When the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic spread globally, wearing face masks in public became one of the most effective protective measures. Subsequently, due to the increasing demand for face masks, researchers explored feasible approac...
For the method of focused ion beam (FIB) milling to fabricate lithium tantalate (LiTaO3) metasurfaces, the use of a Cr-Pt mask can enhance imaging contrast and enable superior drift correction. However, removing the Pt component necessitates the vola...
The aim of this study was to develop a natural nonwoven layer made of cottonized bleached flax and cotton fibers which is suitable to replace one of the three polypropylene layers of face mask type II in order to reduce non-biodegradable waste produc...
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the posterior segment of the eye provides high-resolution cross-sectional images that allow visualization of individual layers of the posterior eye tissue (the retina and choroid), facilitating the diagnosis and...
Aimed at the problem of the small wet etching depth in sapphire microstructure processing technology, a multilayer composite mask layer is proposed. The thickness of the mask layer is studied, combined with the corrosion rate of different materials o...
Silicon photonics has emerged as critical for advancing photonic integrated circuits (PICs), but waveguide losses, primarily resulting from sidewall roughness, remain a primary challenge. In this work, we demonstrate a tri-layer hard mask etching pro...
The use of facemasks is proven to mitigate the spread of the coronavirus and other biological agents that cause disease. Various forms of facemasks, made using different materials, are being used extensively, and it is important to determine their pe...
Thin transparent oxide layers are typically patterned for use in electronic products including semiconductors, displays, and solar cells for applications such as transparent electrodes, insulating films, and encapsulation films. Conventional patterni...
In this work, a masking technique was used to improve the thickness uniformity of a Mo/Si multilayer deposited on a curved spherical mirror by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering with planetary rotation stages. The clear aperture of the mirror w...
In 2020, the world is being ravaged by the coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which causes a severe respiratory disease, Covid-19. Hundreds of thousands of people have succumbed to the disease. Efforts at curing the disease are aimed at finding a vaccine and/o...
At a time of rising urbanisation and climate change, urban green spaces (UGSs) are an essential element to help adapt to extreme weather events. Especially in urban core areas, heat and drought are regarded as human stress factors. The delineation of...
There is scarce information on the colorimetric behavior of monolithic and layered zirconia crowns in combination with various abutment colors. This study evaluated the masking ability on discolored substrates of monolithic and layered zirconia crown...
The TransT object tracking algorithm, built on Transformer architecture, effectively integrates deep feature extraction with attention mechanisms, thereby enhancing the stability and accuracy of the algorithm. However, this algorithm exhibits insuffi...
Brain tumors pose significant health challenges worldwide, with glioblastoma being one of the most aggressive forms. The accurate determination of the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status is crucial for personaliz...
Image–text matching is a research hotspot in the multimodal task of integrating image and text processing. In order to solve the difficult problem of associating image and text data in the multimodal knowledge graph of Thangka, we propose an im...
Transformer-based semantic segmentation methods have achieved excellent performance in recent years. Mask2Former is one of the well-known transformer-based methods which unifies common image segmentation into a universal model. However, it performs r...
Speaker verification (SV) is a core technology for security and personalized services, and its importance has been growing with the spread of wearables such as smartwatches, earbuds, and AR/VR headsets, where privacy-preserving on-device operation un...
The knowledge tracing method based on deep learning is used to assess learners’ cognitive states, laying the foundation for personalized education. However, deep learning methods are inefficient when processing long-term series data and are pro...
Wind turbine inspections are traditionally performed by certified rope teams, a manual process that poses safety risks to personnel and leads to operational downtime, resulting in revenue loss. To address some of these challenges, this study explores...
Local anodization with a free electrolyte jet is a suitable solution for locally confined surface functionalization without additionally required preparation of the parts. However, the geometrical formation of the anodic oxide layer in jet-based anod...
The global outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to an extreme increase in the use of disposable masks. If the used disposable masks are not appropriately disposed of, they will enter the natural environment and lead to environment...
Following the 2020 COVID-19 worldwide outbreak, many countries adopted sanitary and safety measures to safeguard public health such as wearing medical face mask. While face masks became a necessity for people, disadvantages impede their long period w...
Wearing masks to protect against communicable diseases is an effective tool used in many countries affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The antibacterial activity, antibacterial efficiency, microbial purity, and breathability properties of medical disp...
To reduce skin irritation and allergic symptoms caused by long-term mask use, we produced a mask with a filter effect by laminating nanofibers on habutae silk fabric, a specialty of Japan’s Fukui Prefecture, using the electrospinning method. We...
Anisotropic etching of silicon in potassium hydroxide (KOH) is an important technology in micromachining. The residue deposition from KOH etching of Si is typically regarded as a disadvantage of this technology. In this report, we make use of this re...
