller after treatment (p < 0.001). A larger reduction in gaze-related pre-treatment SIROND was associated with greater IOP elevation in upward gaze (p = 0.038). MRI showed no evidence of globe compression by the IR muscle, and optic disc morphology remained unchanged following treatment. Conclusions: SIROND may serve as supportive radiological evidence for IOP elevation induced by upward gaze in patients with TED. Full article

Background: A substantial proportion of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) derive limited clinical benefit from immunotherapy. Monitoring of peripheral blood immune markers (PBIMs) may emerge as a useful tool to predict treatment outcomes with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Patients/Methods: We prospectively measured several PBIMs in a PD-L1 high (TPS ≥ 50%) NSCLC cohort of patients treated with first-line pembrolizumab monotherapy. Kinetics over the first year of treatment were assessed at baseline (T0) and at 21 days (T1), 3 months (T2), 6 months (T3) and at 1 year (T4) post-treatment initiation. Associations with clinical outcomes were explored after a 2-year follow-up period. Results: In total, 31 patients with PD-L1 high locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC were prospectively enrolled. Over the first year of treatment, levels of CRP, IL-17α, IL-6, and IL-8 were significantly decreased. Early kinetics analysis showed significant decrease in total leukocytes, neutrophils, CRP, and MIP-3α/CCL20, as well as significant transient elevation of ITAC/CXCL11, IL-1β, IL-7, and TNFα, during the first 3 months of treatment. Early percent changes (Δ% at T1 and at T2) of ‘low’ vs. ‘high’ pretreatment levels showed significant differences for LDH, ITAC/CXCL11, GM-CSF, MIP-1α/CCL3, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, and sPD-L1. Longitudinal analysis, stratified per responders and for pre-progression fluctuations, did not reveal significant findings. Among markers with acceptable discriminative performance, higher baseline CRP, complement C4, and IL-6 levels were associated with poorer clinical outcomes. In multivariable analysis, only C4 retained independent prognostic significance; however, integration of these PBIMs into composite indices improved prognostic performance. Conclusions: In this prospective study, longitudinal monitoring of PBIMs provided descriptive insights into immune and inflammatory dynamics during pembrolizumab treatment; however, no significant associations were observed between in-treatment biomarker kinetics and clinical outcomes. In exploratory analyses, baseline CRP, complement C4, and IL-6 levels were associated with clinical outcomes, and their integration into composite indices improved prognostic performance. These findings suggest that specific baseline PBIMs may carry prognostic relevance, while the role of in-treatment monitoring remains to be further clarified in larger prospective studies. Full article

Background: Christensenella minuta (C. minuta) is a promising next-generation probiotic linked to reduced body weight, inhibition of obesogenic processes, and enhanced metabolic profiles. However, the extent and persistence of these effects, particularly under varying dietary conditions, remain uncertain. Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of intrarectal administration of C. minuta on body weight regulation in vivo under different dietary patterns, with or without antibiotic pretreatment, both during the intervention and over the long term. Particular emphasis was placed on exploring the interactions between C. minuta supplementation, dietary background, caloric intake, and body weight gain. Methods: A total of 180 CD1 mice (both sexes equally) were allocated into nine experimental groups based on diet, with and without C. minuta supplementation, and with and without antibiotic pretreatment. The bacterial suspension was administered intrarectally once a week for three consecutive weeks in the treatment groups. Body weight was monitored weekly, and food intake was recorded biweekly over the 12-week study period. Visceral fat mass was measured postmortem. Results: Groups treated with C. minuta with antibiotic pretreatment exhibited significantly lower body weight gain than the control groups during the intervention phase in both sexes, irrespective of caloric intake and dietary pattern, indicating that the reduced weight gain was attributable to the effect of C. minuta. Regarding long-term effects following the cessation of administration, sexual dimorphism was observed: while no lasting impact was found in males, the body weight gain inhibiting effect of C. minuta treatment persisted in females. Furthermore, females treated with C. minuta exhibited the lowest levels of visceral fat among all groups. Caloric intake was not significantly associated with body weight gain at any time point in this study. Conclusions: C. minuta exerts a transient, caloric intake-independent inhibitory effect on body weight gain. The absence of sustained effects highlights the necessity for continuous or optimized administration protocols to ensure the attainment of long-term benefits in the future. The results of this study support the hypothesis that C. minuta can act as a modulator of host metabolism and body composition, underscoring the significance of treatment duration in this process. Full article

