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Search Results (812)

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Keywords = participation inequality

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22 pages, 338 KiB  
Article
Configuration of Subjectivities and the Application of Neoliberal Economic Policies in Medellin, Colombia
by Juan David Villa-Gómez, Juan F. Mejia-Giraldo, Mariana Gutiérrez-Peña and Alexandra Novozhenina
Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(8), 482; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14080482 - 5 Aug 2025
Abstract
(1) Background: This article aims to understand the forms and elements through which the inhabitants of the city of Medellin have configured their subjectivity in the context of the application of neoliberal policies in the last two decades. In this way, we can [...] Read more.
(1) Background: This article aims to understand the forms and elements through which the inhabitants of the city of Medellin have configured their subjectivity in the context of the application of neoliberal policies in the last two decades. In this way, we can approach the frameworks of understanding that constitute a fundamental part of the individuation processes in which the incorporation of their subjectivities is evidenced in neoliberal contexts that, in the historical process, have been converging with authoritarian, antidemocratic and neoconservative elements. (2) Method: A qualitative approach with a hermeneutic-interpretative paradigm was used. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 41 inhabitants of Medellín who were politically identified with right-wing or center-right positions. Data analysis included thematic coding to identify patterns of thought and points of view. (3) Results: Participants associate success with individual effort and see state intervention as an obstacle to development. They reject redistributive policies, arguing that they generate dependency. In addition, they justify authoritarian models of government in the name of security and progress, from a moral superiority, which is related to a negative and stigmatizing perception of progressive sectors and a negative view of the social rule of law and public policies with social sense. (4) Conclusions: The naturalization of merit as a guiding principle, the perception of themselves as morally superior based on religious values that grant a subjective place of certainty and goodness; the criminalization of expressions of political leftism, mobilizations and redistributive reforms and support for policies that establish authoritarianism and perpetuate exclusion and structural inequalities, closes roads to a participatory democracy that enables social and economic transformations. Full article
11 pages, 226 KiB  
Entry
Gender and Digital Technologies
by Eduarda Ferreira and Maria João Silva
Encyclopedia 2025, 5(3), 111; https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia5030111 - 31 Jul 2025
Viewed by 223
Definition
This entry explores the multifaceted intersections of gender and digital technologies, offering a comprehensive analysis of how structural inequalities are reproduced, contested, and transformed in digital contexts. It is structured into six interrelated sections that collectively address key dimensions of gendered digital contexts. [...] Read more.
This entry explores the multifaceted intersections of gender and digital technologies, offering a comprehensive analysis of how structural inequalities are reproduced, contested, and transformed in digital contexts. It is structured into six interrelated sections that collectively address key dimensions of gendered digital contexts. It begins by addressing the gender digital divide, particularly in the Global South, emphasizing disparities in access, literacy, and sociocultural constraints. The second section examines gendered labor in the tech industry, highlighting persistent inequalities in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education, employment, and platform-based work. The third part focuses on gender representation in digital spaces, revealing how algorithmic and platform design perpetuate biases. The fourth section discusses gender bias in AI and disinformation, underscoring the systemic nature of digital inequalities. This is followed by an analysis of online gender-based violence, particularly its impact on marginalized communities and participation in digital life. The final section considers the potentials and limitations of digital activism in advancing gender justice. These sections collectively argue for an intersectional, inclusive, and justice-oriented approach to technology policy and design, calling for coordinated global efforts to create equitable digital futures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Collection Encyclopedia of Social Sciences)
21 pages, 741 KiB  
Article
Partnering Contracts and Conflict Levels in Norwegian Construction Projects
by Omar K. Sabri and Haakon Nygaard Kristiansen
Buildings 2025, 15(15), 2676; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15152676 - 29 Jul 2025
Viewed by 186
Abstract
The Norwegian construction sector has long struggled with conflict, particularly in large-scale and complex projects, where adversarial practices, rigid procurement systems, and insufficient early collaboration are common. This study explores how partnering contracts, which are collaborative delivery models designed to align stakeholder interests, [...] Read more.
