Search Results (19,974)

Background: Elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is a biomarker associated with alcohol-related hepatic stress and oxidative imbalance. Although alcohol abstinence is the primary determinant of GGT normalization, adjunctive strategies may support biochemical improvement in real-world settings. Methods: This non-randomized cohort study included 197 of 1957 screened participants (10.1%), stratified according to baseline GGT into 55–99 U/L (n = 95) and ≥100 U/L (n = 102). Participants in the higher baseline subgroup underwent a multimodal intervention consisting of nutraceutical supplementation (silymarin, essential phospholipids, and a polyherbal antioxidant formulation) combined with structured psychological support aimed at promoting alcohol abstinence. The primary outcome was the change in GGT between baseline (T1) and follow-up (T2). Secondary outcomes included the proportion of participants achieving GGT reduction and the magnitude of change according to baseline severity. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT07603726. Results: Among participants with baseline GGT ≥ 100 U/L, GGT levels decreased from a median of 133.73 to 97.41 U/L (p < 0.001), whereas in the 55–99 U/L subgroup, median GGT changed from 67.49 to 66.51 U/L without reaching statistical significance (p = 0.072). Participants in the higher baseline subgroup demonstrated greater GGT reductions (median ΔGGT: −35.25 vs. −2.58 U/L), a higher proportion achieving GGT reduction (91.2% vs. 70.5%), and higher odds of GGT reduction at follow-up in exploratory analysis (OR = 4.32, 95% CI: 1.91–9.75). Conclusions: In this real-world cohort, reductions in GGT levels were observed, particularly among individuals with elevated baseline values (≥100 U/L) who underwent the multimodal intervention. These findings support monitoring GGT dynamics in routine clinical practice, where GGT remains a practical and accessible biomarker due to its widespread availability, low cost, and sensitivity to oxidative and alcohol-related hepatic stress. Full article

Allelopathy means that one plant produces chemical substances to affect the growth of other plants. Crop rotation is considered as a potential strategy to alleviate the allelopathic inhibition. So, it is important to identify rotation crops with wide availability and low inhibitory effects. In this study, the allelopathic potential of soil extracts was investigated on the germination, seedling growth, biomass, and biochemical parameters (malondialdehyde, photosynthetic pigments, and antioxidant enzyme activities) of five crops, by a series of laboratory experiments. Firstly, both soil water extracts (SWE) and soil ethanol extracts (SEE) exhibited allelopathic inhibition on the seed germination and the root length of all seedlings in a dose-dependent relationship. The SWE significantly promoted the shoot length of bok choy and Chinese lettuce, while the SEE had no significant effect in bok choy. The application of SEE resulted in a significant increase in the dry weight of bok choy and rocket. In contrast, SWE had a negligible effect on bok choy and lettuce. Both of them caused decrease in the dry weight of the other seedlings. Then, the allelopathic synthetic effect index of water/ethanol extracts was chemo-inhibitory, and the inhibitory effect increased with increasing extract concentration. The SWE had the strongest inhibition on rocket and the SEE on lettuce. Both of them had the weakest effect on bok choy. The extracts significantly inhibited the photosynthetic capacity in five crops, manifested as decrease in photosynthetic pigments and dose-dependent effects. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content in all crops increased in a dose-dependent manner, confirming that the extracts caused lipid peroxidation. However, the defense strategies of different crops vary significantly. There is crop with active defense, such as bok choy treated with SWE. It delayed oxidative damage by continuously upregulating the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). This is the key physiological mechanism for tolerance. There is also the oxidative stress failure type, as follows: CAT activity of rocket and cabbage increased, but the SOD activity did not increase by SEE. This reveals the physiological essence of their sensitivity—the lack of persistent scavenging ability for reactive oxygen species. Based on the inhibition of peroxidase (POD) and ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX), it is speculated that the extracts may inhibit the hydrogen peroxide scavenging pathway, which centered on the ascorbate–glutathione cycle. It is the fundamental reason why the continuous accumulation of MDA though SOD/CAT is up. This study confirmed the allelopathic effects of the water and ethanol extracts on five vegetable crops, and found that bok choy was less affected by them. The soil extracts affected the growth and development of seedlings by regulating their oxidative metabolism and photosynthetic capacity. These results support recommending pak choi as a rotation crop. This provides crops for subsequent field experiments and a new direction for next-step research on continuous cropping obstacles. Full article