Background and Objectives: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) may influence pelvic orientation and lower-limb alignment; however, data on coronal lower-limb alignment after completion of spinal treatment remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate lower-limb radiographic alignment in AIS patients after spinal treatment and to determine whether these parameters differ according to main curve location. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 70 AIS patients treated surgically (n = 52) or with brace therapy (n = 18) between 2010 and 2020 were analyzed. Patients were grouped according to main curve location as thoracic (n = 28), lumbar (n = 21), or thoracolumbar (n = 21). Pre-treatment standing full-spine radiographs were used to assess Cobb angle, coronal balance, and pelvic coronal obliquity angle (PCOA). After completion of spinal treatment, full-length weight-bearing lower-limb radiographs were evaluated for femoral and tibial lengths, mechanical axis deviation (MAD), femoral neck–shaft angle (NSA), anatomical lateral distal femoral angle (aLDFA), and mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA). Additional treatment-stratified, treatment-adjusted, and threshold-based analyses were performed. Results: PCOA, coronal balance, bilateral MAD, right aLDFA, and right mLDFA differed significantly among the three curve-location groups. The lumbar group demonstrated more negative MAD values than the thoracic group, indicating a tendency toward valgus alignment (right MAD: −5.88 ± 8.8 mm vs. 3.65 ± 7.9 mm, p = 0.004; left MAD: −3.5 ± 7.5 mm vs. 3.75 ± 7.0 mm, p = 0.005). After adjustment for treatment modality, age, and main Cobb angle, curve location remained significantly associated with right MAD, left MAD, right aLDFA, and right mLDFA. However, the proportion of patients with clinically relevant malalignment, defined as MAD exceeding ±10 mm in at least one limb, did not differ significantly among the groups. Conclusions: AIS patients show subtle but measurable differences in coronal lower-limb alignment after completion of spinal treatment. Lumbar and thoracolumbar curves are associated with greater pelvic obliquity and a tendency toward more valgus mechanical-axis alignment, whereas limb lengths and NSA remain comparable among curve-location groups. These findings appear to represent mainly radiographic or biomechanical variations rather than overt clinically relevant deformity in most patients. Full article

This study presents a sustainable approach for processing low-grade lithium-bearing aluminosilicate ores via carbothermic treatment with selective lithium stabilization in the slag phase. The proposed method is based on controlled phase transformations that suppress lithium volatilization and promote its retention in the condensed phases. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that lithium volatilization is unfavorable within a defined temperature window, enabling its stabilization in the slag. Experimental smelting, conducted at 1550–1600 °C with the addition of an iron-bearing component, resulted in the selective reduction of silicon and aluminum into a ferro silicon aluminum alloy, while lithium was efficiently concentrated in the slag phase. Lithium recovery to the slag reached up to 94%, with losses to the gas phase below 6%, demonstrating a significant reduction in volatilization compared to conventional high-temperature processes. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that lithium is predominantly immobilized in the form of LiAlSiO₄ (pseudo-eucryptite), which enhances the chemical reactivity of the slag. From a sustainability perspective, the proposed process enables efficient utilization of low-grade lithium resources, minimizes lithium losses, and eliminates the need for energy-intensive pre-treatment steps such as roasting or vacuum processing. The resulting lithium-bearing slag represents a reactive intermediate suitable for subsequent hydrometallurgical extraction, enabling an integrated and resource-efficient process route. The results demonstrate that phase-controlled carbothermic processing is a viable and sustainable strategy for lithium recovery from low-grade aluminosilicate ores. Full article

