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Risk Characterization, Assessment, and Management Derived from Water for Environmental/Human Health

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water and One Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 July 2025 | Viewed by 1667

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Cheng Yan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: quantitative microbial risk assessment; microbiological contamination in environments; assessment and methodology; public and human health; bioaerosol; bioaerosol sensor; airborne microorganisms and biological particles; bio-fluorophore particles; laser-induced fluorescence
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Annalaura Carducci

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via S. Zeno 35/39, 56127 Pisa, Italy
Interests: hygiene; public health; infectious diseases; risk assessment; environmental virology; water; aerosol; health literacy; risk communication; occupational health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Worldwide attention has been gradually drawn to the threat of pollution and its risks to the environment and human health since the publication of Silent Spring in 1962 by Rachel Carson.

Currently, water pollution is the most significant environmental risk factor for disease and has been responsible for millions of premature deaths per year, according to the Lancet Commission on Water Pollution and Health Report. Considering the significance of water for human development, water pollution undoubtedly gives rise to unhealthy environments, which have been closely linked to impaired human health.

It is thus increasingly clear that water pollution is a global issue and that its diverse impacts on the environment and its far-reaching influence on human health transcend the boundaries of the interaction between environmental disciplines and other disciplines, demanding the development of a systematical academic response. Processes for adequate risk characterization and assessment should be established to precisely estimate the probability of the various health effects of exposure to water pollution conditions within communities.

Therefore, more attention should be given to the rigorous assessment and risk characterization derived from water in relation to environmental/human health as these are naturally required to help with managing water pollution and preventing pollution-related health risks.

Works addressing these topics are invited to this Special Issue to share innovative research on the frameworks of risk characterization and assessment, as well as provide guidance for subsequent research on the management strategies for environmental/human health. Works on health risk related to the industrial Internet of Things (IIOTs) or artificial intelligence (AI) are highly recommended. Findings in this Special Issue will be of significant interest to the diverse readership of Water.

Dr. Cheng Yan
Prof. Dr. Annalaura Carducci
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • water and human development
  • water pollution
  • risk assessment
  • environmental health risks
  • human health risks
  • hazard identification
  • dose–response assessment
  • exposure assessment
  • risk characterization

