Search Results (1,636)

The translocation of cadmium (Cd) in the soil-rice system is complicated; therefore, most of the soil-plant models of Cd have not been extensively studied. Hence, we studied the back-propagation artificial neural network model (BP-ANN) and multiple regression model (MLR) to predict the cadmium (Cd) content in rice grain and soil through testing soil parameters. In this study, 486 pairs of rice grains and corresponding soil samples of 456 vectors were used for training + validation, and 30 vectors were collected from the southwestern karst area of Guangxi Province as a test data set. In this study, the Cd content in rice was successfully predicted by using the factors soil available cadmium (A_Cd), total soil cadmium (T_Cd), soil organic matter (SOM), and pH, which have a more significant impact on rice, as the main prediction variables. Root mean square error (RMSE), Relative Percent Difference (RPD), and correlation coefficient (R²) were used to assess the models. The R², RPD, and RMSE values for R_Cd medium obtained by the MLR model with pH, T_Cd, and A_Cd as entered variables were 0.551, 2.398, and 0.049, respectively. The R² and RMSE values for R_Cd medium obtained by the BP-ANN model with pH, T_Cd, and A_Cd as entered variables were 0.6846, 2.778, and 0.104, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that BP-ANN was useful in predicting R_Cd and had better performance than MLR. Full article

Background/Objectives: The timely initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in persons living with HIV (PLWH) can improve clinical outcomes. However, ART commencement is often delayed. Portugal, despite having one of the highest new HIV diagnosis rates within the European Union, has limited available national-level data. Prior evidence from 2017 to 2018 suggests that the average time to ART initiation exceeds the recommendations for optimal patient benefits. This study aimed to determine the number of days from the first hospital appointment to the commencement of ART among newly diagnosed PLWH in Portugal between 2017 and 2022 at the national level and across different hospitals. It was hypothesized that newly diagnosed PLWH in Portugal experience a delay in ART initiation beyond the recommended timeframe. Methods: A retrospective analysis of records from Portuguese public tertiary care hospitals, which manage most HIV patients, was conducted. Descriptive statistics (measures of central tendency, dispersion, and frequency) were applied, along with association tests and a binary logistic regression model to examine factors influencing the timing of ART initiation. Results: A total of 2229 cases (out of 3434 received) from 19 hospitals were considered eligible. The median time interval between the first hospital appointment and ART initiation was 29.00 days, with a decreasing tendency between 2017 and 2022. Patients initiating therapy after 14 days had higher CD4 levels and lower viral loads compared to those starting within 14 days, with statistical significance. Conclusions: Continuous and regular monitoring of key indicators, such as the time to ART initiation, is pivotal for assessing the effectiveness of HIV treatment programs and pinpointing areas in need of improvement. Full article

Oxysterols such as 7-ketocholesterol (7KCh) contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases by inducing oxidative stress and promoting pro-inflammatory immune cell activation. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in maintaining immune tolerance, and their dysregulation is a key driver of autoimmunity. Targeting DCs by using natural compounds offers a promising strategy to restore redox balance and suppress aberrant immune responses. This study investigated the immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties of Lupeol, a natural triterpenoid, in human monocyte-derived DCs exposed to 7KCh. Flow cytometry and cytokine profiling demonstrated that Lupeol preserved the immature, tolerogenic phenotype of DCs by promoting a dose-dependent increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Lupeol also inhibited the 7KCh-induced upregulation of maturation markers (CD83, CD86) and suppressed the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-12p70. Functionally, Lupeol-treated DCs directed T cell polarization toward an anti-inflammatory and regulatory profile while dampening the inflammatory responses triggered by 7KCh. This immunoregulatory effect was further supported by the decreased secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-12p70 in DC culture supernatants. Mechanistic analyses using immunofluorescence showed that Lupeol alone significantly increased nuclear NRF2 levels and upregulated HO-1 expression. Western blot analysis further confirmed Lupeol’s ability to activate the KEAP1-NRF2 signaling pathway, as evidenced by increased expression of NRF2 and its downstream target, NQO1. The use of ML385, a selective NRF2 inhibitor, in ROS and cytokine assays supported the involvement of NRF2 in mediating the Lupeol antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in DCs. Notably, the oxidative burden induced by 7KCh limited the full activation of NRF2 signaling triggered by Lupeol. Furthermore, docking and MM/PBSA analyses revealed the specific interactions of Lupeol with the kelch domain of KEAP1. These findings suggest that Lupeol may serve as a promising orally available immunomodulatory agent capable of promoting tolerogenic DCs, offering potential applications in autoimmune and other chronic inflammatory diseases. Full article