Cadmium (Cd), a highly mobile and phytotoxic heavy metal, threatens plant growth and food safety and has increased interest in woody plant-based phytoremediation. However, the genome-wide characteristics of the NAC transcription factor family and its role in Cd tolerance remain largely unknown in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), a stress-tolerant woody plant. In this study, 121 PgNAC genes were identified from the chromosome-level genome of the pomegranate cultivar ‘Tunisia’. Phylogenetic analysis classified these genes into two major groups and 16 subgroups. PgNAC genes were unevenly distributed across the eight chromosomes and showed evident clustered distribution patterns. Synteny and Ka/Ks analyses further revealed that segmental and tandem duplication jointly shaped the expansion of the PgNAC family, while the duplicated pairs have largely evolved under strong purifying selection. Conserved motif and gene structure analyses showed that PgNAC proteins possessed a highly conserved N-terminal NAM domain, whereas their C-terminal regions were relatively divergent. Promoter analysis further identified abundant hormone- and stress-responsive cis-elements, suggesting diverse regulatory roles of the PgNAC family. Transcriptome profiling identified PgNAC87, a member of the NAP subfamily, as a Cd-responsive candidate gene that was consistently upregulated in both roots and leaves under Cd stress. Heterologous overexpression of PgNAC87 in tobacco significantly enhanced Cd tolerance, as reflected by alleviated growth inhibition, increased antioxidant enzyme activities and osmotic adjustment substances, and reduced oxidative damage. Collectively, our results clarify the evolutionary features of the PgNAC family and its involvement in Cd-induced transcriptional regulation, while highlighting PgNAC87 as a potential genetic target for enhancing Cd tolerance in pomegranate and related woody species. Full article

Cotton is recognized as the primary source of essential natural fibers for the global textile industry, supporting its sustainability and development. However, adverse environmental conditions such as drought severely constrain cotton production; thus, developing stress-tolerant cultivars via molecular breeding is essential for maintaining yield stability. Here, a comprehensive functional dissection was conducted on GhGA2ox15, a gibberellin 2-oxidase gene derived from Gossypium hirsutum L. This gene encodes a key catabolic enzyme implicated in the deactivation of endogenous bioactive GAs and the modulation of stress adaptation. We characterized GhGA2ox15, a GA2ox gene from upland cotton that modulates endogenous bioactive GA levels and abiotic stress tolerance. Bioinformatics and sequence analyses confirmed that GhGA2ox15 is a canonical C₂₀-GA2ox subfamily member, with conserved DIOX_N and 2OG-FeII_Oxy domains and marked similarity to orthologs in Arabidopsis and rice. Tobacco subcellular localization assays indicated that GhGA2ox15 resides in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. In transgenic Arabidopsis and Oryza sativa lines, GhGA2ox15 overexpression was shown to increase drought tolerance, while virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of GhGA2ox15 yielded significantly compromised drought resistance. Physiological assays linked GhGA2ox15 silencing to impaired reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification. The suppressed lines displayed markedly lower antioxidant enzyme activities, concomitant ROS accumulation in leaves, and attenuated transcription of drought-responsive marker genes. Our findings delineate the mechanistic role of GhGA2ox15 in drought adaptation and highlight its potential utility in breeding drought-tolerant cotton. Full article

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of concomitant use of cannabigerol (CBG) and 3-O-ethylascorbic acid (EAA) on changes in the proteome of UVA-irradiated skin melanocytes, with particular emphasis on adduct formation between lipid peroxidation products and metabolically important proteins. Proteomic analysis allowed the identification of 1248 proteins with statistically significantly changed expression following melanocytes irradiation and/or incubation with CBG/EAA. The top 25 proteins with the most strongly differentially abundant expression included proteins involved in cell protection/antioxidant response, as well as pro-inflammatory and proapoptotic signalization. Moreover, in melanocytes irradiated with UVA, the levels of lipid peroxidation product, 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and its protein adducts were increased, as well as significant changes in the profile of proteins modified by 4-HNE were observed. CBG and EAA, especially when used together, largely reverse these effects. This study for the first time demonstrated the combined effect of CBG and EAA on the proteome of melanocytes after their exposure to UVA radiation, which applies to both changes in protein expression and intracellular signaling based on proteins modified by 4-HNE. It can be suggested that CBG and EAA may provide melanocytes with effective protection against the effects of oxidative stress and perhaps even protect the skin from carcinogenesis. Full article

