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Aquaculture and Nutrition
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Aquaculture and Nutrition

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water, Agriculture and Aquaculture".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (23 September 2022) | Viewed by 17434

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ahmed Mustafa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biology, Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN, USA
Interests: aquaculture; fish and shellfish; aquatic invertebrates; stress; physiology; immunology; nutrtion
Dr. Timothy J. Bruce

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36829, USA
Interests: fish health and disease; aquaculture nutrition; microbiology; vaccines; aquaculture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As the need for food security climbs alongside a growing global population, aquaculture provides a sustainable and effective means for propagating aquatic organisms for human consumption. Over the past decades, novel enhancements to aquaculture technologies aquaculture nutrition have allowed for this sector to rapidly develop and expand seafood production. Aquaculture technologies, such as recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), the development of new culture species, and genetic enhancements or selective breeding have all created new insights for this field. The scope of aquaculture nutrition has been greatly expanded through the use of alternative feed ingredients, the incorporation of health-promoting feed additives, the development of species-specific nutrient requirements and the optimization of diet formulations. Through these advancements, there is further refinement and efficiency for sustainable protein production across the globe. This Special Issue of Water will highlight new technologies, novel research, and innovative reviews for a variety of cultured fish and shellfish species.

Dr. Ahmed Mustafa
Dr. Timothy J. Bruce
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aquaculture
  • nutrition
  • alternative feed ingredients
  • recirculating aquaculture system
  • production

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 1080 KiB  
Article
Can Taurine Supplementation in a Diet with Soybean Meal Instead of Fish Meal Improve the Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, and Antioxidant Capacity of Spotted Knifejaw (Oplegnathus punctatus)?
by Duoting Wu, Hanying Xu, Yunxia Yang, Wenping Feng, Tao Han and Jiteng Wang
Water 2022, 14(21), 3393; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14213393 - 26 Oct 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2453
Abstract
To determine the impact of replacing fish meal (FM) in the diet with various levels of soybean meal (SBM) on the spotted knifejaw Oplegnathus punctatus, a 56 day feeding trial was done. Seven diets were formulated with SBM to replace 0% (SBM0), [...] Read more.
To determine the impact of replacing fish meal (FM) in the diet with various levels of soybean meal (SBM) on the spotted knifejaw Oplegnathus punctatus, a 56 day feeding trial was done. Seven diets were formulated with SBM to replace 0% (SBM0), 30% (SBM30), 40% (SBM40), 50% (SBM50), 60% (SBM60), and 70% (SBM70) of FM protein, and SBM50 + T was developed on the basis of SBM50 with the addition of 1.2% taurine. There were triplicate groups of 18 fish (initial weight: 14.62 ± 0.02 g). The weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency (FE), and protein efficiency ratio (PER) values of the SBM0, SBM30, and SBM50 + T groups were found to be significantly higher than those of the SBM60 and SBM70 groups (p < 0.05). The daily energy gain (DEG), daily nitrogen gain (DNG), daily lipid gain (DLG), energy retention (ER), nitrogen retention (NR), and lipid retention (LR) values decreased significantly with increasing dietary SBM levels (p < 0.05). The highest retention of most amino acids (except lysine) was observed in the SBM30 group (p < 0.05). The lipid content of the whole body and dorsal muscle decreased significantly as dietary SBM levels increased (p < 0.05). Fish fed the SBM70 diet had the lowest serum triglyceride (TG) concentrations (p < 0.05). The effects of different treatments on total cholesterol (T-CHO) were not significant (p > 0.05). Fish fed the SBM0 and SBM30 diets had the highest amylase (AMS) and lipase (LPS) activities (p < 0.05). The lowest liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were observed in the SBM70 group. The malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration of the SBM50 to SBM70 groups were significantly higher than that of other groups (p < 0.05). The levels of interleukin 8 (il-8) mRNA were highest in fish fed the SBM0, SBM30, and SBM50 + T diets (p < 0.05), while the level of transforming growth factor β1 (tgf-β1) was the opposite (p < 0.05). According to the broken line regression of WG and FE, the highest level of FM substitution by SBM for Oplegnathus punctatus was 24.07–25.31%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaculture and Nutrition)
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20 pages, 5019 KiB  
Article
Economic Viability and Seasonal Impacts of Integrated Rice-Prawn-Vegetable Farming on Agricultural Households in Southwest Bangladesh
by Md. Mehedi Alam, Kishor Kumar Tikadar, Neaz A. Hasan, Rabeya Akter, Abul Bashar, A. K. Shakur Ahammad, Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman, Md Rushna Alam and Mohammad Mahfujul Haque
Water 2022, 14(17), 2756; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14172756 - 4 Sep 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4903
Abstract
Integrated aquaculture is an efficient method to address food scarcity and land resources. This study analysed the impacts of integrated rice–prawn–vegetable farms (RPVF) compared with conventional rice farms (CRF) on farming households in southwest Bangladesh, in terms of cropping pattern, financial profitability and [...] Read more.
Integrated aquaculture is an efficient method to address food scarcity and land resources. This study analysed the impacts of integrated rice–prawn–vegetable farms (RPVF) compared with conventional rice farms (CRF) on farming households in southwest Bangladesh, in terms of cropping pattern, financial profitability and viability, and cash-flow. Data were collected through face-to-face recall interviews from farmers of CRF and RPVF. For RPVF, farmers cultivated diverse produce in the wet season, such as prawn/shrimp, carps in reservoirs and vegetables on dikes, and boro rice with vegetables in the dry season, whereas only rice was cultivated in both seasons for CRF. The annual hectare−1 net revenue from integrated RPVF was USD 2742.7, 3.6 times higher than for CRF (USD 756.6). RPVF had a higher undiscounted benefit–cost ratio (BCR) of 1.58 as compared with 1.34 for CRF. Net Present Value (NPV) and discounted BCR show that the integrated RPVF has higher potential and profitability than CRF. Year-round vegetable production and selling have resulted in a smooth cash-flow in integrated RPVF. Authorised extension agencies, such as the Department of Fisheries and Department of Agricultural Extension collaboratively can promote RPVF in other potential parts of Bangladesh, through which farmers can benefit year after year by investing farm income for the same farm and envisage food security. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaculture and Nutrition)
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14 pages, 3578 KiB  
Article
Monitoring Bacterial Community Dynamics in Abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) and the Correlations Associated with Aquatic Diseases
by Ting Zhang, Hui Zhu, Juan Wang, Xiaozhi Lin, Jiangyong Wang, Yisheng Huang, Bing Li, Hongli Mou, Xilan Ma and Ruixuan Wang
Water 2022, 14(11), 1769; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14111769 - 31 May 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2777
Abstract
Bacteria are an integral component of their host. However, information about the microbiota living in and around many aquatic animals is lacking. In this study, multiplex bar-coded pyrosequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was used to monitor the dynamics of abalone, Haliotis [...] Read more.
Bacteria are an integral component of their host. However, information about the microbiota living in and around many aquatic animals is lacking. In this study, multiplex bar-coded pyrosequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was used to monitor the dynamics of abalone, Haliotis discus hannai, bacterial communities in the intestine, water from cement culture ponds, and surrounding sea areas. Correlations between the bacterial communities and common aquaculture diseases were also evaluated. A total of 329,798 valid sequences and 15,277 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) from 32 samples were obtained by 454 tag amplicon pyrosequencing. The Shannon indices of the seawater samples ranged from 2.84 to 5.6 and the Shannon indices of the abalone intestine samples ranged from 1.2 to 5.12, which were much lower than those of seawater. The dominant phyla in seawater samples were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria, Cyanobacteria, etc. The dominant phyla in the abalone intestine varied greatly in different months. The dominant genera in the seawater of the cement culture ponds changed in different months, mainly Psychrilyobacter and Pseudoalteromonas. The dominant genera in seawater from the open sea vary considerably between months. The dominant genus of bacteria in the abalone intestine during the months when abalones are susceptible to disease is mainly Mycoplasma spp. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that bacterial communities in seawater and the intestine responded differently to environmental variables, with similar microbiota in the same area. pH, dissolved oxygen concentration, and temperature were closely related to the samples from the sea area. Oxidation-reduction potential, salinity, phosphate, nitrate, and ammonia nitrogen concentrations were closely related to the water samples from the artificial pools. These findings may add significantly to our understanding of the complex interactions between microbiota and environmental variables in the abalone intestine as well as in the surrounding seawater. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaculture and Nutrition)
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Review