Background/Objectives: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic relapsing and remitting inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged as an FDA-approved treatment for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs), with promising potential in patients with IBD. This manuscript aimed to provide a comprehensive and updated review of the available literature on fecal microbiota transplantation, its clinical use in IBD in general, as well as in patients with IBD and CDI. Methods: An extensive literature search was performed from October 2024 to March 2025. All publications available within PubMed, Medline, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases were reviewed. All original articles, case reports, review articles, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses were included. Qualitative and quantitative data were both extracted. Discussion: Intestinal microbiota is an integral part of the human body, and dysbiosis (an imbalance in the gut’s microbial community) has been linked with several pathologies. Dysbiosis in IBD is marked by reduced beneficial bacteria and increased pro-inflammatory pathogens, contributing to mucosal damage and immune dysregulation. FMT has emerged as a solution to dysbiosis, with the first case recorded in 1917. FMT has been successful in treating patients with CDI. The diagnostic value of the gut microbiome is currently being explored as a possible therapeutic approach to IBD. Several studies have assessed FMT in patients with IBD and CDI with promising results in both ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) but varying efficacy based on administration routes, donor selection, and processing methods. In the context of recurrent CDI in patients with IBD, FMT demonstrates a high cure rate and potential benefit in concurrently improving IBD activity. However, risks such as IBD flare-ups post-FMT remain a concern. Conclusions: FMT holds promising potential in the management of CDI in patients with IBD. By restoring microbial diversity and correcting dysbiosis, FMT offers a novel, microbiota-targeted alternative to conventional therapies. While data support its efficacy in improving disease remission, variability in outcomes underscores the need for standardized protocols and additional large-scale, controlled studies. Continued research efforts into donor selection, treatment regimens, and long-term safety will be critical to optimizing FMT’s role in IBD and CDI care as well as improving patient outcomes. Full article

Change detection (CD) in remote sensing (RS) is a fundamental task that seeks to identify changes in land cover by analyzing bitemporal images. In recent years, deep learning (DL)-based approaches have demonstrated remarkable success in a wide range of CD applications. However, most existing methods have limitations in detecting building edges and addressing pseudo-changes, and lack the ability to model feature context. In this paper, we introduce DFANet—a Deep Feature Attention Network specifically designed for building CD in RS imagery. First, we devise a spatial-channel attention module to strengthen the network’s capacity to extract change cues from bitemporal feature maps and reduce the occurrence of pseudo-changes. Second, we introduce a GatedConv module to improve the network’s capability for building edge detection. Finally, Transformer is introduced to capture long-range dependencies across bitemporal images, enabling the network to better understand feature change patterns and the relationships between different regions and land cover categories. We carried out comprehensive experiments on two publicly available building CD datasets—LEVIR-CD and WHU-CD. The results demonstrate that DFANet achieves exceptional performance in evaluation metrics such as precision, F1 score, and IoU, consistently outperforming existing state-of-the-art approaches. Full article