Ofloxacin (OFL) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) are common co-occurring antibiotic contaminants in aquatic environments, yet their long-term combined toxicity to freshwater fish remains poorly elucidated. In this study, adult mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) were used as a model to investigate histopathological alterations, oxidative stress responses, gene expression, and gut microbiota changes after 30 days of exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of OFL and SMX (0 ng/L, 50 ng/L, 1 μg/L, and 20 μg/L), either individually or in combination. The results showed that both single and combined exposures induced liver and intestinal damage. Oxidative stress responses exhibited clear tissue specificity, with activation of antioxidant defenses in the liver, whereas the intestine was mainly characterized by decreased SOD and GST activities, as well as reduced MDA content. Changes in gene expression were relatively limited, with significant alterations observed only in hepatic sod2 and hsp90 and intestinal hsp70 in certain treatment groups. Gut microbiota analysis showed that OFL exerted a stronger disruptive effect than SMX, as reflected by increased alpha diversity, reduced abundance of core genera, and functional remodeling, whereas combined exposure triggered weaker microbial community restructuring relative to single exposures. Overall, OFL and SMX induced tissue-specific toxicity in mosquitofish by causing tissue injury, oxidative stress imbalance, and gut microbiota dysbiosis, with OFL showing the stronger overall effect. Full article

Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside (C3G) is the primary anthocyanin-active component in bilberry, exhibiting various pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and lipid metabolism-regulating effects. To address the clinical need for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) prevention and treatment, this study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effects of C3G on NAFLD pathology and elucidate its molecular mechanisms of protection via the AMPK pathway. After a one-week acclimatization period, 20 six-week-old SPF mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal diet control (NCD), high-fat diet model (HFD), HFD + L-C3G (100 mg/kg/day), and HFD + H-C3G (200 mg/kg/day). Except for the NCD group, the remaining groups were fed a 60% high-fat diet for four weeks to establish an early-stage NAFLD model, with successful model construction verified by weight and liver weight gain. From the fifth week onward, C3G groups received daily administration for four consecutive weeks, while control groups were given an equal volume of distilled water. Liver function, lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammatory levels were assessed using ELISA, H&E staining, and other methods. The results showed that C3G restored liver function in NAFLD mice, improved lipid metabolism disorders, reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, and alleviated liver pathological damage. Mechanistic studies revealed that C3G regulated the expression of mRNA and proteins related to the AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway, activating the pathway by upregulating AMPK and its upstream regulators while inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses. This study confirmed that C3G can ameliorate high-fat diet-induced NAFLD lesions by activating the AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB pathway, providing a potential intervention strategy for NAFLD prevention and treatment. Full article

Extracellular DNA (eDNA) has gained attention as a danger signal between organisms because of the ecological implications of this mechanism and its great potential as a biological modulator in agriculture. Self-DNA and non-self DNA have been evaluated earlier, both as plant immune system elicitors. Here we show the effect of eDNA extracted from the bacterial phytopathogen Clavibacter michiganensis applied to tomato plants in different concentrations (50, 100 and 150 µg mL⁻¹). Monitoring morphology of the plants, spectrophotometric determinations and RT-qPCR assays showed a dose-dependent effect on plant growth and root development, activation of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, including phenolic compounds and flavonoids, and differential expression of genes related to plant stress response, such as chalcone synthase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. Lower concentration treatments showed an increment in the variables as beneficial responses for agricultural practices, and the higher concentration (150 µg mL⁻¹) showed reduced or no effects on the evaluated variables. This work represents a step forward in the development of effective and more sustainable agricultural technology in crop production. Full article

