Tar formation hinders the development of biomass gasification technologies. The use of pyrolytic char as a catalyst for removing tar has been widely investigated; its large specific surface area and pores distribution make it a good candidate for the...
The effect of the molecular structure of feedstock on the cracking reaction of C10 hydrocarbons to ethylene and propylene over H-ZSM-5 zeolite was investigated. To better compare the effect of decane on the production of light olefins, the thermal cr...
Research on the synergistic high-value reuse of waste tires and used catalysts in spent fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts was carried out in this study to address the serious ecological and environmental problems caused by waste tires and spen...
This research systematically investigates the influence of high-energy ball-milling (BM) parameters on the acidic and textural properties of zeolite Y. Among the BM parameters, the milling time (MT) exerted a more significant influence on the zeolite...
The aim of this work is to analyze and model the performance of the distillation column of a catalytic cracking plant using fuzzy initial information. A system of mathematical models of the studied columns was developed, and we discussed the issues o...
Heavy oils are characterized by a high content of resins and asphaltenes, which complicates refining and leads to an increase in the cost of refinery products. These components can be strongly adsorbed on the acid sites of a supported catalyst, leadi...
ZSM-5 zeolite is widely used in catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon, but the conventional ZSM-5 zeolite deactivates quickly due to its simple microporous and long diffusion pathway. Many studies have been done to overcome these disadvantages recently....
Fisher-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is a promising method to make alternative hydrocarbons from biomass or other resources. Upgrading the primary FTS products is of considerable interest. Cracking FT wax is economically attractive to produce light olefins...
H-Oil gas oils have a higher density and higher nitrogen content, and consequently much lower reactivity than straight-run vacuum gas oils during fluid catalytic cracking (FCC). The conversion of H-Oil gas oils observed in a laboratory catalytic crac...
Establishing a reaction network is of uttermost importance in complex catalytic processes such as fluid catalytic cracking (FCC). This step is the seed for a faithful reactor modeling and the subsequent catalyst re-design, process optimization or pre...
With the increasing attention to light oil, the catalytic cracking process of heavy oil is being vigorously developed. The silicon hydroxyl groups on the surface of mesoporous silica materials can be used as weak acid centers to preliminarily crack h...
The optimization problems in a fluid catalytic cracking process with dynamic constraints and conflicting objectives are challenging due to the complicated constraints and dynamic environments. The decision variables need to be reoptimized to obtain t...
The article offers a systematic approach to the method of developing mathematical models of a chemical-technological system (CTS) in conditions of deficit and fuzziness of initial information using available data of various types. Based on the result...
This work presents a one-dimensional (1D) model for simulating the behavior of an FCC riser reactor processing bio-oil. The FCC riser is modeled as a plug-flow reactor, where the bio-oil feed undergoes vaporization followed by catalytic cracking reac...
Feedstock quality has been proven to be the single variable that most affects fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit performance, but catalyst characteristics have also been reported in the literature to have a considerable effect on cracking process pe...
This research develops a method for synthesizing linguistic models of fuzzy systems with fuzzy input and output parameters that are described by linguistic variables. Based on the proposed method, linguistic models of the Title 1000 catalytic crackin...
The quality of the catalytic cracking feed can affect the conversion by 35%, while the activity of the catalyst can influence the conversion by 11% and the reaction temperature by 15%. The pivotal role of feed quality justifies the investigations dir...
Hierarchical HZSM-5 membranes were prepared on the inner wall of stainless steel tubes, using amphiphilic organosilane (TPOAC) and mesitylene (TMB) as a meso-porogen and a swelling agent, respectively. The mesoporosity of the HZSM-5 membranes were ta...
Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) constitutes a critical process in petroleum refining, facing increasing pressure to align with sustainable development goals by improving energy efficiency and reducing environmental impact. This study tackles a multi-o...
The emerging machine learning techniques provide great opportunities for optimal operation of chemical systems. This paper presents a Bayesian deep reinforcement learning method for the optimization of a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit, which is...
Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) spent catalysts are the most common catalysts produced by the petroleum refining industry in China. The National Hazardous Waste List (2016 edition) lists FCC spent catalysts as hazardous waste, but this listing is very...
Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is one of the most important processes in gasoline/diesel oil production, but the strong endothermic effect accompanied by this reaction often results in the deactivation of the catalyst. In this paper, a novel multifun...
Catalytic cracking of bio-oil, conducted at atmospheric pressure without hydrogen supply, is a cost-effective and versatile approach for the targeted synthesis of biofuels and platform chemicals. The conversion of raw bio-oil follows intricate reacti...
The fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) unit is the primary production unit for gasoline and olefins in refineries. Improving product yield and processing capacity is closely related to the economic benefits of refineries. In this paper, we use the As...
A new approach for characterization of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts is proposed. This approach is based on computational visual analyses of images originating from field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) studies coupled with...
This study evaluates the impact of the catalyst-to-oil (C/O) ratio in the 1 to 7 range on the catalytic cracking of vacuum gas oil (VGO). Experiments are conducted using fluid catalytic cracking (FCC)-type catalysts, in a mini-fluidized bench-scale R...