Background and Objectives: A thorough comprehension of the essential molecules and related processes underlying the carcinogenesis, proliferation, and recurrence of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is crucial. This study aimed to investigate the expression levels, diagnostic and prognostic significance and biological roles of Bcl-2-associated athanogene 4 (BAG4) in AML carcinogenesis. Materials and Methods: Gene expression profiles were analyzed using publicly available datasets, particularly GSE9476 and TCGA, using tools such as GEO2R, GEPIA2, UALCAN and TIMER2.0. The immune infiltration correlation was examined using the GSCA platform, while the function of BAG4 at the single-cell level was analyzed via CancerSEA. Protein–protein and gene–gene interaction networks were constructed using STRING and GeneMANIA, and enrichment analyses were performed using GO, KEGG and DAVID. Expression validation was performed using RT-qPCR in HL-60 (AML) and HaCaT (normal) cells, and ROC curve analysis evaluated the diagnostic accuracy. Results: BAG4 was significantly overexpressed in AML tissues and cell lines compared with healthy controls. High BAG4 expression was associated with poor overall survival and strong diagnostic power (AUC = 0.944). BAG4 was positively associated with immune cell infiltration and negatively associated with CD4+/CD8+ T and NK cells. At the single-cell level, BAG4 was associated with proliferation, invasion, and DNA repair functions. Functional network analysis showed that BAG4 interacted with apoptosis and necroptosis-related genes such as BCL2, BAG3 and TNFRSF1A and was enriched in pathways such as NF-κB, TNF signaling and apoptosis. Conclusions: BAG4 is overexpressed in AML and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes and immune modulation. It may play an important role in leukemogenesis by affecting apoptotic resistance and immune evasion. BAG4 has potential as a diagnostic biomarker and treatment target in AML, but further in vivo and clinical validation is needed. Full article

Background: Longitudinal studies on cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) are scarce, and only one study has investigated the trajectory of CDS from childhood to early adulthood. Given this, the aims of the present study were to explore, with a quasi-longitudinal design, (1) whether scores for childhood CDS were associated with scores for CDS during early adulthood; (2) whether childhood CDS scores were associated with childhood and adult scores for depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia; (3) whether childhood CDS, depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia and adult depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia were independently associated with adult scores for CDS, and (4) whether childhood CDS scores were directly and indirectly associated with adult CDS scores via adult depression and stress in two conditional effect models. Methods: A total of 246 young adult students (mean age = 22.62; 56.3% females) participated in a cross-sectional and quasi-longitudinal study. The participants completed questionnaires assessing CDS (Adult Concentration Inventory; ACI), depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia for the following two developmental periods: for the present time point as young adults and for a past time point, when they were about eight years old. To enable retrospective past recall, the participants undertook a standardized imagination exercise. Results: Childhood scores for CDS, depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia were highly associated with adult scores for CDS, depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia. In the regression model, higher childhood scores for CDS, depression, and anxiety and higher adult scores for depression, stress, and insomnia, but not adult anxiety, were strongly and independently associated with adult scores for CDS. In the two conditional effects models, childhood CDS was associated with adult CDS directly and indirectly via adult depression and adult stress. Conclusions: In this quasi-longitudinal study, childhood scores for CDS were associated with adult scores for CDS, suggesting a potentially stable trajectory of CDS from childhood to early adulthood. Further, the two conditional effects models suggested that childhood and adult CDS were both directly and indirectly associated via adult depression and stress. As such, symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia should be considered in conceptualizations of adult CDS. Next, given that standardized psychotherapeutic interventions for depression, stress, and insomnia are available, such interventions might also favorably impact CDS symptoms. These findings further underscore the importance of prospective longitudinal and intervention studies on adult CDS. Full article

Background/Objectives: CD318 (also known as CDCP1) is a transmembrane protein that is overexpressed in many cancers and contributes to tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis by activating SRC family kinases through phosphorylation. Emerging evidence also suggests that CD318 plays a role in modulating the tumor immune microenvironment, although its precise mechanism in tumor progression is still not well understood. Methods: To investigate this, we analyzed the expression and immune-related functions of CD318 using the publicly available data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) across colorectal adenocarcinoma (COAD), cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD). Results: All four cancers exhibited a high level of CD318 expression. Notably, in CESC, LUAD, and PAAD, plasmin-mediated cleavage of CD318 leads to phosphorylation of SRC and protein kinase C delta (PKCδ), which activates HIF1α and/or p38 MAPK. These downstream effectors translocate to the nucleus and promote the transcriptional upregulation of TGFβ1, fostering an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment through Treg cell recruitment. In contrast, this signaling cascade appears to be absent in COAD. Instead, our analysis indicate that intact CD318 in COAD interacts with the surface receptors CD96 and CD160, which are found on CD8⁺ T cells and NK cells. Conclusions: This interaction enhances cytotoxic immune responses in COAD by promoting CD8⁺ T cell and NK cell activity, offering a possible explanation for the favorable prognosis associated with high CD318 expression in COAD, compared to the poorer outcomes observed in CESC, LUAD, and PAAD. Full article

