In this paper, I make a case for the view that we have special relationship duties (also known as “associative duties”) that are not identical to or derived from our non-associative impartial moral obligations. I call this view “mor...
Traditionally, the purpose of directors’ duties within company law is to ensure that the powers of management given to directors are properly exercised. For instance, instead of using their managerial powers to further their personal interests...
The author discusses the status and duties of an ecclesiastical judge in processes concerning the declaration of nullity of marriage under canon law. The author addresses the requirements for candidates for the office of judge and highlights the chan...
In the political and legal debate surrounding international refugee law, moral considerations play a large and important role. It often turns out, however, that the legal ethical reflection is not rooted deep enough. At first, it is necessary to demo...
Covering a central theme in corporate law development, this paper discusses the pragmatic utility of the common-law-originated duty of loyalty of company directors in the civil law context of China. The reception of legal transplantation in a host en...
Purpose: The highlighting of how current security issues (the economic crisis at the European/global level and the military crisis in Ukraine)—seen as factors of negative influence on sustainable development at the societal level—influenc...
This paper presents a duty cycle correction scheme based on asynchronous sampling and associated settling analysis. The proposed duty cycle corrector circuit consumes less power and area compared to other corrector circuits due to the low-frequency o...
Criticism of Kant’s position on our moral relationship with animals dates back to the work of Arthur Schopenhauer and Leonard Nelson, but historically Kantian scholars have shown limited interest in the human-animal relationship as such. This situati...
The topic of gender differences in the propensity to vote has been a central theme in political behavior studies for more than seventy years. When trying to explain why the turnout gender gap has shrunk over the last few decades, some scholars have c...
This paper describes the results from Annex XII “Heavy-duty hybrid vehicles” of the International Energy Agency (IEA) Implementing Agreement on “Hybrid and Electric Vehicles” (IA-HEV). Since 1993, this Implementing Agreement has provided a platform t...
In this presented study, we measured in situ the uplink duty cycles of a smartphone for 5G NR and 4G LTE for a total of six use cases covering voice, video, and data applications. The duty cycles were assessed at ten positions near a 4G and 5G base-s...
Heavy-duty legged robots have played an important role in material transportation, planet exploration, and other fields due to their unique advantages in complex and harsh terrain environments. The instability phenomenon of the heavy-duty legged robo...
With the recent rapid increase in demand for reliable, long-cycle life, and safe battery technologies for large-scale energy-storage applications, a battery module based on ZEBRA battery chemistry is extensively evaluated for its application in peak...
In this paper, Cu thin films were deposited on Si (100) substrates by the high−power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiIPMS) technique, and the effects of different duty cycles (from 2.25% to 5.25%) on the plasma discharge characteristics, micros...
In recent years, battery-swapping heavy-duty trucks have seen rapid growth in China. Summarizing from the practical experiences gained in this development, and starting from market research and analysis of the most typical city of application case, B...
Role-based access control (RBAC), which has been regarded as one of the most popular access-control mechanisms, is featured by the separation-of-duty constraints, mutually exclusive constraints, and the least-privileges principle. Role mining, a bott...
For Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (IWSNs), sending data with timely style to the stink (or control center, CC) that is monitored by sensor nodes is a challenging issue. However, in order to save energy, wireless sensor networks based on a duty...
Korean duty-free shops sales rank first among duty-free shops around the world (Generation Research, 2018) and have become a target of interest for academics and industry observers. In particular, attention has been focused on variables affecting the...
In order to improve the performance of the servo control system, which is composed ofthe permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) driven by novel direct torque control based on the fixed sector division criterion (FS-DTC) utilizing the composite act...
3 June 2021
Pandemic diseases of this century have differentially targeted healthcare workers globally. These infections include Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome SARS, the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus...
13 March 2018
The objectives of this longitudinal study were to compare salivary cortisol release patterns in medical residents and their self-perceived anxiety levels between a regular working day and a day when on call in the emergency department (ED-duty day) a...
Due to the increasing use of automobiles, the transportation industry is facing challenges of increased emissions, driver safety concerns, travel demand, etc. Hence, automotive industries are manufacturing vehicles that produce fewer emissions, are f...
Sudden cardiac death accounts for approximately 45% of duty-related fatalities among United States firefighters. Strenuous physical exertion is recognized as a trigger of sudden cardiac events. This study describes the duration of strenuous physical...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been used for environmental monitoring and reporting for many decades. Energy consumption is a significant research topic because wireless sensor nodes are battery-operated to be highly energy-constrained. Several...
The application of wide band-gap power electronic devices brings more challenges to insulating packaging technology. Knowing the influence of applied voltage parameters on insulation performance is helpful to evaluate the insulation condition of elec...
Electric retrofitting (e-retrofitting) is a viable option for accelerating the renewal of heavy-duty vehicle fleets to reduce the related emissions. We introduce a simulation-based assessment of e-retrofitting strategies for heavy-duty vehicles. Our...
