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18 pages, 5347 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Seasonal Water Level Fluctuation and Concomitant Change of Nutrients Shift Microeukaryotic Communities in a Shallow Lake

by Yang Liu, Ze Ren, Xiaodong Qu, Min Zhang, Yang Yu and Wenqi Peng

Water 2020, 12(9), 2317; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12092317 - 19 Aug 2020

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2685

Abstract

Seasonal water level fluctuations (WLFs) impose dramatic influences on lake ecosystems. The influences of WLFs have been well studied for many lake biotas but the microeukaryotic community remains one of the least-explored features. This study employed high-throughput 18S rRNA gene sequencing to investigate [...] Read more.

Seasonal water level fluctuations (WLFs) impose dramatic influences on lake ecosystems. The influences of WLFs have been well studied for many lake biotas but the microeukaryotic community remains one of the least-explored features. This study employed high-throughput 18S rRNA gene sequencing to investigate the spatiotemporal patterns of microeukaryotic communities in the dry and wet seasons with concomitant change of nutrients in Poyang Lake, which experiences huge seasonal WLFs. The results showed that the dry season and wet season had distinct microeukaryotic community compositions and structures. In the dry season, Ciliophora (13.86–40.98%) and Cryptomonas (3.69–18.64%) were the dominant taxa, and the relative abundance of these taxa were significant higher in the dry season than wet season. Ochrophyta (6.88–45.67%) and Chlorophyta (6.31–22.10%) was the dominant taxa of microeukaryotic communities in the wet season. The seasonal variation of microeukaryotic communities was strongly correlated to seasonal nutrient variations. Microeukaryotic communities responded significantly to dissolved organic carbon, total nitrogen, nitrate, and soluble reactive phosphorus in the dry season, and correlated to nitrate and total phosphorus in the wet season. The microeukaryotic community showed different modular structures in two seasons, and nutrient variations were the key factors influencing seasonal variations of the modular structures. Moreover, microeukaryotic community networks based on different seasons indicated that the microeukaryotic community co-occurrence patterns were not constant but varied largely associating with the nitrogen and phosphorus variations under the effects of WLFs. Our results are important for understanding how microeukaryotic communities respond to nutrient variation under seasonal water level fluctuation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Environmental DNA and RNA in Aquatic Ecosystems)

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14 pages, 2906 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Nuisance Algae in Ballast Water Facing International Conventions. Insights from DNA Metabarcoding in Ships Arriving in Bay of Biscay

by Alba Ardura, Yaisel J. Borrell, Sara Fernández, Mónica González Arenales, José L. Martínez and Eva Garcia-Vazquez

Water 2020, 12(8), 2168; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12082168 - 31 Jul 2020

Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3007

Abstract

Ballast water is one of the main vectors of transport of nuisance species among marine ports. Neither treatment nor interchange completely reduces the risk of ballast water containing DNA from harmful species, being a signal of potential threat. However, although there are some [...] Read more.

Ballast water is one of the main vectors of transport of nuisance species among marine ports. Neither treatment nor interchange completely reduces the risk of ballast water containing DNA from harmful species, being a signal of potential threat. However, although there are some efficient treatments, they are not available on all ships and there might be some technological/economical constrains for their active and routine usage. Understanding what routes lead to a higher risk of contamination is important for designing targeted surveillance. We analysed ballast water from seven ships arriving in Gijon port (south Bay of Biscay, Spain). DNA metabarcoding was employed for identification of exotic species and harmful algae. One ship carried DNA of 20 risk species in the ballast water. Three ships contained DNA of only one risk species, and three ships had none. Seventy two algae species were found, 22.2% are exotic to the Bay of Biscay and 11.1% are catalogued as harmful. The results demonstrated the importance of continuous surveillance of ballast water. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Environmental DNA and RNA in Aquatic Ecosystems)

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Review

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24 pages, 1159 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperReview

Towards the Optimization of eDNA/eRNA Sampling Technologies for Marine Biosecurity Surveillance

by Holly A. Bowers, Xavier Pochon, Ulla von Ammon, Neil Gemmell, Jo-Ann L. Stanton, Gert-Jan Jeunen, Craig D. H. Sherman and Anastasija Zaiko

Water 2021, 13(8), 1113; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13081113 - 18 Apr 2021

Cited by 43 | Viewed by 10721

Abstract

The field of eDNA is growing exponentially in response to the need for detecting rare and invasive species for management and conservation decisions. Developing technologies and standard protocols within the biosecurity sector must address myriad challenges associated with marine environments, including salinity, temperature, [...] Read more.

The field of eDNA is growing exponentially in response to the need for detecting rare and invasive species for management and conservation decisions. Developing technologies and standard protocols within the biosecurity sector must address myriad challenges associated with marine environments, including salinity, temperature, advective and deposition processes, hydrochemistry and pH, and contaminating agents. These approaches must also provide a robust framework that meets the need for biosecurity management decisions regarding threats to human health, environmental resources, and economic interests, especially in areas with limited clean-laboratory resources and experienced personnel. This contribution aims to facilitate dialogue and innovation within this sector by reviewing current approaches for sample collection, post-sampling capture and concentration of eDNA, preservation, and extraction, all through a biosecurity monitoring lens. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Environmental DNA and RNA in Aquatic Ecosystems)

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