The Norwegian construction sector has long struggled with conflict, particularly in large-scale and complex projects, where adversarial practices, rigid procurement systems, and insufficient early collaboration are common. This study explores how partnering contracts, which are collaborative delivery models designed to align stakeholder interests, affect conflict dynamics in real-world settings. Employing a mixed-methods approach, it combines semi-structured interviews with 21 experienced Norwegian construction professionals and a structured survey of 33 industry experts. The findings reveal that partnering can foster trust, improve communication, and reduce adversarial behavior through mechanisms such as early contractor involvement, joint goal setting, and open dialogue. However, participants also identified critical risks: superficial collaboration rituals, ambiguous roles, and unresolved structural inequalities that can exacerbate tensions. Importantly, the study emphasizes that partnering success depends less on the contract itself and more on cultural alignment, stakeholder competence, and long-term relational commitment. These insights contribute to a more nuanced understanding of how collaborative contracting influences conflict mitigation in the Norwegian construction sector. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Construction Management, and Computers & Digitization)
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19 pages, 305 KiB  
Article
Gender Inequalities and Precarious Work–Life Balance in Italian Academia: Emergency Remote Work and Organizational Change During the COVID-19 Lockdown
by Annalisa Dordoni
Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(8), 471; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14080471 - 29 Jul 2025
Viewed by 294
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed and intensified structural tensions surrounding work−life balance, precarity, and gender inequalities in academia. This paper examines the spatial, temporal, and emotional disruptions experienced by early-career and precarious researchers in Italy during the first national lockdown (March–April 2020) and [...] Read more.
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed and intensified structural tensions surrounding work−life balance, precarity, and gender inequalities in academia. This paper examines the spatial, temporal, and emotional disruptions experienced by early-career and precarious researchers in Italy during the first national lockdown (March–April 2020) and their engagement in remote academic work. Adopting an exploratory and qualitative approach, the study draws on ten narrative video interviews and thirty participant-generated images to investigate how structural dimensions—such as gender, class, caregiving responsibilities, and the organizational culture of the neoliberal university—shaped these lived experiences. The findings highlight the implosion of boundaries between paid work, care, family life, and personal space and how this disarticulation exacerbated existing inequalities, particularly for women and caregivers. By interpreting both visual and narrative data through a sociological lens on gender, work, and organizations, the paper contributes to current debates on the transformation of academic labor and the reshaping of temporal work regimes through the everyday use of digital technologies in contemporary neoliberal capitalism. It challenges the individualization of discourses on productivity and flexibility and calls for gender-sensitive, structurally informed policies that support equitable and sustainable transitions in work and family life, in line with European policy frameworks. Full article
22 pages, 3476 KiB  
Article
Digital Inequality and Smart Inclusion: A Socio-Spatial Perspective from the Region of Xanthi, Greece
by Kyriaki Kourtidou, Yannis Frangopoulos, Asimenia Salepaki and Dimitris Kourkouridis
Smart Cities 2025, 8(4), 123; https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities8040123 - 28 Jul 2025
Viewed by 344
Abstract
This study explores digital inequality as a socio-spatial phenomenon within the context of smart inclusion, focusing on the Regional Unit of Xanthi, Greece—a region marked by ethno-cultural diversity and pronounced urban–rural contrasts. Using a mixed-methods design, this research integrates secondary quantitative data with [...] Read more.
This study explores digital inequality as a socio-spatial phenomenon within the context of smart inclusion, focusing on the Regional Unit of Xanthi, Greece—a region marked by ethno-cultural diversity and pronounced urban–rural contrasts. Using a mixed-methods design, this research integrates secondary quantitative data with qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews, aiming to uncover how spatial, demographic, and cultural variables shape digital engagement. Geographic Information System (GIS) tools are employed to map disparities in internet access and ICT infrastructure, revealing significant gaps linked to geography, education, and economic status. The findings demonstrate that digital inequality is particularly acute in rural, minority, and economically marginalized communities, where limited infrastructure intersects with low digital literacy and socio-economic disadvantage. Interview data further illuminate how residents navigate exclusion, emphasizing generational divides, perceptions of technology, and place-based constraints. By bridging spatial analysis with lived experience, this study advances the conceptualization of digitally inclusive smart regions. It offers policy-relevant insights into how territorial inequality undermines the goals of smart development and proposes context-sensitive interventions to promote equitable digital participation. The case of Xanthi underscores the importance of integrating spatial justice into smart city and regional planning agendas. Full article
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17 pages, 274 KiB  
Article
“I Shouldn’t Have to Drive to the Suburbs”: Grocery Store Access, Transportation, and Food Security in Detroit During the COVID-19 Pandemic
by Aeneas O. Koosis, Alex B. Hill, Megan Whaley and Alyssa W. Beavers
Nutrients 2025, 17(15), 2441; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17152441 - 26 Jul 2025
Viewed by 295
Abstract
Objective: To explore the relationship between type of grocery store used (chain vs. independent), transportation access, food insecurity, and fruit and vegetable intake in Detroit, Michigan, USA, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from December 2021 to May [...] Read more.