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15 pages, 613 KiB  
Review
Microbial Interactions, Growth, and Health of Aquatic Species in Biofloc Systems
by Uthpala Padeniya, Donald Allen Davis, Daniel E. Wells and Timothy J. Bruce
Water 2022, 14(24), 4019; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14244019 - 9 Dec 2022
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 5645
Abstract
Biofloc technology involves the manipulation of the culture system’s carbon: nitrogen ratio to promote bacterial community growth to convert toxic nitrogenous wastes and organics into functional microbial protein; this protein can then be used as a food source and mediate water quality. Biofloc [...] Read more.
Biofloc technology involves the manipulation of the culture system’s carbon: nitrogen ratio to promote bacterial community growth to convert toxic nitrogenous wastes and organics into functional microbial protein; this protein can then be used as a food source and mediate water quality. Biofloc systems have several advantages, which include improved biosecurity, feed conversion, water use efficiency, and nutrient processing. Analyzing the nutritional value and the relationship between high production of aquacultural practices using biofloc is essential. Many studies have demonstrated that biofloc increases the growth of aquatic species by acting as a food source or providing bioactive compounds. Other than this, the beneficial micro-organisms in biofloc systems contain compounds such as organic acids that could resist the growth of pathogenic microbes. They will also serve as a natural probiotic and increase the immunity and survival of fish and shrimp. This technology could be useful for further integration within many aspects of aquaculture production when microbial interactions are considered. However, future studies must fully understand the principles and mechanisms behind the benefits of interactions between biofloc and cultured fish and crustacean species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaculture and Nutrition)
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