Chlorophyll-a (Chla) and suspended particulate matter (SPM) are key indicators of water quality, playing critical roles in understanding marine biogeochemical processes and ecosystem health. Although satellite data from the Chinese Ocean Color and Temperature Scanner (COCTS) onboard the Haiyang-1C/D satellites is freely available, there has been limited validation of its standard Chla and SPM products. This study is a first step to address this gap by evaluating COCTS-derived Chla and SPM products against in situ measurements in French coastal waters. The matchup analysis showed robust performance for the Chla product, with a median symmetric accuracy (MSA) of 50.46% over a dynamic range of 0.13–4.31 mg·m⁻³ (n = 24, Bias = 41.11%, Slope = 0.93). In contrast, the SPM product showed significant limitations, particularly in turbid waters, despite a reasonable performance in the matchup exercise, with an MSA of 45.86% within a range of 0.18–10.52 g·m⁻³ (n = 23, Bias = −14.59%, Slope = 2.29). A comparison with another SPM model and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) products showed that the COCTS standard algorithm tends to overestimate SPM and suggests that the issue does not originate from the input radiometric data. This study provides the first regional assessment of COCTS Chla and SPM products in European coastal waters. The findings highlight the need for algorithm refinement to improve the reliability of COCTS SPM products, while the Chla product demonstrates suitability for water quality monitoring in low to moderate Chla concentrations. Future studies should focus on the validation of COCTS ocean color products in more diverse waters. Full article

Breast cancer is a leading cause of central nervous system (CNS) metastases in women, often associated with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. However, molecular differences between primary tumors and CNS metastases remain underexplored. We aimed to characterize transcriptomic differences between primary breast tumors and matched CNS metastases and identify immune-related biomarkers associated with metastatic progression and patient outcomes. Transcriptomic profiling was based on 11 matched FFPE sample pairs (primary tumor and CNS metastasis). Paired formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples from primary tumors (T1) and CNS metastases (T2) were analyzed using the NanoString nCounter^® platform and the PanCancer IO 360™ Gene Expression Panel. Differential gene expression, Z-score transformation, and heatmap visualization were performed in R. In silico survival analyses for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were conducted using publicly available TCGA and GEO datasets. Forty-five genes were significantly differentially expressed between the T1 and T2 samples. Immune-related genes such as CXCL9, IL7R, CD79A, and CTSW showed consistent downregulation in CNS metastases. High expression of CXCL9 and CD79A was associated with improved OS and RFS, whereas high IL7R and CTSW expression correlated with worse outcomes. These findings indicate immune suppression as a hallmark of CNS colonization. Comparative transcriptomic analysis further underscored the distinct molecular landscapes between primary and metastatic tumors. This study highlights transcriptional signatures associated with breast cancer CNS metastases, emphasizing the role of immune modulation in metastatic progression. The identified genes have potential as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets, supporting the need for site-specific molecular profiling in metastatic breast cancer management. Full article

There is a present need to develop alternative biotherapeutic drugs to mitigate the exacerbated inflammatory immune responses characteristic of sepsis. The potent endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a major component of Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane, activates the immune system via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), triggering macrophages and a persistent cascade of inflammatory mediators. Our previous studies have demonstrated that Fh15, a recombinant member of the Fasciola hepatica fatty acid binding protein family, can significantly increase the survival rate by suppressing many inflammatory mediators induced by LPS in a septic shock mouse model. Although Fh15 has been proposed as a TLR4 antagonist, the specific mechanisms underlying its immunomodulatory effect remained unclear. In the present study, we employed a quantitative proteomics approach using tandem mass tag (TMT) followed by LC-MS/MS analysis to identify and quantify differentially expressed proteins that participate in signaling pathways downstream TLR4 of macrophages, which can be dysregulated by Fh15. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD065520. Based on significant fold change (FC) cut-off of 1.5 and p-value ≤ 0.05 criteria, we focused our attention to 114 proteins that were upregulated by LPS and downregulated by Fh15. From these proteins, TNFα, IL-1α, Lck, NOS2, SOD2 and CD36 were selected for validation by Western blot on murine bone marrow-derived macrophages due to their relevant roles in the NF-κB, iNOS, oxidative stress, and phagosome signaling pathways, which are closely associated with sepsis pathogenesis. These results suggest that Fh15 exerts a broad spectrum of action by simultaneously targeting multiple downstream pathways activated by TLR4, thereby modulating various aspects of the inflammatory responses during sepsis. Full article