Objective: To explore the relationship between type of grocery store used (chain vs. independent), transportation access, food insecurity, and fruit and vegetable intake in Detroit, Michigan, USA, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from December 2021 to May 2022. Setting: Detroit, Michigan. Participants: 656 Detroit residents aged 18 and older. Results: Bivariate analyses showed that chain grocery store shoppers reported significantly greater fruit and vegetable intake (2.42 vs. 2.14 times/day for independent grocery store shoppers, p < 0.001) and lower rates of food insecurity compared to independent store shoppers (45.9% vs. 65.3% for independent grocery store shoppers, p < 0.001). Fewer independent store shoppers used their own vehicle (52.9% vs. 76.2% for chain store shoppers, p < 0.001). After adjusting for socioeconomic and demographic variables transportation access was strongly associated with increased odds of shopping at chain stores (OR = 1.89, 95% CI [1.21,2.95], p = 0.005) but food insecurity was no longer associated with grocery store type. Shopping at chain grocery stores was associated with higher fruit and vegetable intake after adjusting for covariates (1.18 times more per day, p = 0.042). Qualitative responses highlighted systemic barriers, including poor food quality, high costs, and limited transportation options, exacerbating food access inequities. Conclusions: These disparities underscore the need for targeted interventions to improve transportation options and support food security in vulnerable populations, particularly in urban areas like Detroit. Addressing these structural challenges is essential for reducing food insecurity and promoting equitable access to nutritious foods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition and Public Health)
23 pages, 372 KiB  
Review
What Does Digital Well-Being Mean for School Development? A Theoretical Review with Perspectives on Digital Inequality
by Philipp Michael Weber, Rudolf Kammerl and Mandy Schiefner-Rohs
Educ. Sci. 2025, 15(8), 948; https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15080948 - 23 Jul 2025
Viewed by 419
Abstract
As digital transformation progresses, schools are increasingly confronted with psychosocial challenges such as technostress, digital overload, and unequal participation in digital (learning) environments. This article investigates the conceptual relevance of digital well-being for school development, particularly in relation to social inequality. Despite growing [...] Read more.
As digital transformation progresses, schools are increasingly confronted with psychosocial challenges such as technostress, digital overload, and unequal participation in digital (learning) environments. This article investigates the conceptual relevance of digital well-being for school development, particularly in relation to social inequality. Despite growing attention, the term remains theoretically underdefined in educational research—a gap addressed through a theory-driven review. Drawing on a systematic search, 25 key studies were analyzed for their conceptual understanding and refinement of digital well-being, with a focus on educational relevance. Findings suggest that digital well-being constitutes a multidimensional state shaped by individual, media-related, and socio-structural factors. It emerges when individuals are able to successfully manage the demands of digital environments and is closely linked to digital inequality—particularly in terms of access, usage practices, and the resulting opportunities for participation and health promotion. Since the institutional role of schools has thus far received limited attention, this article shifts the focus toward schools as key arenas for negotiating digital norms and practices and calls for an equity-sensitive and health-conscious perspective on school development in the context of digitalization. In doing so, digital well-being is repositioned as a pedagogical cross-cutting issue that requires coordinated efforts across all levels of the education system, highlighting that equitable digital transformation in schools depends on a critical reflection of power asymmetries within society and educational institutions. The article concludes by advocating for the systematic integration of digital well-being into school development processes as a way to support inclusive digital participation and to foster a health-oriented digital school culture. Full article
14 pages, 264 KiB  
Article
Digital Divides and Educational Inclusion: Perceptions from the Educational Community in Spain
by Romy Ure-de-Oliveira and Enrique Bonilla-Algovia
Educ. Sci. 2025, 15(8), 939; https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15080939 - 22 Jul 2025
Viewed by 225
Abstract
ICT tools are fundamental for promoting educational inclusion, as they allow for flexible teaching practices adapted to the diversity of students. Their appropriate integration into teaching makes it easier to respond to different paces, styles, and needs, promoting the active and meaningful participation [...] Read more.
