This study explores the application of profile shift coefficients as a design strategy to eliminate the need for stepped planet gears in a specific type of planetary gear train, referred to as the AA gear train. By appropriately selecting gear tooth...
Verification of the system is essential during the development of a tractor; however, there are cost and time limitations when verification is performed on an actual tractor. To solve this problem, we developed a tractor model for real-time simulatio...
In this paper, energetic loss models in the events of shifting gear and starting engine in a parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle equipped with an Automated Manual Transmission (AMT) will be introduced. The optimal control algorithm for the start-stop, p...
Multi-speed transmission can greatly improve the power and economic performance of electric vehicles (EVs) compared with single-speed transmission. Gear ratio is the key design parameter of multi-speed transmission. Optimizing gear ratios can further...
In this article, the design and implementation of an electronic bicycle gear-shift with moving cassette is presented. The niche context where the needs developed is explained and the project evolution over two versions is described. Technical aspects...
This paper proposes a novel hybrid power system to improve the shift quality of a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). After selecting a typical shift scheme, the study focused on the motor rotary velocity control algorithm and coordinated control strategy...
An automatic control strategy for forward speed in the planting process is proposed to improve the fuel economy and reduce the labor intensity of drivers. Models of tractors with power-shift transmission (PST) and a precise pneumatic planter with an...
Methods used earlier for choosing profile shift coefficients were based on presumed advantages without physical proof justifying them. In this paper, a new method is proposed which guarantees a positive influence on gear failures and the operational...
Confronted with thermodynamically adverse output processes, free-energy transducers may shift to lower gears, thereby reducing output per unit input. This option is well known for inanimate machines such as automobiles, but unappreciated in biology....
The automotive industry is evolving, with software becoming a vital part of vehicles. Conventional automakers are shifting to software-centric entities, embracing over-the-air (OTA) updates and service-centric models. To move software-driven vehicles...
In smart cities, bicycle-sharing systems have become essential as last-mile transportation solutions, seamlessly integrating into urban mobility networks worldwide. To improve riding efficiency, the development of automatic gear-shifting systems for...
Traditional pure electric cars generally adopt single-speed transmission for cost consideration. However, with the renewal and iteration of technology, small electric cars are all developed in the direction of power performance and environmental prot...
The current trend in pure electric heavy-duty commercial vehicles (PEHCVs) is the increasing utilization of automated manual transmission (AMT) to optimize driveline efficiency. However, the existing gear-shift schedule of AMT fails to account for cr...
The two-speed automatic transmission can adjust the drive motor speed of electric vehicles and expand their output torque range. This study proposes a rule-based partitioned gear-shifting strategy for pure electric vehicles equipped with a two-speed...
The mode transition from electric propulsion mode to hybrid propulsion mode is important with regard to the power management strategy of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). This is because mode transitions can occur frequently depending on the...
The paper presents a model for the torsional dynamics of an automotive driveline equipped with a Dual Clutch Transmission (DCT), focusing on the gear rattle phenomenon arising during the transients of engagement and disengagement of the clutches, and...
Vehicle transmission which has discrete gear-stages inevitably produces torque drop during shifting gears. This torque drop should be minimized because it may lead to uncomfortable driving feeling and degradation of acceleration performance. In accor...
This paper proposes an adaptive shift schedule design framework based on dynamic programming (DP) algorithm and fuzzy logical control to promote the shift schedule’s adaptability whilst improving the comprehensive performance of the multi-gear...
Currently, most hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) equipped with automated mechanical transmission (AMT) are implemented with the conventional two-parameter gear shift schedule based on engineering experience. However, this approach cannot take full adv...
The modern design of mechanical parts, such as gears, goes through the continuous demand for a high level of efficiency and reliability, as well as an increased load carrying capacity and endurance life. The aim of the present paper was to perform a...
Multispeed transmissions are helpful for improvement of the economy and drivability of electric vehicles (EVs). In this paper, we propose a two-speed transmission based on dual planetary gear mechanism, in which shifts are realized by torque transfer...
This paper presents a gear shift method for the dual clutch transmission (DCT) with integrated electric motor in pure electric drive mode. In contrast to clutch-to-clutch shift in conventional DCT, a good gear shifting process relies on the coordinat...
An electrified vehicle equipped with a stepped-ratio transmission and clutch(es) requires precise control of the clutch actuator(s) and power sources to achieve optimal gear shift performance, which is characterized by smooth and swift gear shifts. O...
The great development of engine technologies can help to improve the engine characteristics and performance: a better thermal efficiency and an extending fuel economy area, which will subsequently decrease the fuel consumption and thus influence the...
This study proposes an automatic gear shift classification algorithm in M1 category vehicles using data acquired through the onboard diagnostic system (OBD II) and GPS. The proposed approach is based on the analysis of identification parameters (PIDs...