Due to the extraordinary properties for heavy-duty applications, there has been a great deal of interest in the utilization of waste material via geopolymerization technology. There are various advantages offered by this geopolymer-based material, su...
This paper challenges the conventional view that pre-Qin Confucianism represents kingly virtue politics that lacks institutional duty. By interpreting Xunzi’s notion of yi 義, particularly gong-yi 公義, as a form of public obl...
A technology drift is currently taking place from traditional battery-powered sensor networks, which exhibit limited lifetime, to the new Energy-Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks (EH-WSN), which open the way towards self-sustained operation. Howeve...
Reducing vehicle emissions and minimizing the impact of the transportation industry on the environment are key to achieving global sustainable development goals. China-6 emissions standard requires light-duty gasoline vehicles to meet the emissions l...
This article describes a dual-controller dual-delay line delay lock loop (DC-DL DLL). The proposed DLL adopted a dual delay line structure, each delay line was composed of a coarse adjustment and a fine adjustment unit, and the dual delay lines had c...
With the global energy transition and advancements in electric vehicle technology, the use of pure electric heavy-duty vehicles in logistics is rising. However, current highway grade design standards do not fully consider their performance characteri...
With the rapid advancement of construction machinery electrification, optimizing the energy efficiency of electric loaders requires representative duty cycles that accurately capture real-world operating characteristics. However, most existing studie...
Wireless power transmission (WPT) using an inductively coupled link is one of the most popular approaches to deliver power wirelessly to biomedical implants. As the electromagnetic wave travels through the tissue, it is attenuated and absorbed by the...
This paper aims to study the characteristics of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from heavy-duty trucks in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, which is located in Northern China. The multiyear emissions of GHG (CO2, CH4 and N2O) from heavy-duty tru...
Hybrid heavy-duty trucks have attracted wide attention due to their excellent fuel economy and high mileage. For power-split hybrid heavy-duty trucks, the optimization of powertrain parameters is closely related to the control strategies of hybrid ve...
High-frequency transformers are subject to excitation with a changing duty cycle during operation. Due to magnetic relaxation, the duty cycle of the rectangular wave affects the magnetization time of nanocrystalline alloy for the core material, which...
Faults of the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) significantly exacerbate nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from heavy-duty vehicles, thereby posing a severe hazard to atmospheric environmental quality. Currently, the paucity of systematic studies on N...
This paper proposes an all-digital duty cycle corrector with synchronous fast locking, and adopts a new quantization method to effectively produce a phase of 180 degrees or half delay of the input clock. By taking two adjacent rising edges input to t...
13 June 2018
After the Germanwings accident, the French Safety Investigation Authority (BEA) recommended that the World Health Organization (WHO) and European Community (EC) develop clear rules for the duty of notification process. Aeromedical practitioners (AMEs...
This paper presents a fast locking and wide range input frequency all-digital duty cycle corrector (ADDCC). The proposed ADDCC circuit comprises a pulse generator and a clock generator. The pulse generator is edge-triggered by an input signal to prod...
This paper proposes a new protocol that can be used to reduce transmission delay and energy consumption effectively. This will be done by adjusting the duty-cycle (DC) ratio of the receiver node and the contention window size of the sender node accor...
Motor vehicles emit a large amount of air pollutants. NOx and particulate matter (PM) account for 53.2% and 74.7%, respectively, of vehicle emissions in China. Using the technical guidelines for compiling road vehicle emission inventories, the emissi...
In low-duty-cycle wireless networks with unreliable and correlated links, Opportunistic Routing (OR) is extremely costly because of the unaligned working schedules of nodes within a common candidate forwarder set. In this work, we propose a novel pol...
Recently, attribute-based access control (ABAC) has received increasingly more attention and has emerged as the desired access control mechanism for many organizations because of its flexibility and scalability for authorization management, as well a...
Since sensor nodes usually have a large duty cycle interval to prolong network lifetime, duty-cycled wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can suffer from a long end-to-end (E2E) delay. Because delay-sensitive applications have a certain E2E delay requirem...
Cutting force is an important factor that affects the surface quality of machining carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP). High cutting force can lead to surface damage such as the burrs and the delamination in the machining process of CFRP. Ultrason...
Southern California Edison Company (SCE) has shown a commitment to deploying vehicles in its fleet that meet or exceed emissions standards, emit lower greenhouse gases, and reduce use of petroleum. This has been best demonstrated by operating the nat...
This study aims to resolve the problems of low precision, poor flexibility and unstable operation in the control performance of loading robots with long telescopic booms and heavy loads. Firstly, the kinematics and dynamics of long-arm heavy-duty rob...
In this paper, a novel ultraviolet (UV) scatter communication scheme is presented, designed to dynamically adjust the signal duty cycle to optimize on–off keying (OOK) modulation and reduce the bit error rate (BER), particularly under varying r...
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