To investigate the remediation efficiency of different plant species on cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil, this study conducted a pot experiment with two woody species (Populu adenopoda and Salix babylonica) and two herbaceous species (Artemisia argyi and Amaranthus hypochondriacus). Soils were collected from an abandoned coal mine and adjacent pristine natural areas within the dam-adjacent section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area to establish three soil treatment groups: unpolluted soil (T1, 0.18 mg·kg⁻¹ Cd), a 1:1 mixture of contaminated and unpolluted soil (T2, 0.35 mg·kg⁻¹ Cd), and contaminated coal mine soil (T3, 0.54 mg·kg⁻¹ Cd). This study aimed to investigate the growth status of plants, Cd accumulation and translocation characteristics, and the relationship between them and soil environmental factors. Woody plants exhibited significant advantages in aboveground biomass accumulation. Under T3 treatment, the Cd extraction amount of S. babylonica (224.93 mg) increased by about 36 times compared to T1, and the extraction efficiency (6.42%) was significantly higher than other species. Among the herbaceous species, A. argyi showed the maximum Cd extraction amount (66.26 mg) and extraction efficiency (3.11%) during T2 treatment. While A. hypochondriacus exhibited a trend of increasing extraction amount but decreasing extraction efficiency with increasing concentration. With the exception of S. babylonica under T1 treatment (BCF = 0.78), the bioconcentration factor was greater than 1 in both woody (BCF = 1.39–6.42) and herbaceous species (BCF = 1.39–3.11). However, herbaceous plants demonstrated significantly higher translocation factors (TF = 1.58–3.43) compared to woody species (TF = 0.31–0.87). There was a significant negative correlation between aboveground phosphorus (P) content and root Cd (p < 0.05), while underground nitrogen (N) content was positively correlated to aboveground Cd content (p < 0.05). Soil total N and available P were significantly positively correlated with plant Cd absorption, whereas total potassium (K) showed a negative correlation. This study demonstrated that woody plants can achieve long-term remediation through biomass advantages, while herbaceous plants, with their high transfer efficiency, are suitable for short-term rotation. In the future, it is suggested to conduct a mixed planting model of woody and herbaceous plants to remediate Cd-contaminated soils in the tailing areas of reservoir areas. This would synergistically leverage the dual advantages of root retention and aboveground removal, enhancing remediation efficiency. Concurrent optimization of soil nutrient management would further improve the Cd remediation efficiency of plants. Full article

Soil aggregates play critical roles in regulating the behavior of heavy metal in soils. To understand the distribution of cadmium (Cd) in aggregates of different soil types, as well as their roles in regulating the Cd bioavailability of bulk soils, four major arable soils, including acidic, neutral, and calcareous purple soils and calcareous yellow soil (APS, NPS, CPS, and CYS), were sampled from Chongqing, China, for aggregate separation and determination of the total Cd(T-Cd) distribution, fractionation, and extractability in various-sized aggregates. A pot experiment with ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was conducted to evaluate the Cd bioavailability in bulk soils as influenced by aggregates. The results show that the composition of soil aggregates varies a lot among soils: lower soil pH tends to increase the proportion of macroaggregates while decreasing that of smaller aggregates. The Cd distribution, HCl-extractability, and active fraction (AF, T-Cd/HCl-Cd) in aggregates are all soil type-dependent, with pH and particle size being the main determining factors; the distribution pattern of Cd concentrated in smaller aggregates is only found for CPS and CYS (pH > 7.5) upon exogenous Cd addition, though the finest aggregates (silt–clay, <0.053 mm) consistently exhibited the highest Cd enrichment for all tested soils. The Cd extractability and AF values in all aggregates show a sequence of APS > NPS > CPS > CYS, indicating the fundamental influence of soil pH on Cd availability. Higher AF values over bulk soils, either in silt–clay aggregates or in microaggregates (0.053–0.25 mm), whereas lower AF in macroaggregates (1–2 mm) are found for APS and NPS, which correspond to the relative portions of Ex-Cd and Fe/Mn oxide-bound Cd (Fe/Mn-Cd) in these aggregates. In contrast, less variation of AF values among aggregates is observed for CPS and CYS and for APS/NPS upon Cd addition. Pot experiments demonstrated strong positive correlations between ryegrass Cd uptake and HCl-Cd in silt–clay aggregates and T-Cd in microaggregates, while a negative correlation was observed with T-Cd in macroaggregates. These findings supply new insight into the mechanisms of aggregates in controlling Cd bioavailability in bulk soils and shed light on the development of new strategies for remediating Cd-polluted soils. Full article