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 3329 KiB  
Article
Dissemination Characteristics and Exposure Risk Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance Genes via Aerosols from Wastewater Treatment Processes
by Diangang Ding, Jianbin Sun, Mingjia Chi, Lan Liu, Zening Ren and Jianwei Liu
Water 2025, 17(9), 1305; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17091305 - 27 Apr 2025
Viewed by 304
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been confirmed as reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This study systematically investigated the distribution patterns of ARGs across different treatment units in municipal WWTPs, along with the environmental drivers, dissemination characteristics, and exposure risks of aerosol-borne ARGs [...] Read more.
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been confirmed as reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This study systematically investigated the distribution patterns of ARGs across different treatment units in municipal WWTPs, along with the environmental drivers, dissemination characteristics, and exposure risks of aerosol-borne ARGs in aerated tank environments. The results revealed a high compositional similarity in aerosol-borne ARGs across the sampling sites, with multidrug ARGs predominating at an average relative abundance of 52%, followed sequentially by tetracycline (11%), MLS (10%), and glycopeptide resistance genes (7%). The diffusion of aerosol-borne ARGs is significantly influenced by environmental factors including temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and total suspended particulate (TSP) concentration, with temperature being the most dominant factor affecting the dispersion of ARGs. The atmospheric dispersion model demonstrates that aerosol-borne ARGs decay with increasing downwind distance, showing potential for transport from aeration tanks to locations exceeding 1500 m along the prevailing wind direction. Both within wastewater treatment units and downwind areas, adult males had higher respiratory exposure doses but lower skin contact doses compared to females, with respiratory doses exceeding skin contact by 3–4 orders of magnitude. This study highlights the potential health risks posed by aerosol-borne ARG transmission from WWTP operations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Risk Characterization, Assessment, and Management Derived from Water for Environmental/Human Health)
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16 pages, 3551 KiB  
Article
Ecological Impact of Spartina alterniflora Control Methods on Tiaozini Wetland Against the Background of Carbon Neutrality
by Xinyi Wang, Qingyi He, Xiao Chen, Xueshi Zhang, Xinshan Song, Xiang Li and Xin Cao
Water 2025, 17(6), 877; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17060877 - 18 Mar 2025
Viewed by 272
Abstract
The Tiaozini wetland is an important part of the Yancheng Coastal Wetland, which is a World Natural Heritage Site. With the invasion of Spartina alterniflora, the ecology of the wetland has been severely damaged. The local government has carried out an ecological [...] Read more.
The Tiaozini wetland is an important part of the Yancheng Coastal Wetland, which is a World Natural Heritage Site. With the invasion of Spartina alterniflora, the ecology of the wetland has been severely damaged. The local government has carried out an ecological project to remove Spartina alterniflora, but the long-term influence of ecological projects is unknown. In order to explore the overall impact of ecological restoration projects, the soil at different depths (0~20 cm, 20~40 cm, 40~60 cm) was collected in the plowing area, flooding area, and suaeda area of the Tiaozini wetland. Then, the physicochemical properties and the microbial community of the soil were comprehensively analyzed. The Tiaozini wetland has made satisfactory progress in controlling Spartina alterniflora. And the results show that Tiaozini wetland still plays an important role in carbon sequestration, with the soil organic carbon density ranging from 34.23 ± 0.02 kg/m2 to 56.07 ± 0.04 kg/m2, which makes it an important blue carbon sink. The high salinity and invasion of Spartina alterniflora inhibit soil nitrogen, phosphorus cycling, and soil enzyme activities. In addition, plowing destroys the microbial structure and reduces the biodiversity of the soil. While the integrated management method has little negative impact on the microbial communities of soil, the invasion of Spartina alterniflora can lead to the accumulation of heavy metals in the environment. Accordingly, this paper further reveals that regional heavy metals are all lower than the background value, but the Er (potential ecological risk factor of heavy metals) of Cd reached 21.35, indicating a high risk. Furthermore, this paper provides a scientific basis for the government to control Spartina alterniflora, as well as focusing on the overall impact of treatment methods on environmental factors and microorganisms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Risk Characterization, Assessment, and Management Derived from Water for Environmental/Human Health)
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25 pages, 40405 KiB  
Article
An Evaluation of Eco-Environmental Quality Based on the Fused Remote Sensing Ecological Index (FRSEI) in the Jinjie Coal Mine Area, Northwest China
by Xudong Cui, Xiaofan Gu, Xiangzhi You, Xiaoya Wang, Xin Zhang and Min Yang
Water 2025, 17(2), 223; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17020223 - 15 Jan 2025
Viewed by 685
Abstract
This study focused on the Jinjie mining area by addressing the severe resource and environmental issues arising from excessive coal mining in Shenmu County, Northwest China. Multi-source remote sensing data from GF-1 and Landsat 8 OLI were utilized in this study. Specifically, the [...] Read more.
This study focused on the Jinjie mining area by addressing the severe resource and environmental issues arising from excessive coal mining in Shenmu County, Northwest China. Multi-source remote sensing data from GF-1 and Landsat 8 OLI were utilized in this study. Specifically, the fused remote sensing ecological index (FRSEI) was constructed to conduct a detailed evaluation and analysis of the eco-environmental quality in the mining area from 2013 to 2023. The results indicated that the overall eco-environmental quality of the Jinjie mining area exhibited a trend of initial improvement, followed by degradation, and then improvement again over the decade. The eco-environmental quality of the mine pits and their surrounding areas was significantly lower than the overall level, confirming the destructive impact of coal mining on the eco-environment. Meanwhile, as the study area, Shenmu County is actively utilizing coal mining subsidence areas to develop the photovoltaic power generation industry, aiming to achieve green and low-carbon transformation. Although the construction of photovoltaic power plants initially led to the degradation of the condition of vegetation and the FRSEI, both gradually improved after the plants were operational. Furthermore, by comparing the FRSEI with the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) calculated solely using Landsat 8 OLI data, we found a high degree of similarity between the two, thereby validating the stability and accuracy of the FRSEI. This study not only provides high-precision data support for eco-environmental monitoring in mining areas but also highlights the potential of multi-source remote sensing data fusion technology in improving monitoring accuracy, further providing a scientific basis for formulating sustainable development strategies specifically for the eco-environment in mining areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Risk Characterization, Assessment, and Management Derived from Water for Environmental/Human Health)
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