Low temperature and low irradiance (LTLI) stress severely limits strawberry growth and productivity during winter protected cultivation. This study investigated the physiological responses of the short-day strawberry cultivar ‘Benihoppe’ to individual and combined LTLI stress and developed a quantitative damage evaluation index. Seedlings were exposed to four treatments for 20 d: control (25/15 °C, 600 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹), single low temperature (LT: 15/5 °C), single low irradiance (LI: 100 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹), and combined stress (LTLI: 15/5 °C, 100 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹). Compared to isolated stress factors, combined LTLI treatment exhibited a statistically verified synergistic damaging effect (two-factor ANOVA, LT × LI p < 0.01) on leaf structure and function. LTLI-treated plants showed severe reductions in leaf area, palisade tissue thickness, chlorophyll content, and net photosynthetic rate (Pn), alongside elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation. Chlorophyll a fluorescence (OJIP) analysis revealed that LTLI stress strongly blocked the electron transport chain at the PSII acceptor side, increasing the J-step relative variable fluorescence (Vj) and suppressing the performance index (PI). To quantify these impacts, a Low Temperature and Low Irradiance Damage Index (LTLDI) was derived from 12 core physiological and morphological variables. The LTLDI scores demonstrated that LTLI induced severe damage by day 10 (score: 0.69) and extremely severe damage by day 20 (0.87), which were substantially higher than the damage caused by LT (0.58 at 20 d) and LI (0.63 at 20 d) alone. The index reliability was confirmed by its strong correlation (r > 0.9) with key stress markers (Fv/Fm, Pn, and MDA). Overall, combined LTLI stress exacerbates structural degradation and PSII photoinhibition in strawberry leaves. The proposed LTLDI offers a practical, standardized tool for evaluating stress severity, facilitating timely environmental management in greenhouse strawberry production. Full article

Solanum lycopersicum is highly sensitive to water deficits, which negatively affect photosynthesis and increase oxidative stress. Although chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs) offer a sustainable solution, research on their effects on this species is scarce. This study evaluated whether ChNPs mitigate the physiological and biochemical effects of water deficit on S. lycopersicum seedlings. Thirty-day-old seedlings were grown under greenhouse conditions, and two irrigation levels were established: 80% of substrate water-holding capacity (well-watered, WW), and 50% of water-holding capacity (mild-to-moderate water deficit, WD). Spherical ChNPs with a size of 39.52 ± 10.9 nm were suspended in 1% acetic acid and foliar-applied at 0, 60, or 120 mg L⁻¹. After 10 days, biomass accumulation, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (F_v′/F_m′, ΦPSII, and ETR), gas exchange, and non-enzymatic antioxidant traits were determined. Even under this early-stage stress regime, water deficit significantly reduced shoot and root biomass, net photosynthesis, and stomatal conductance, while increasing lipid peroxidation. Foliar application of ChNPs, particularly at 60 mg L⁻¹, restored dry matter production and improved photochemical efficiency and electron transport rate by 14%; likewise, net CO₂ assimilation increased by 11.7%. In addition, this dose enhanced antioxidant activity and total phenols by 66% and 1.6-fold, respectively. ChNPs at 60 mg L⁻¹ mitigated the effects of WD in S. lycopersicum by increasing antioxidant and photosynthetic performances. Nevertheless, additional molecular studies, including enzymatic antioxidant characterization and compatible solute profiling, are required to elucidate the mechanisms involved. Full article

Ethanol is a pervasive chemical stressor in fermentative environments and represents a major ecological challenge for Drosophila melanogaster, a species that naturally inhabits decaying fruits. Although ethanol tolerance has traditionally been attributed to detoxification and antioxidant pathways, accumulating evidence indicates that immune-related genes, particularly those encoding immune deficiency (IMD) pathway-associated antimicrobial peptides (IMD-AMPs), contribute importantly to chemical stress adaptation. Previous studies have demonstrated that IMD-AMP induction is required for ethanol tolerance; however, whether elevated IMD-AMP expression alone is sufficient to enhance tolerance has remained unresolved. In this study, we investigated the functional significance of IMD-AMP upregulation in ethanol tolerance using dietary propolis as an experimental immune-modulating agent. D. melanogaster were reared throughout their life cycle on propolis-supplemented diets and subsequently exposed to ethanol. Propolis-fed flies exhibited significantly enhanced survival under ethanol stress compared with control flies. Notably, this increased tolerance was not accompanied by upregulation of classical ethanol metabolism genes or broad induction of antioxidant-related genes. Instead, propolis feeding increased baseline and early-stage expression of IMD-AMP genes, including Diptericin A (DptA), Diptericin B (DptB), Attacin (AttC), and Metchnikowin (Mtk) before and during ethanol exposure. These findings suggest IMD-AMP upregulation is positively associated with enhanced ethanol tolerance in D. melanogaster. Our results establish a proactive role for immune-related pathways in chemical stress resistance and extend the functional scope of AMPs beyond pathogen defense. This study identifies IMD-AMPs as key effectors linking immune activation to physiological adaptation under ethanol-induced chemical stress. Full article