Given the depletion of conventional oil and gas resources, oil shale represents a promising alternative source of hydrocarbons that can be recovered through pyrolysis. This study examines the thermal decomposition of raw oil shale from the Tarfaya deposit and its decarbonized concentrate, studied by thermogravimetric analysis at different heating rates (5, 10, 20 and 40 °C/min). Pretreatment with acetic acid enabled the selective removal of calcite, confirmed by elemental, XRF, and XRD analyses, which revealed a relative enrichment in silica and dolomite in the oil shale concentrate. Pyrolysis of the raw shale occurs primarily between 300 and 500 °C, with a conversion rate of approximately 30%. In contrast, for the oil shale concentrate, the pyrolysis process begins at a relatively low temperature, within a wider temperature range (260–520 °C). Kinetic analysis based on Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) methods shows that at a conversion rate of 60%, the activation energy achieves 14.09 kJ/mol and 10.78 kJ/mol, respectively. The results indicate that the selective removal of calcite by acetic acid treatment facilitates kerogen pyrolysis by reducing mineral–organic interactions. Indeed, calcite dilutes the reactive organic fraction and can act as a physical barrier limiting heat and mass transfer within the oil shale. Its removal improves, on the one hand, the accessibility of kerogen to thermal cracking and promotes its decomposition, and on the other hand, reduces the amount of residue after pyrolysis. In addition, the kinetic analysis based on Criado master curves reveals changes in the reaction mechanism after decarbonation treatment depending on the heating rate (β). A shift from a two-dimensional Avrami–Erofeev model (A2) to a three-dimensional model (A3) was observed at a low heating rate (β = 5 °C/min), suggesting a change in nucleation and growth dynamics during kerogen decomposition. At high heating rates (10, 20 and 40 °C/min), the thermal decomposition of kerogen combines several reaction mechanisms depending on the temperature range considered. Full article

Background: Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) is characterized by refractory nasal polyps and severely impaired mucociliary clearance (MCC). The molecular mechanisms underlying the modulation of mucociliogenesis following IL-4/13 blockade with dupilumab remain poorly understood, notwithstanding its proven clinical efficacy. Methods: Bulk RNA Barcoding and sequencing (BRB-seq) was performed on nasal polyp tissues collected from healthy controls (n = 6), patients with non-ECRS (n = 8), and patients with ECRS both before and four weeks after dupilumab treatment (n = 9) to identify the early molecular drivers underlying ciliary regeneration. Comprehensive gene-set scoring systems were developed to evaluate multiciliogenesis master regulators, master regulators of core/ciliary planar cell polarity (PCP) and PCP components. Interaction scores for epithelial-derived cytokines—thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), IL-25, and IL-33—were calculated based on ligand and cognate receptor subunit expression. Results: The ciliary master regulatory hierarchy (e.g., FOXJ1, RFX2/3), PCP components (CELSR1 and the ciliogenesis and planar polarity effector (CPLANE) module: FUZ, INTU, WDPCP), and structural ciliogenesis pathways were robustly restored following IL-4/13 blockade. The TSLP interaction score correlated with global mucosal damage, serving as a trigger for compensatory multiciliogenesis. The pre-treatment IL-33 interaction score emerged as a significant predictor of transcriptomic ciliary recovery (p < 0.05). DNASE1L3—the primary endonuclease for degrading eosinophilic extracellular traps (EETs)—remained persistently downregulated post-treatment. Conclusions: IL-4/13 blockade successfully restores the structural and directional “hardware” of the respiratory epithelium but fails to rectify the enzymatic “software” required for mucus degradation. This “residual molecular scar” may explain the persistent mucus hyperviscosity observed in some ECRS patients even after clinical polyp resolution. Full article

