West Nile Virus 2025–2026

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Viruses".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2027 | Viewed by 890

Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Animal Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
Interests: West Nile virus

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Guest Editor
1. National Laboratory of Virology, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
2. Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biology, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
Interests: next-generation sequencing; bat virology; viral zoonoses; filoviruses; coronaviruses; zoology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

More than two decades after its emergence in the Western Hemisphere, West Nile virus (WNV) remains a significant public health and veterinary concern across the globe. As the most widely distributed arbovirus, WNV continues to challenge researchers and public health systems with its dynamic epidemiology, expanding geographic range, and complex ecological interactions. The virus, primarily transmitted by mosquitoes of the Culex genus, affects a broad spectrum of hosts, including birds, humans, and other mammals, making it a model for studying zoonotic and vector-borne diseases.

In recent years, a notable and alarming trend has been the virus's steady expansion in Europe, including its establishment in regions previously considered low-risk. Increasingly frequent outbreaks and detections in more northern territories underscore the influence of climate change, changing vector dynamics, and ecological shifts on WNV transmission. These developments present new challenges for surveillance, preparedness, and control measures across the continent.

At the same time, advances in molecular virology, genomics, and real-time surveillance technologies have expanded our understanding of WNV biology, evolution, and pathogenesis. These insights are driving progress in vaccine development, antiviral therapies, and innovative vector control strategies.

This Special Issue, “West Nile Virus 2025–2026”, aims to bring together cutting-edge research and expert reviews that reflect the current state of the field. We welcome the submission of all types of articles, including short reports, original research, and reviews, for this Special Issue.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Orsolya Korbacska-Kutasi
Dr. Gábor Kemenesi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • West Nile virus
  • epidemiology
  • surveillance
  • biology
  • evolution
  • pathogenesis
  • vaccine development
  • antiviral therapies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 22966 KB  
Article
Exploring the Potential Human Kinase-Viral Substrate Network of West Nile Virus
by Akash Anil, Ayisha A. Jabbar, Vineetha Shaji, Mukhtar Ahmed, Bristow Ben Joseph, Aromal Monipillil Ajayakumar, Prashant Kumar Modi, Abhithaj Jayanandan, Sowmya Soman, Yashwanth Subbannayya and Rajesh Raju
Viruses 2026, 18(8), 825; https://doi.org/10.3390/v18080825 - 27 Jul 2026
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen of escalating epidemiological importance and a growing global health concern, driven by the climate-associated expansion of its Culex mosquito vectors. Although WNV is an extensively studied flavivirus, most host–pathogen interaction studies focus on static and [...] Read more.
West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen of escalating epidemiological importance and a growing global health concern, driven by the climate-associated expansion of its Culex mosquito vectors. Although WNV is an extensively studied flavivirus, most host–pathogen interaction studies focus on static and structural aspects rather than dynamic and functional ones. Delineating phosphorylation-mediated interactions between WNV proteins and human kinases bridges a critical gap by providing important insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying infection. In this study, we investigated potential phosphorylation-mediated interactions between WNV proteins and human kinases using an integrative computational framework combining motif prediction, phosphoproteomic data analysis and structural docking. Key interactions were predicted between viral proteins and regulatory kinases within the AKT-ERK pathway and the AMPK-mediated autophagy, including major network kinases such as RAF1, IKBKB, and ULK1. In addition, experimentally validated phosphorylation sites in viral proteins were found to be associated with multiple candidate host kinases, including MAP2K7 and MAP2K9, suggesting complex regulatory networks. Integration with phosphoproteomic datasets supported the relevance of multiple predicted kinases, including those associated with antiviral responses and translational regulation. Protein–protein docking demonstrated stable, energetically favorable interactions between selected host kinases and viral proteins, particularly the viral polymerase (NS5), helicase (NS3), and NS1. The findings of this study establish a framework for future research on the development of host-directed antiviral strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue West Nile Virus 2025–2026)
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