Advances in Veterinary Nephrology and Urology of Small Animals

A special issue of Veterinary Sciences (ISSN 2306-7381). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Internal Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2026 | Viewed by 1094

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
College of Veterinary Medicine, Università di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
Interests: veterinary nephrology; veterinary urology; hemodialysis in animals; canine and feline renal diseases; extracorporeal blood purification

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Veterinary Medicine, Università di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
Interests: veterinary nephrology; veterinary urology; hemodialysis; small animal medicine; extracorporeal blood purification; clinical research; canine and feline medicine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nephrology and urology are critical fields in small animal veterinary medicine, addressing disorders of the kidneys, urinary tract, and associated systems that significantly impact animal health and quality of life. Recent advances in diagnostic imaging, laboratory biomarkers, minimally invasive procedures, and therapeutic interventions have enhanced the detection, monitoring, and treatment of renal and urinary diseases in dogs and cats. Furthermore, emerging research on molecular mechanisms, genetic predispositions, and comparative pathology provides new insights into disease etiology and progression. This Special Issue, Advances in Veterinary Nephrology and Urology of Small Animals, aims to compile original research, reviews, and case reports that highlight innovative diagnostic tools, novel therapies, and translational studies, ultimately contributing to improved clinical outcomes and the advancement of veterinary nephrology and urology.

Dr. Francesca Perondi
Dr. Ilaria Lippi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • acute kidney disease (AKI)
  • chronic kidney disease (CKD)
  • glomerular disease
  • acute nephritis
  • biomarkers in renal disease
  • urology
  • hemodialysis in dogs and cats
  • extracorporeal blood purification

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 320 KB  
Article
Assessment of Bicarbonate Deficiency in Feline Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease
by Francesca Perondi, Matilde Vernaccini, Silvia Morelli, Veronica Marchetti and Ilaria Lippi
Vet. Sci. 2025, 12(11), 1097; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12111097 - 18 Nov 2025
Viewed by 575
Abstract
Bicarbonate deficiency is a common complication of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), resulting from impaired renal bicarbonate handling. It promotes bone demineralization and calcium–phosphate (CaxP) imbalance. In dogs, elevated CaxP has been linked to increased frequency and severity of [...] Read more.
Bicarbonate deficiency is a common complication of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), resulting from impaired renal bicarbonate handling. It promotes bone demineralization and calcium–phosphate (CaxP) imbalance. In dogs, elevated CaxP has been linked to increased frequency and severity of bicarbonate deficiency. This 10-year study evaluated the prevalence and degree of bicarbonate deficiency in 618 cats diagnosed with AKI, acute-on-chronic kidney disease (ACKD), and CKD, and its association with azotemia and mineral imbalance. A retrospective analysis was conducted on serum biochemical profiles, including creatinine, urea, ionized and total calcium, phosphate, CaxP, and bicarbonate. Cats with incomplete datasets or receiving sodium bicarbonate therapy were excluded. According to IRIS guidelines, bicarbonate deficiency was defined as <16 mmol/L and categorized as moderate (12–16 mmol/L) or severe (<12 mmol/L). Deficiency was found in 45% of cats, of which 63% were moderate and 37% severe. Prevalence was higher in AKI (58%) and ACKD (60%) compared to CKD (38%) (p = 0.002). Negative correlations between bicarbonate and creatinine, phosphate, and CaxP were detected in AKI and CKD, while in ACKD, only creatinine and phosphate correlated. Deficiency increased with disease severity in AKI (p = 0.0145) and CKD (p < 0.0001). Cats with CaxP > 70 mg2/dL2 had higher deficiency rates (p < 0.0001). However, 21% with elevated CaxP had normal bicarbonate, suggesting mineral imbalance may occur independently of acidosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Veterinary Nephrology and Urology of Small Animals)
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