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River Floodplain Restoration

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Quality and Contamination".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 11637

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Civil, Construction & Environmental Engineering, University of New Mexico
Interests: ecohydraulics; floodplains; socio-ecological systems; resilience; climate change; headwater systems

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Guest Editor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University
Interests: floodplain management; ecological flows; water resources resilience; freshwater conservation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

River floodplains are some of the most biologically diverse and productive ecosystems on earth. Fluvial dynamics associated with flooding play a major role in maintaining a diversity of lotic, lentic, and semi-aquatic habitat types across space and time. Further, a river’s lateral connectivity with its floodplain supports hydrodynamic, geomorphic, and ecological processes that sustain diverse ecosystems while providing ecosystem services such as floodwave attenuation and improved water quality. In spite of the important functions provided by river floodplains, humans have dramatically modified floodplain features and the supporting natural flow regimes for nearly every major river in the temperate zone, and this has been accompanied by a loss in biodiversity and the underlying hydrologic, geomorphic, and ecological functionality. To address this challenge, governments around the world have invested heavily in restoring floodplain systems, using both direct and indirect methods. Direct methods include mechanical interventions to stabilize, destabilize, reconnect, or otherwise construct desired floodplain forms, along with clearing of invasive vegetation species, levee setbacks, and even removal of infrastructure. Indirect approaches are focused on restoring components of the natural flow and sediment regimes along with other watershed and riparian corridor management approaches. This Special Issue aims to advance understanding of fundamental and practical elements of river floodplain restoration approaches including advancements in restoration frameworks, design approaches, numerical models, applications of remote sensing, significant case studies, and other relevant research. We are particularly interested in retrospective articles that critique and advance understanding of floodplain restoration approaches based on historical projects.

Dr. Mark C. Stone
Dr. Ryan R. Morrison
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • floodplains
  • connectivity
  • restoration
  • hydrodynamics
  • morphodynamics
  • biodiversity
  • natural flow regime
  • sediment transport

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

17 pages, 6318 KiB  
Review
Nutrient Retention in Ecologically Functional Floodplains: A Review
by Brad A. Gordon, Olivia Dorothy and Christian F. Lenhart
Water 2020, 12(10), 2762; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12102762 - 4 Oct 2020
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 11072
Abstract
Nutrient loads in fresh and coastal waters continue to lead to harmful algal blooms across the globe. Historically, floodplains—low-lying areas adjacent to streams and rivers that become inundated during high-flow events—would have been nutrient deposition and/or removal sites within riparian corridors, but many [...] Read more.
Nutrient loads in fresh and coastal waters continue to lead to harmful algal blooms across the globe. Historically, floodplains—low-lying areas adjacent to streams and rivers that become inundated during high-flow events—would have been nutrient deposition and/or removal sites within riparian corridors, but many floodplains have been developed and/or disconnected. This review synthesizes literature and data available from field studies quantifying nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) removal within floodplains across North America and Europe to determine how effective floodplain restoration is at removing nutrients. The mean removal of nitrate-N (NO3-N), the primary form of N in floodplain studies, was 200 (SD = 198) kg-N ha−1 year−1, and of total or particulate P was 21.0 (SD = 31.4) kg-P ha−1 year−1. Based on the literature, more effective designs of restored floodplains should include optimal hydraulic load, permanent wetlands, geomorphic diversity, and dense vegetation. Floodplain restorations along waterways with higher nutrient concentrations could lead to a more effective investment for nutrient removal. Overall, restoring and reconnecting floodplains throughout watersheds is a viable and effective means of removing nutrients while also restoring the many other benefits that floodplains provide. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue River Floodplain Restoration)
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