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Toxics
Special Issues
Toxicity of Metal Mixtures to Aquatic Life
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Toxicity of Metal Mixtures to Aquatic Life

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Ecotoxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (18 December 2022) | Viewed by 13206

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Robin D. Calfee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 4200 New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65202, USA
Interests: environmental health; heavy metals; ecotoxicology; behavior; multiple stressors; invasive species
Dr. Holly J Puglis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
Interests: environmental health; heavy metals; ecotoxicology; behavior; multiple stressors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Heavy metals in the environment remain a toxicological and environmental challenge. One major source of metals in the environment is mineral extraction and mining activities. The processes for extraction and mining require physical disturbance of the landscape, thereby releasing complex mixtures of metals into the surrounding soil and water. posing a risk of exposure to aquatic organisms. Waste products such as mine tailings and slag piles are generated from these activities and can cover large areas of land. Despite efforts by regulatory agencies to mitigate for the release of metals into the environment, metal contamination is still a global concern. Additionally, with new technological advances such as nanomaterials, the composition and toxicity of metal mixtures is even more complex, and there is a need to understand how metals interact and what the impacts are to aquatic biota. The goal of this Special Issue is to publish a series of papers by experts on the direct and indirect effects of metal mixtures to aquatic ecosystems. These articles will cover a range of effects such as impacts to behavior, mortality, and to aquatic habitats.

Dr. Robin D. Calfee
Dr. Holly J Puglis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • heavy metals
  • behavior
  • mining
  • ecotoxicology
  • multiple stressors
  • modeling

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1513 KiB  
Article
Relation among Mercury, Selenium, and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Northern Pike (Esox lucius)
by Jason T. Magnuson and Mark B. Sandheinrich
Toxics 2023, 11(3), 244; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11030244 - 05 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1396
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a toxic environmental contaminant associated with oxidative stress in freshwater fish. A known antagonist to Hg, selenium (Se), may reduce the toxic effects of Hg. In this study, the relation among Se, methylmercury (MeHg), inorganic mercury (IHg), total mercury (THg), [...] Read more.
Mercury (Hg) is a toxic environmental contaminant associated with oxidative stress in freshwater fish. A known antagonist to Hg, selenium (Se), may reduce the toxic effects of Hg. In this study, the relation among Se, methylmercury (MeHg), inorganic mercury (IHg), total mercury (THg), and the expression of biomarkers of oxidative stress and metal regulation in livers of northern pike were examined. Livers from northern pike were collected from 12 lakes in Isle Royale National Park, Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore, Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, and Voyageurs National Park. The concentrations of MeHg, THg, and Se were measured in liver tissue, and the expression of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), glutathione s-transferase (gst), and metallothionein (mt) was assessed. There was a positive relationship between the concentrations of THg and Se, with a Hg:Se molar ratio less than one in all livers examined. There was no significant relation between sod, cat, gst, or mt expression and Hg:Se molar ratios. cat and sod expression were significantly related to increases in percent MeHg, relative to THg; however, gst and mt expression were not significantly altered. This suggests that incorporating biomarkers containing Se may be a better indicator than non-selenium-containing proteins of assessing the long-term effect of Hg and the interactions between Hg and Se in the livers of fish, such as northern pike, especially when molar concentrations of Se are greater than Hg. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicity of Metal Mixtures to Aquatic Life)
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Review

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26 pages, 610 KiB  
Review
Outlining Potential Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect to Critical Minerals: Nutritionally Essential Trace Elements and the Rare Earth Elements
by Jill A. Jenkins, MaryLynn Musgrove and Sarah Jane O. White
Toxics 2023, 11(2), 188; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11020188 - 17 Feb 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2481
Abstract
Emerging and low-carbon technologies and innovations are driving a need for domestic sources, sustainable use, and availability of critical minerals (CMs)—those vital to the national and economic security of the United States. Understanding the known and potential health effects of exposures to such [...] Read more.
Emerging and low-carbon technologies and innovations are driving a need for domestic sources, sustainable use, and availability of critical minerals (CMs)—those vital to the national and economic security of the United States. Understanding the known and potential health effects of exposures to such mineral commodities can inform prudent and environmentally responsible handling and harvesting. We review the occurrence, use, predominant exposure pathways, and adverse outcome pathways (AOP) for human and fish receptors of those CMs that are nutritionally essential trace metals (specifically, cobalt, chromium, manganese, nickel, and zinc), as well as the rare earth elements. Biological responses to some elements having comparable biogeochemistry can sometimes be similar. Candidate quantifiable biomarkers for assessing potential AOP are conveyed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicity of Metal Mixtures to Aquatic Life)
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15 pages, 1177 KiB  
Review
Heavy Metal Contamination in the Aquatic Ecosystem: Toxicity and Its Remediation Using Eco-Friendly Approaches
by Veer Singh, Nidhi Singh, Sachchida Nand Rai, Ashish Kumar, Anurag Kumar Singh, Mohan P. Singh, Ansuman Sahoo, Shashank Shekhar, Emanuel Vamanu and Vishal Mishra
Toxics 2023, 11(2), 147; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11020147 - 03 Feb 2023
Cited by 40 | Viewed by 8763
Abstract
Urbanization and industrialization are responsible for environmental contamination in the air, water, and soil. These activities also generate large amounts of heavy metal ions in the environment, and these contaminants cause various types of health issues in humans and other animals. Hexavalent chromium, [...] Read more.
Urbanization and industrialization are responsible for environmental contamination in the air, water, and soil. These activities also generate large amounts of heavy metal ions in the environment, and these contaminants cause various types of health issues in humans and other animals. Hexavalent chromium, lead, and cadmium are toxic heavy metal ions that come into the environment through several industrial processes, such as tanning, electroplating, coal mining, agricultural activities, the steel industry, and chrome plating. Several physical and chemical methods are generally used for the heavy metal decontamination of wastewater. These methods have some disadvantages, including the generation of secondary toxic sludge and high operational costs. Hence, there is a need to develop a cost-effective and eco-friendly method for the removal of heavy metal ions from polluted areas. Biological methods are generally considered eco-friendly and cost-effective. This review focuses on heavy metal contamination, its toxicity, and eco-friendly approaches for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated sites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicity of Metal Mixtures to Aquatic Life)
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