Recently, Japan and the European Union have been experiencing declining petroleum demand owing to global initiatives aimed at reducing environmental impact by curtailing CO2 emissions. Consequently, alternative products and operational conditions sho...
The performance of a commercial FCC catalyst (designated as CY) and a physically mixed hybrid catalyst (80 wt.% CY and 20 wt.% HZSM-5-based catalyst, designated as CH) have been compared in the catalytic cracking of a vacuum gasoil (VGO)/bio-oil blen...
This work systematically investigated the influence of catalyst reuse and reaction time on the yield and quality of organic liquid products (OLP) obtained in a cracking pilot plant at 450 °C and 1.0 atm. The distillation of OLP produced 04 (four)...
Petrochemical feedstocks are experiencing a fast growth in demand, which will further expand their market in the coming years. This is due to an increase in the demand for petrochemical-based materials that are used in households, hospitals, transpor...
Effect of fines content (weight % of particles with diameter less than 45 μm) on bed fluidity was determined to get a base for good fluidization quality in the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit. The fines content in equilibrium FCC catalysts (Ec...
Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) has been widely used in high-voltage cables due to its superior properties, but its thermoset cross-linked structure makes it difficult to recycle. Catalytic pyrolysis offers a feasible pathway for converting XLPE int...
Deep learning can realize the approximation of complex functions by learning deep nonlinear network structures, characterizing the distributed representation of input data, and demonstrating the powerful ability to learn the essential features of dat...
One of the measures to reduce the carbon footprint of the Portland cement (PC) manufacturing process is through a wider use of supplementary cementitious and waste materials. The main objective of this work was to produce a new binder using two diffe...
It has been proven that the performance of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC), as the most important oil refining process for converting low-value heavy oils into high-value transportation fuels, light olefins, and feedstocks for petrochemicals, depends...
Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) is one of the most important conversion processes in oil refineries, widely used to convert high-boiling, high-molecular-weight hydrocarbon components from crude oil into more valuable products like gasoline and diesel....
Spent coffee grounds contain lipids (fatty acids) in addition to cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The reaction process for upgrading biocrude oil produced from spent coffee grounds is different from that followed for upgrading biomass pyrolysis...
Tetraethoxy orthosilicate (TEOS) was used not only as a precursor of silica, but also as an agent which reinforces the skeleton of silica-gel to prepare an aerogel and resultant silica and silica-alumina with large pore size and pore volume. In this...
Due to operational limitations in the industrial field, the operating variables of fluid catalytic cracking units (FCCU) are of multiple operating frequencies, which are CO combustion promoter amount, recycle slurry flow rate, combustion air flow rat...
There are many unknown abnormal working conditions in industrial production. It is difficult to identify unknown abnormal working conditions because there are few relative sample and experience in this field. To solve this problem, a new identificati...
In a fuel-based refinery, rich gas in the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit is further processed to separate dry gas and refinery products (i.e., stabilized gasoline and liquified petroleum gas). The process is utility-intensive and costly and incl...
In this study, iron-rich mining residue (UGSO) was used as a support to prepare a new Ni-based catalyst via a solid-state reaction protocol. Ni-UGSO with different Ni weight percentages wt.% (5, 10, and 13) were tested for C2H4 dry reforming (DR) and...
A laboratory-scale procedure was developed to obtain lanthanum oxide from spent fluid catalytic cracking catalyst, commonly used in the heavy crude oil cracking process. Two different solids, consisting mainly of silica, alumina, and a certain amount...
Machine learning for online monitoring of abnormalities in fluid catalytic cracking process (FCC) operations is crucial to the efficient processing of petroleum resources. A novel identification method is proposed in this paper to solve this problem,...
Solvent-free synthesis methodology is a promising technique for the green and sustainable preparation of zeolites materials. In this work, a solvent-free route was developed to synthesize SAPO-34 zeolite. The characterization results indicated that t...
This study explores the potential of a composite binder comprising cement bypass dust (CBD) and spent fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst for sustainable pavement base stabilization. Various CBD/FCC ratios (30:70, 50:50, 70:30) and binder content...
Olefins are crucial building blocks for petrochemical industry, serving as raw materials for the production of various products such as plastics, synthetic fibers, detergents, solvents, and other chemicals. In FCC, heavy petroleum feedstocks are inje...
Production of Portland cement requires a large volume of natural raw materials and releases huge amounts of CO2 to the atmosphere. Lower environmental impact alternatives focus on alkali-activated cements. In this paper, fluid catalytic cracking resi...
The need to mitigate the environmental footprints of refineries in a sustainable and economical way is widely accepted, yet there appears to be a lack of a unilateral pragmatic approach towards CO oxidation to CO2 among the refining community. In thi...
Ebullated bed vacuum residue hydrocracking and fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) are among the most profitable processes in modern refining. Their optimal performance is vital for petroleum refining profitability. That is why a better understanding of t...
of 9