ICT tools are fundamental for promoting educational inclusion, as they allow for flexible teaching practices adapted to the diversity of students. Their appropriate integration into teaching makes it easier to respond to different paces, styles, and needs, promoting the active and meaningful participation of all learners. However, this inclusive potential is only fulfilled if equitable access to and use of ICT is guaranteed, both at school and at home. This qualitative study explores the digital divide in its three main dimensions: access to technology, digital skills, and the meaningful use of ICT in educational settings. Through focus groups and semi-structured interviews, the study gathers the perceptions of different members of the educational community. The sample consists of 89 participants, including teachers, students, families, and school administrators from the Communities of Madrid and Castilla-La Mancha. The results reveal a common concern about inequalities in ICT access and use, related to economic, geographical, and educational factors. These findings emphasise the need for targeted public policies to bridge digital gaps and highlight the importance of promoting digital competence across the entire educational community to achieve true educational inclusion. Full article
23 pages, 2039 KiB  
Article
Women in STEM in the Eastern Partnership: EU-Driven Initiatives and Challenges of External Europeanisation
by Gabriela-Roxana Irod, Cristian Pîrvulescu and Marian Miculescu
Societies 2025, 15(7), 204; https://doi.org/10.3390/soc15070204 - 19 Jul 2025
Viewed by 275
Abstract
This article explores the role of the European Union (EU) as a normative gender actor promoting women’s participation in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) within the Eastern Partnership (EaP) region. In a context marked by global inequality and overlapping international efforts, this [...] Read more.
This article explores the role of the European Union (EU) as a normative gender actor promoting women’s participation in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) within the Eastern Partnership (EaP) region. In a context marked by global inequality and overlapping international efforts, this paper assesses the extent to which EU-driven Europeanisation influences national gender policies in non-EU states. Using a postfunctionalist lens, this research draws on a qualitative analysis of EU-funded programmes, strategic documents, and a detailed case study encompassing Armenia, Georgia, Moldova, Ukraine, Belarus, and Azerbaijan. This study highlights both the opportunities created by EU initiatives such as Horizon Europe, Erasmus+, and regional programmes like EU4Digital and the challenges presented by political resistance, institutional inertia, and socio-cultural norms. The findings reveal that although EU interventions have fostered significant progress, structural barriers and limited national commitment hinder the long-term sustainability of gender equality in STEM. Moreover, the withdrawal of other global actors increases pressure on the EU to maintain leadership in this area. This paper concludes that without stronger national alignment and global cooperation, EU gender policies risk becoming symbolic rather than transformative. Full article
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13 pages, 839 KiB  
Perspective
Inclusion in Motion: Promoting Equitable Physical Activity and Health in Childhood and Adolescence
by Vidar Sandsaunet Ulset, Luca Oppici, Karin Hamre, James Robert Rudd, Annett Victoria Stornæs, Heidi Marian Haraldsen and Reidar Säfvenbom
Children 2025, 12(7), 942; https://doi.org/10.3390/children12070942 - 17 Jul 2025
Viewed by 291
Abstract
Inclusion in play, physical education, outdoor life, organized sports, and other movement-based activities can promote resilience and support physical, emotional, and social well-being. These arenas are particularly important for reducing health disparities and preventing social marginalization across the lifespan. Yet, children and adolescents [...] Read more.
Inclusion in play, physical education, outdoor life, organized sports, and other movement-based activities can promote resilience and support physical, emotional, and social well-being. These arenas are particularly important for reducing health disparities and preventing social marginalization across the lifespan. Yet, children and adolescents from vulnerable or disadvantaged backgrounds encounter persistent barriers to participation, rooted in broader inequalities related to their socioeconomic position, disability, gender, ethnicity, and access to supportive environments. This perspective outlines how inclusive movement contexts, when informed by developmental systems theory and resilience frameworks, can interrupt trajectories of marginalization and promote long-term equity in health, education, and work inclusion. We emphasize the need for interdisciplinary approaches, combining longitudinal and qualitative methods, to uncover how vulnerability and participation interact dynamically over time. By integrating insights from developmental science, education, public health, and spatial ecology, we identify strategic pathways for research and action. Addressing these challenges requires coordinated efforts across sectors and stakeholders to co-create inclusive, context-sensitive interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Promoting Healthy Lifestyles in Children and Adolescents)
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18 pages, 282 KiB  
Article
Understanding the Situation in Turkey Through a Gender Lens
by Ayhan Babaroğlu
Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(7), 435; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14070435 - 16 Jul 2025
Viewed by 424
Abstract
Turkey, a country with a unique blend of traditional and modern lifestyles, has made significant progress in promoting gender equality and is recognized as a pioneer in advancing women’s rights in the region. However, despite these advances, gender inequalities persist in various respects. [...] Read more.