Precision nano-fertilization offers transformative potential for sustainable improvement of grape quality, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effects of foliar-applied nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH₂PO₄), in combination, on berry quality and secondary metabolic reprogramming in Vitis vinifera cv. Marselan. The combined nZVI/KH₂PO₄ treatment improved photosynthetic capacity, Fe/P co-accumulation, and berry quality traits including soluble solid content, sugar–acid ratio, and phenolic and aroma metabolite profiles. Crucially, integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling identified 631 differentially expressed genes and 838 differentially accumulated metabolites, converging on flavonoid biosynthesis and glutathione metabolism as the dominant regulatory axes. Correlation network analysis pinpointed five hub regulatory genes—VvHCT, VvFLS1, VvLAR1/2, VvUGT88F5, and VvODC—as central orchestrators of nanomaterial-driven metabolic reprogramming: VvHCT and VvFLS1 coordinately redirected carbon flux toward hydroxycinnamic acid conjugates and flavonol accumulation, while VvLAR1/2 governed proanthocyanidin polymerization, and VvUGT88F5 modulated glycosylation-dependent metabolite stabilization. Notably, VvODC linked polyamine metabolism to glutathione-mediated stress buffering, revealing a previously uncharacterized crosstalk between nano-iron signaling and antioxidant reprogramming. These findings establish a mechanistic framework in which nZVI and KH₂PO₄ synergistically remodel the secondary metabolome through discrete yet interconnected transcriptional nodes, providing molecular targets for nano-enabled precision viticulture and broader applications of engineered nanomaterials in high-value crop improvement. Full article

Sarcopenia is an age-related syndrome characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, significantly impairing older adults’ independence and quality of life. Given their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and metabolic regulatory properties, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have emerged as a promising nutritional strategy to mitigate this muscle degeneration. This review systematically synthesizes existing evidence regarding the association between n-3 PUFAs and sarcopenia. To capture the relevant literature, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang Data using a combination of subject headings and free-text terms. We supplemented primary search terms—such as “n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids,” “omega-3 fatty acids,” “sarcopenia,” and “muscle mass”—with mechanism-related keywords like “inflammation,” “muscle satellite cells,” and “oxidative stress.” We also manually screened the reference lists of the included literature. Our inclusion criteria encompassed interventional studies, observational studies, and high-quality reviews, while excluding conference abstracts, duplicate publications, and studies with incomplete data. This review first outlines the established biological mechanisms linking n-3 PUFAs to the pathological progression of sarcopenia, specifically detailing how these fatty acids improve muscle satellite cell function, suppress inflammation and oxidative stress, and ameliorate metabolic disorders. Next, we critically evaluate recent clinical studies and reviews, analyzing sources of study heterogeneity such as variations in sample size, intervention dose and duration, outcome measures, and baseline participant characteristics. We also highlight current research hotspots—including specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), the gut–organ axis, combined interventions, and precision nutrition strategies—while emphasizing the functional differences between EPA and DHA to guide future intervention designs. Current evidence indicates that while n-3 PUFA supplementation can improve muscle strength and physical performance in older adults, its effects on muscle mass remain inconsistent. Addressing key research gaps, particularly the lack of standardized core outcome measures and unclear dose–response relationships, is critical. Ultimately, future research must prioritize developing high-bioavailability formulations, conducting personalized trials based on baseline n-3 PUFA status, and deepening investigations into inter-organ networks to translate these nutritional insights into effective sarcopenia prevention and management strategies. Full article