Background: CIC-rearranged sarcoma is a rare and aggressive type of undifferentiated round cell tumor characterized by CIC gene fusion, most commonly CIC::DUX4. This study presents a series of eleven cases, highlighting their clinicopathological features. Methods: Pathology records (2019 to 2024) were searched using “sarcoma with CIC”, identifying eleven cases, of which seven referred cases were initially misdiagnosed. Pathological and clinical analysis was conducted. Treatment was dictated upon multidisciplinary panel discussion based on tumor stage. Follow-up data (1–25 months) was available for all patients. Results: The cohort included six males and five females, with a median age of 43 years (range;14–53), with nine in soft tissue and two in bone. Tumor size ranged from 3.5 cm to 20.0 cm (mean: 9.8 cm). Most cases showed sheets of undifferentiated round- to oval-shaped cells. Two cases showed an Ewing-like pattern, and one case showed spindle cells in a fibrotic stroma transitioning to epithelioid cells. Necrosis was present in nine cases, and mitotic count ranged from 2 to 38/ 10HPFs (mean = 14.2). CD99 was positive in (10/11) cases and WT-1 in (6/9). NKX2.2, S100, and MDM2 were positive in rare cases. CIC::DUX4 fusion was detected in four cases. FISH for CIC gene rearrangement was positive in seven cases, two of them confirmed by methylation analysis. Metastasis at diagnosis was common (n = 8), primarily in the lungs, with later metastasis to the brain and bone. At time of final analysis, eight patients died within a median of 10 months (range: 1–19 months), while three were alive, two with stable disease (for a period of 6 and 25 months) and one with progression after 10 months. Significant correlation was seen between overall survival and the presence of metastasis at diagnosis (p value = 0.03). Conclusions: CIC-rearranged sarcomas are rare, high-grade tumors with predilection for soft tissue. Misdiagnosis is frequent, necessitating molecular confirmation. These tumors are treatment-resistant, often present with lung metastasis, and carry a poor prognosis, especially with initial metastasis. Full article

As public concern over environmental pollution and the urgent need for sustainable development grow, the popularity of new-energy vehicles has increased. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) represent a significant segment of this movement, undergoing robust development and playing an important role in the global transition towards sustainable mobility. Among the various factors affecting the fuel economy of HEVs, energy management strategies (EMSs) are particularly critical. With continuous advancements in vehicle communication technology, vehicles are now equipped to gather real-time traffic information. In response to this evolution, this paper proposes an optimization method for the adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy (A-ECMS) equivalent factor that incorporates traffic information and efficient optimization algorithms. Building on this foundation, the proposed method integrates the charge depleting–charge sustaining (CD-CS) strategy to create a combined EMS that leverages traffic information. This approach employs the CD-CS strategy to facilitate vehicle operation in the absence of comprehensive global traffic information. However, when adequate global information is available, it utilizes both the CD-CS strategy and the A-ECMS for vehicle control. Simulation results indicate that this combined strategy demonstrates effective performance, achieving fuel consumption reductions of 5.85% compared with the CD-CS strategy under the China heavy-duty truck cycle, 4.69% under the real vehicle data cycle, and 3.99% under the custom driving cycle. Full article