Turkey, a country with a unique blend of traditional and modern lifestyles, has made significant progress in promoting gender equality and is recognized as a pioneer in advancing women’s rights in the region. However, despite these advances, gender inequalities persist in various respects. This study aims to examine gender perception in a Turkish sample. Employing a cross-sectional and descriptive research design, the study was conducted with 1053 literate participants aged 18 and above who volunteered. Data were collected using a Demographic Information Form and the gender perception scale. The findings suggest that gender perception in Turkey is shifting toward a more egalitarian perspective, reflecting a departure from traditional norms. Several key factors were identified as contributors to this transformation, including education level, employment status, urbanization, socio-economic background, and geographical region of residence. These variables play a critical role in shaping gender perceptions and fostering societal change. By analyzing and contextualizing the results, this study offers valuable insights into the ongoing evolution of gender norms in Turkey. It underscores the importance of continued efforts to promote gender equality and serves as a foundation for future research on the sociocultural dynamics influencing gender perceptions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Gender Studies)
19 pages, 336 KiB  
Article
The Unique Experience of Intersectional Stigma and Racism for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People Who Inject Drugs, and Its Effect on Healthcare and Harm Reduction Service Access
by Emily Pegler, Gail Garvey, Lisa Fitzgerald, Amanda Kvassay, Nik Alexander, Geoff Davey, Diane Rowling and Andrew Smirnov
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(7), 1120; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22071120 - 16 Jul 2025
Viewed by 307
Abstract
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who inject drugs face persistent health inequities, highlighting the need for programs that meet the needs of these groups. This study explored how intersectional stigma and discrimination affect Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people’s access to quality [...] Read more.
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who inject drugs face persistent health inequities, highlighting the need for programs that meet the needs of these groups. This study explored how intersectional stigma and discrimination affect Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people’s access to quality healthcare. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participants aged ≥18 years who had injected drugs within the past 12 months were recruited from two regional needle and syringe programs (NSPs) and a major city NSP in Queensland, Australia. Participants completed a structured survey and yarned with an Aboriginal researcher and non-Indigenous research assistant about their healthcare experiences. Through a process of reflexive and thematic analysis, three major qualitative themes emerged: participants’ social circumstances and mental health challenges made help-seeking difficult and complex; enacted stigma and racism diminished access to health services and the quality of care received; and injecting drug use was associated with disconnection from culture and community. Privileging the expertise and voices of those with lived/living experience is essential for the creation of culturally safe, inclusive, and destigmatising healthcare services for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who inject drugs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Substance Use Research Methods: Ethics, Culture, and Health Equity)
20 pages, 345 KiB  
Article
Collecting Data on the Social Determinants of Health to Advance Health Equity in Cancer Care in Canada: Patient and Community Perspectives
by Jacqueline L. Bender, Eryn Tong, Ekaterina An, Zhihui Amy Liu, Gilla K. Shapiro, Jonathan Avery, Alanna Chu, Christian Schulz-Quach, Sarah Hales, Alies Maybee, Ambreen Sayani, Andrew Pinto and Aisha Lofters
Curr. Oncol. 2025, 32(7), 406; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol32070406 - 16 Jul 2025
Viewed by 503
Abstract
Despite advances in cancer care, disparities persist. The collection of the social determinants of health (SDOH) is fundamental to addressing disparities. However, SDOH are inconsistently collected in many regions of the world. This two-phase multiple methods study examined patient and community perspectives regarding [...] Read more.