Background/Objectives: Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) relies on the selective delivery of boron-10 to tumor cells. Although 4-[¹⁰B]borono-L-phenylalanine (BPA) is currently the only clinically approved BNCT agent, it is limited by poor L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1)/LAT2 selectivity and aqueous solubility. We previously developed 3-borono-5-fluoro-α-methyl-L-phenylalanine (5F-αMe-3BPA), a novel BPA derivative designed to be a LAT1-targeted BNCT/positron emission tomography theranostic agent. This study comprehensively characterizes its pharmacological profile and explores its pharmacokinetic optimization by modulating renal organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1). Methods: Transport kinetics of BPA, related analogs, and 5F-αMe-3BPA were analyzed in HEK293 cells stably expressing LAT1 or LAT2 using Michaelis–Menten analysis. Time-dependent cellular uptake and intracellular retention of BPA and 5F-αMe-3BPA were evaluated in T3M-4 pancreatic cancer cells with or without the LAT1 inhibitor JPH203. In vivo biodistribution was examined in T3M-4 tumor-bearing mice after intravenous administration of 5F-αMe-3BPA or BPA, with assessment of probenecid pretreatment. Results: 5F-αMe-3BPA retained LAT1 affinity comparable to that of BPA while showing markedly reduced LAT2-mediated transport, indicating improved LAT1/LAT2 selectivity. In T3M-4 cells, 5F-αMe-3BPA showed stronger LAT1 dependence, higher steady-state accumulation, and better intracellular retention than BPA under amino acid-containing conditions. Although 5F-αMe-3BPA achieved favorable tumor-to-plasma and tumor-to-muscle ratios in vivo, it was rapidly cleared from circulation. Probenecid pretreatment increased plasma exposure, reduced early renal accumulation, and significantly enhanced tumor boron accumulation, reaching approximately twofold higher levels than control. Conclusions: These findings establish 5F-αMe-3BPA as a highly LAT1-selective BNCT candidate and identify probenecid pretreatment as a clinically translatable pharmacokinetic strategy for maximizing therapeutic boron delivery. Full article

(1) Background: Glyphosate (GLY) and glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are widely used agrochemicals. Experimental studies have reported oxidative stress, inflammatory activation, mitochondrial impairment, endocrine-related effects, and organ injury following GLY/GBH exposure; however, candidate mitigation approaches have not been comprehensively summarized across experimental systems. (2) Methods: This structured narrative review followed SANRA recommendations. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were searched (January 2004–January 2026). In total, 37 experimental studies met the inclusion criteria, describing 23 compounds categorized as vitamins, antioxidants, or enzyme modulators, dietary supplements, plant extracts, humic substances, hormonal modulators, and other natural compounds. (3) Results: Across models, reported protective effects most consistently involved attenuation of oxidative damage, including reductions in lipid peroxidation, oxidative DNA damage markers, and partial restoration of endogenous antioxidant defenses. Several interventions also modulated inflammatory signaling, apoptosis-associated markers, and stress response signaling. Protective effects were generally dose-dependent and more frequently observed in pre-treatment or co-exposure paradigms; complete normalization of outcomes was uncommon. Interpretation across studies was limited by heterogeneity in exposure conditions, test systems, endpoints, and, critically, by differences between pure GLY and GBHs. (4) Conclusions: Experimental evidence supports the mechanistic plausibility of antioxidant and stress response modulation as candidate approaches to mitigate GLY/GBH-induced toxicity. However, substantial methodological variability, frequent use of high-dose or non-representative exposure paradigms, and the absence of human interventional data limit translational relevance. Future studies should prioritize standardized, formulation-specific designs with exposure scenarios aligned to real-world conditions and include systematic safety assessment of proposed interventions. Full article