The COVID-19 outbreak increased demand for personal protective respirator masks. Textile masks based on cloth materials appeared to be a sustainable, comfortable, and cost-effective alternative available in global communities. In this study, we used...
Medical face masks help to reduce the transmission of pathogens, however, the number of infections caused by antimicrobial-resistant pathogens continues to increase. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of an experimental...
In response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, current modeling supports the use of masks in community settings to reduce the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. However, concerns have been raised regarding the global shortage of medical gr...
This work investigates a self-masking technology for roughening the surface of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The carbonized photoresist with a naturally nano/micro-textured rough surface was used as a mask layer. After growing the Si3N4 passivation l...
The purpose of this article is to evaluate the accuracy of the optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurement of choroidal thickness in healthy eyes using a deep-learning method with the Mask R-CNN model. Thirty EDI-OCT of thirty patients were enroll...
This paper proposes a separation model adopting gated nested U-Net (GNU-Net) architecture, which is essentially a deeply supervised symmetric encoder–decoder network that can generate full-resolution feature maps. Through a series of nested ski...
Currently, there exists a growing demand for individual building mapping in regions of rapid urban growth in less-developed countries. Most existing methods can segment buildings but cannot discriminate adjacent buildings. Here, we present a new conv...
Face masks are widely recognized as a key intervention to limit SARS-CoV-2 transmission, yet the distribution and persistence of viral RNA across different mask regions and layers remain poorly understood. To address this, we analyzed 185 masks colle...
Currently, almost 70% of the world’s population occupies urban areas. Owing to the high population density in these regions, they are exposed to various types of air pollutants. Fine particle air pollutants (<2.5 μm) can easily invade the human re...
Video anomaly detection plays a crucial role in various fields such as surveillance, health monitoring, and industrial quality control. This research paper introduces a novel contribution to the field by presenting MaskedConv3D layers within a modifi...
The nanosphere lithography (NSL) method can be developed to deposit the Au-Ag triangle hexagonal nanoparticle arrays for the generation of localized surface plasmon resonance. Previously, we have found that the parameters used to form the NSL masks a...
In this paper, we propose a method to generate multi-depth phase-only holograms using stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm with weighted complex loss function and masked multi-layer diffraction. The 3D scene can be represented by a combination...
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, face masks have been introduced in the complex strategy of infection prevention and control. Face masks consist of plastic polymers and additives such as phthalates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the migration...
22 January 2025
Historically, the use of a face mask has been associated with personal protection during epidemics. However, the type of mask used and the way it is used can affect the level of protection it provides. To analyze the practices of using face masks in...
The Mo/Si multilayer mirror has been widely used in EUV astronomy, lithography, microscopy and other fields because of its high reflectivity at the wavelength around 13.5 nm. During the fabrication of Mo/Si multilayers on large, curved mirrors, shado...
Approved medical face masks have been shown to prevent the spread of respiratory droplets associated with coronavirus transmission in specific settings. The primary goal of this study was to develop a new strategy to assess the filtering and transmis...
Quartz is widely used in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Especially, MEMS quartz resonators are applied to sensors and serve as sensitive elements. The capability of deep etching is a limitation for the application. Presented in this paper is...
To function as source control, a fabric mask must be able to filter micro-droplets (≥5 µm) in expiratory secretions and still allow the wearer to breathe normally. This study investigated the effects of fabric structural properties on the fi...
Micro-optical gyroscopes (MOGs) place a range of components of the fiber-optic gyroscope (FOG) onto a silicon substrate, enabling miniaturization, low cost, and batch processing. MOGs require high-precision waveguide trenches fabricated on silicon in...
The identification of wear rubber balls in the rubber ball cleaning system in heat exchange equipment directly affects the descaling efficiency. For the problem that the rubber ball image contains impurities and bubbles and the segmentation is low in...
During the COVID-19 pandemic, reusable masks became ubiquitous; these masks were made from various fabrics without guidance from the research community or regulating agencies. Though reusable masks reduce the waste stream associated with disposable m...
The use of deep learning techniques in real-time monitoring can save a lot of manpower in various scenarios. For example, mask-wearing is an effective measure to prevent COVID-19 and other respiratory diseases, especially for vulnerable populations s...
This paper presents an experimental study on acoustic attenuation of different types of face masks in use by the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, measurements are performed on ten samples of masks, of which four are med...
With the COVID-19 pandemic, wearing facemasks became common. Many initiatives arose to develop new types of reusable textile masks in order to overcome a shortage of surgical masks for the health care personnel and for the civil society. Having such...
26 May 2022
This study investigates the effects of face masks on physiological and voice parameters, focusing on cyclists that perform incremental sports activity. Three healthy male subjects were monitored in a climatic chamber wearing three types of masks with...
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