Despite advances in cancer care, disparities persist. The collection of the social determinants of health (SDOH) is fundamental to addressing disparities. However, SDOH are inconsistently collected in many regions of the world. This two-phase multiple methods study examined patient and community perspectives regarding SDOH data collection in Canada. In phase 1, a survey was administered to patients at a cancer centre (n = 549) to assess perspectives on an SDOH data collection tool. In phase 2, broader perspectives were sought through a community consultation with patient partners experiencing structural inequality (n = 15). Most participants were comfortable with SDOH data collection. Of survey respondents, 95% were comfortable with the collection of language, birthplace, sex, gender, education, and disability, and 82% to 94% were comfortable with SES, sexual orientation, social support, and race/ethnicity. Discomfort levels did not differ across subgroups, except women were more uncomfortable disclosing SES (OR: 2.00; 95%CI: 1.26, 3.19). Most (71%) preferred face-to-face data collection with a healthcare professional and only half were comfortable with storage of SDOH in electronic health records. Open-ended survey responses (n = 1533) and the community consultation revealed concerns about privacy, discrimination, relevance to care, and data accuracy. SDOH data collection efforts should include a clear rationale for patients, training for providers, strong data privacy and security measures, and actionable strategies to address needs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Disparities and Outcomes in Cancer Survivors)
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14 pages, 1126 KiB  
Article
The Gender Gap in Science Communication on TikTok and YouTube: How Platform Dynamics Shape the Visibility of Female Science Communicators
by Maider Eizmendi-Iraola, Simón Peña-Fernández and Jordi Morales-i-Gras
Journal. Media 2025, 6(3), 108; https://doi.org/10.3390/journalmedia6030108 - 16 Jul 2025
Viewed by 670
Abstract
Social media platforms facilitate the dissemination of science and access to it. However, gender inequalities in the participation and visibility of communicators persist. This study examined the differences in reach and audience response between YouTube and TikTok from a gender perspective. To do [...] Read more.
Social media platforms facilitate the dissemination of science and access to it. However, gender inequalities in the participation and visibility of communicators persist. This study examined the differences in reach and audience response between YouTube and TikTok from a gender perspective. To do so, the ten most influential science accounts on YouTube and TikTok were selected, with the sample divided equally between men and women, to conduct a comparative study. A total of 4293 videos on TikTok and 4825 on YouTube were analyzed, along with 277,528 comments, considering metrics of views and interaction. The results show that on YouTube, men received more likes and views, while on TikTok, audience response was more balanced. The participation of women on both platforms also had a differential impact, as the number of women engaging with content on YouTube negatively correlated with interaction levels, whereas on TikTok, their impact was slightly positive. In conclusion, TikTok emerges as a more inclusive space for scientific communication, though structural challenges remain on both platforms, encouraging further research into strategies that promote gender equity in online science communication. Full article
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23 pages, 1666 KiB  
Article
Mapping Complexity: Refugee Students’ Participation and Retention in Education Through Community-Based System Dynamics
by Nidan Oyman Bozkurt
Systems 2025, 13(7), 574; https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13070574 - 12 Jul 2025
Viewed by 335
Abstract
Global refugee flows’ increasing scale and complexity pose significant challenges to national education systems. Turkey, hosting one of the largest populations of refugees and individuals under temporary protection, faces unique pressures in ensuring equitable educational access for refugee students. Addressing these challenges requires [...] Read more.
Global refugee flows’ increasing scale and complexity pose significant challenges to national education systems. Turkey, hosting one of the largest populations of refugees and individuals under temporary protection, faces unique pressures in ensuring equitable educational access for refugee students. Addressing these challenges requires a shift from linear, fragmented interventions toward holistic, systemic approaches. This study applies a Community-Based System Dynamics (CBSD) methodology to explore the systemic barriers affecting refugee students’ participation in education. Through structured Group Model Building workshops involving teachers, administrators, and Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) representatives, a causal loop diagram (CLD) was collaboratively developed to capture the feedback mechanisms and interdependencies sustaining educational inequalities. Five thematic subsystems emerged: language and academic integration, economic and family dynamics, psychosocial health and trauma, institutional access and legal barriers, and social cohesion and discrimination. The analysis reveals how structural constraints, social dynamics, and individual behaviors interact to perpetuate exclusion or facilitate integration. This study identifies critical feedback loops and leverage points and provides actionable insights for policymakers and practitioners seeking to design sustainable, systems-informed interventions. Our findings emphasize the importance of participatory modeling in addressing complex societal challenges and contribute to advancing systems thinking in refugee education. Full article
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