A reluctance actuator integrated into the double-sided dog clutch of a gearbox can significantly simplify the gear shifting system. However, its disadvantage is that an axial position sensor is required to shift the neutral gear. The sensor is placed...
Dog clutches are superior to synchromesh units due to much less wear caused by friction but require an external torque source to synchronize the rotation speeds. The current trend in e-mobility to use the driving motor of an electric vehicle as this...
Shift-by-wire technology enables more options concerning the design, placement and functions of gear shifters compared to traditional gear shifters with manual transmission. These variations can impact usability and driver performance. There is a lac...
This paper compares two optimal energy management methods for parallel hybrid electric vehicles using an Automatic Manual Transmission (AMT). A control-oriented model of the powertrain and vehicle dynamics is built first. The energy management is for...
This paper proposes a new rapid and straightforward method along with a related device for finding the three basic parameters of an actual external involute spur gear. The number of teeth is easily counted, but the other two parameters—the modu...
The paper proposes a rapid, straightforward, and inexpensive method for finding the basic parameters of helical gears with an involute profile. The basic parameters envisaged are the normal module, normal profile shift coefficient, and the helix angl...
The characterization of new materials for enabling gear design is definitely a fundamental objective in the gear industry and research. Single Tooth Bending Fatigue (STBF) tests can be performed to speed up this process. However, it is well known tha...
To improve the efficiency of electric vehicles (EVs), a planetary two-speed transmission is proposed, which consists of a brushless direct current (BLDC) motor, a turbo-worm reducer, two multi-disc wet brakes, and a Simpson planetary gearset. Based o...
The energy management strategy (EMS) is a core technology for improving the fuel economy of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). However, the coexistence of both discrete and continuous control variables, along with complex physical constraints in HEV po...
An automated mechanical transmission (AMT) is proposed as a new soft starter for medium-scale belt conveyors in this paper. The AMT is used to start the belt conveyor and shift gears step by step to make the belt conveyor accelerate softly. Based on...
Shift-scheduling calibration of automatic transmission (AT) vehicles is vital for both driving experience and automobile industry. Shifting schedules are usually calibrated with the consideration of fuel economy and drivability while neglecting the i...
In addition to the widely recognized benefits of reducing carbon emissions and protecting the environment, the authors believe that bus electrification has potential advantages in enhancing driving safety, improving passenger comfort, and reducing dr...
Independent gear-shifting actuation systems, which are based on linear electromagnetic actuators (LEMAs), have tremendous potential to minimize the shifting duration of automated mechanical transmission (AMT). A velocity estimator based on the measur...
To improve the driving comfort of continuously variable transmission (CVT) tractors, the shifting quality of hydrostatic power-split transmission with a standard planetary gear set was optimized. Firstly, the powertrain of the CVT and two shift strat...
The Non-Synchronizer Automated Mechanical Transmission (NSAMT) demonstrates a straightforward structure and cost-effectiveness; however, the primary obstacle to its widespread application lies in NSAMT shift control. The implementation of active angl...
To address the problem of real-time coordinated control in gear selection and power distribution for hybrid energy storage systems, an adaptive real-time optimal control strategy is proposed in this study. Firstly, a vehicle dynamics model with a hyb...
In keeping with the call of this Special Issue, this article is but one voice in the midst of a much broader conversation, attending to whether the differences between narrative and performance criticism are a matter of degree or kind. Narrative and...
Innovative wheelchair designs require new means of controlling the drive units or the propulsion transmission systems. The article proposes a signal to control the gear ratio or the amount of additional propulsion torque coming from an electric motor...
Robotic legs, such as for lower-limb exoskeletons and prostheses, have bimodal operation: (1) within a task, like for walking (high speed and low force for the swing phase and low speed and higher force when the leg bears the weight of the system); (...
Increasingly stringent pollutant emission regulations and a customer demand for a high-fuel economy drive the modern automotive industry to hurriedly solve the problem of decarbonization and powertrain efficiency, leading R&D towards alternative...
The development of energy-saving vehicles is an important measure to deal with environmental pollution and the energy crisis. On this basis, more accurate and efficient energy management strategies can further tap into the energy-saving potential and...
This study was conducted to ensure gear durability and design optimal transmission of agricultural tractors. A field test was conducted using an 86 kW agricultural tractor for plow and rotary tillage, which are typical agricultural operations. The fi...
Research on dual-clutch transmissions in agricultural tractors is on the rise. Dual-clutch transmissions provide a smooth driving experience and easy operation compared to manual transmissions, as they eliminate power interruptions. Accordingly, ther...
We have established a simulation platform for the machine–electro-hydraulic coupling system of the transmission system and the control system to study the root causes of the problems of large shifting impact and slow change of the machine tool transm...
There are two barriers to accomplishing restoration of ecosystems: insufficient information about historical baselines to guide restoration, and shifts between the actual baselines and perceptions about historical conditions. These two conditions gen...
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