Background/Objectives: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dopaminergic neuronal loss, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Although levodopa (L-Dopa) remains the main symptomatic treatment, prolonged administration can lead to adverse effects. Safranal, a bioactive constituent of Crocus sativus, has antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. This study evaluated the neuroprotective potential of L-Dopa and safranal, individually and in combination, in an in vitro cell-culture PD model. Methods: SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells were treated with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, 50 µM) to induce cytotoxicity. Cells were pretreated with L-Dopa (5–500 µM) and safranal (1–500 µM and 1–5 mM) for 4 or 24 h. Cell viability was assessed using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), caspase-3/7 activity, and autophagy markers were also evaluated. Synergy was analyzed using Combination Index (CI) analysis. Furthermore, mRNA levels of circadian rhythm associated genes were also evaluated. Results: 6-OHDA significantly impaired cell viability and mitochondrial function. Pretreatment with low doses of L-Dopa and safranal partially improved cell viability and reduced apoptosis and showed a tendency to decrease autophagy-associated marker levels. Higher L-Dopa concentrations caused mild cytotoxicity, while high-dose safranal exhibited pronounced concentration-dependent toxicity. CI analysis confirmed synergistic interaction between both drugs in mitigating 6-OHDA-induced toxicity. Combined treatment markedly improved cell survival preserved mitochondrial function, and reduced caspase-3/7 activity compared with monotherapy. A significant increase in the mRNA levels of Per1, Clock, Bmal1 and Cry1 genes was observed in groups treated with L-Dopa and safranal together. Conclusions: L-Dopa and safranal exerted concentration-dependent neuroprotective effects in SH-SY5Y cells. Their combination enhanced cytoprotection, which was associated with modulation of mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy-related responses. Full article

Background and Objectives: Although perioperative FLOT improves outcomes in locally advanced gastric cancer, postoperative recurrence remains frequent. This study evaluated the prognostic value of a PET-derived SUVmax/albumin ratio integrating tumor metabolism and nutritional status in patients treated with neoadjuvant FLOT. Materials and Methods: This retrospective single-center study included patients with gastric adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant FLOT followed by curative gastrectomy between January 2017 and May 2025, using data obtained from existing medical records after ethical approval. Pre-treatment SUVmax from ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT and serum albumin were recorded to calculate the SUVmax/albumin ratio. Progression-free survival (PFS) was the primary endpoint. Prognostic factors were analyzed using Cox regression, and discriminatory performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: A total of 104 patients were included. During a median follow-up of 28 months (IQR, 16–46 months), 46 patients (44.2%) developed recurrence. Patients with recurrence had significantly lower serum albumin levels and higher PET SUVmax values and PET SUVmax/albumin ratios (all p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, the PET SUVmax/albumin ratio remained significantly associated with PFS (HR 1.71; 95% CI 1.33–2.21; p < 0.001). ROC analysis demonstrated moderate discriminatory performance (AUC 0.733; 95% CI 0.638–0.815), while additional time-dependent ROC analyses yielded AUC values of 0.732 (95% CI 0.611–0.836) at 1 year and 0.829 (95% CI 0.694–0.947) at 3 years. Exploratory comparative analyses demonstrated that both PET SUVmax and serum albumin retained statistical significance when evaluated simultaneously in the same multivariable model. Conclusions: The pre-treatment PET SUVmax/albumin ratio was significantly associated with PFS in patients with gastric cancer treated with neoadjuvant FLOT and may represent an exploratory composite prognostic biomarker requiring further prospective validation. Full article

Background: Tooth extraction (TE) after chemoradiotherapy is common in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC), yet its determinants remain unclear. We evaluated the association between the Comprehensive Repair–Inflammation Index (CRII), reflecting systemic inflammation and host repair capacity, and TE risk after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 354 patients with LA-NPC treated with definitive CCRT. The primary endpoint was post-treatment TE (none vs. ≥1). CRII was calculated from pre-treatment laboratory parameters and analyzed continuously, with a breakpoint identified via segmented regression. Logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were used. Multivariable models adjusted for clinical variables and mandibular dosimetric parameters (mean dose, V50, V60). Results: TE occurred in 70.1% of patients. CRII was significantly higher in those with TE (147.5 vs. 122.0; p < 0.001). CRII was strongly associated with TE (per 10-unit increase: OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.34–1.66; p < 0.001). A nonlinear relationship was observed, with a breakpoint at 145.7, above which TE rates increased markedly (90.5% vs. 58.8%; p < 0.001). CRII remained independently predictive after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.46; ≥145.7: OR 5.1; both p < 0.001). Mandibular dose parameters were not significantly associated with tooth extraction in this analysis. Conclusions: CRII independently predicts post-CCRT TE with a nonlinear risk pattern, highlighting the potential contribution of systemic host-related factors alongside conventional dosimetric parameters. Full article