Geroprotective molecules are currently being actively investigated for the prevention of skin aging. An overview of geroprotectors in dermatology encompasses agents such as antioxidants, ultraviolet (UV) photoprotective agents, chemical peels, and carbon dioxide (CO₂) lasers, each with inherent limitations, including poor tolerability in individuals with sensitive skin. Regarding biostimulators, high-molecular-weight peptides (exceeding 500 kDa) exhibit limited cutaneous bioavailability, underscoring the need for low-molecular-weight geroprotective compounds. One such candidate is dehydroepiandrosterone DHEA, a neurosteroid with anti-aging and anti-stress properties, which also serves as a precursor to sex steroids. Although topical hormone replacement therapy with estrogens and androgens is being utilized, it remains confined to formal hormone replacement regimens and is associated with a significant adverse effect profile. The aim of this review was to analyze the key molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of DHEA on the skin, with particular emphasis on its metabolism and sex- and age-dependent mechanisms of action. Additionally, this review seeks to elucidate the factors contributing to the absence of approved topical DHEA formulations and to outline the potential of DHEA as an anti-aging agent in dermatological applications. DHEA has demonstrated significant skin-improving effects in several studies; its investigation has been predominantly confined to postmenopausal women. Furthermore, the outcome measures employed in these studies lacked specificity. DHEA is not permitted for use in cosmetic products within the European Union due to its hormonal activity. Its use is only allowed as an extemporaneous formulation under the established regulatory frameworks of individual countries. The indications for its use and the appropriate dosage for men and women must be clearly defined based on the results of future clinical studies. Promising research directions include the pharmacogenetic characterization of steroidogenic enzymes and sex hormone receptors, as well as the evaluation of DHEA in both sexes, specifically in premenopausal women and in men presenting with late-onset hypogonadism. Additionally, the biological effects of the primary metabolites of DHEA, androstenedione, and 5-androstenediol, on the cutaneous function remain unexplored, including their potential anti-aging activity mediated through retinoid receptor activation. Full article

Excessive glucocorticoids induced by stress trigger hepatic lipid metabolism disorder and oxidative stress in poultry, impairing growth performance and welfare. At the same time, resveratrol (RSV) has antioxidant and lipid-regulating properties, but the protective mechanisms in corticosterone (CORT)-challenged broilers remain unclear. This study investigated RSV’s effects on CORT-induced hepatic damage in AA broilers, with 240 one-day-old broilers randomized into three groups: control (basal diet), CORT (basal diet + 4 mg/kg BW CORT intraperitoneal injection), and RSV (400 mg/kg RSV-supplemented diet + CORT injection). Growth performance, hepatic redox status, serum biochemistry, liver histopathology, and gene/protein expression related to antioxidant/lipid metabolism were determined. The growth performance of AA broilers injected with CORT was significantly affected, showing reduced body weight gain (p < 0.05), increased abdominal fat content (p < 0.05), and hepatomegaly (p < 0.05). The addition of RSV in the diet significantly reduced abdominal fat accumulation and hepatomegaly (p < 0.05), improving the growth performance of broilers; Effects of RSV on liver function and lipid metabolism of CORT-treated AA broilers: After CORT injection, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and total bile acid (TBA) content significantly increased (p < 0.05). Hepatic total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) increased after CORT injection (p < 0.05), causing severe liver damage. RSV supplementation could reverse the increases in serum ALP, ALT, and AST activity (p < 0.05) and reduce TBA content in stressed broilers (p < 0.05). TC and TG levels in the liver decreased under the alleviation of RSV (p < 0.05), and serum TG levels declined (p < 0.05). Microscopic and ultrastructural observations showed that after CORT injection, hepatic tissue cells were swollen, scattered fat vacuoles were present, pores were enlarged, and intracellular lipid droplets appeared. The RSV group significantly alleviated hepatocyte damage, reduced vacuolation, showed uniform chromatin, and decreased lipid droplets. RSV significantly mitigated the CORT-induced increase in SREBP-1 mRNA and protein expression and the decrease in PPARα protein expression; CORT caused a decline in the antioxidant function of AA broiler livers, with significant decreases in SOD and GSH-PX (p < 0.05), and the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream genes also showed a decreasing trend. Compared to the CORT group, the RSV group exhibited significant increases in liver CAT, SOD, and GSH-PX (p < 0.05), and Nrf2 protein expression was elevated (p < 0.05). In summary, resveratrol can alleviate the decline in growth performance, liver steatosis, and hepatic oxidative stress in AA broilers induced by CORT, downregulate lipogenic genes such as SREBP-1c, regulate liver lipid metabolism, and mitigate CORT-induced hepatic oxidative stress in broilers by upregulating the Nrf2 pathway. Full article