Symmetry in Chemical and Systems Engineering: From Resource Recovery to Sustainable Design

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Engineering and Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 1034

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 8514 Narvik, Norway
Interests: water and wastewater treatment; circular economy; bioenergy production; bio-electrochemical systems; renewable energy; microbial fuel cells (MFCs)

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 8514 Narvik, Norway
Interests: clean energies and environmental technologies; atmospheric icing; winterisation; renewable energy; waste treatment

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue will explore the role of symmetry and asymmetry in chemical and systems engineering, with an emphasis on multiscale processes where balance, pattern, and structure determine performance. Emphasis will be placed on interactions across molecular, process, and spatial scales, where symmetry governs reaction pathways, flow distribution, and the design of resilient system architectures. Contributions may also consider spatial and computational methods that detect or exploit geometric and topological symmetry to optimize distribution patterns. By linking theoretical modeling, simulation, and applied studies, the collection will highlight how symmetry-informed approaches can advance sustainable process integration and innovative engineering solutions.

Dr. Somil Thakur
Prof. Dr. Mohamad Mustafa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

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Publisher’s Notice

The Special Issue has been shifted from Section Chemistry: Symmetry/Asymmetry to Section Engineering and Materials on 15 October 2025. At the time of the move, there were no publications in this Special Issue.

Keywords

  • process integration
  • reaction and transport networks
  • resource recovery pathways
  • geometric and topological symmetry
  • sustainable system design

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 2784 KB  
Article
Experimental Assessment of Effects of Seasonal Variation and Weight Ratio on Mesophilic Biogas Production from Cow Manure
by Mujahid Naseem, Samad Ali Taj, Muhammad Shakeel Afzal, Muhammad Shoaib Naseem and Rajnish Kaur Calay
Symmetry 2026, 18(5), 747; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym18050747 - 27 Apr 2026
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Abstract
Biogas is a renewable energy resource that is not only economical but also fulfills the criteria of net-zero carbon emissions. This is highly favorable for agriculture-based developing countries with an abundance of animal and agricultural waste that can be effectively utilized for biogas [...] Read more.
Biogas is a renewable energy resource that is not only economical but also fulfills the criteria of net-zero carbon emissions. This is highly favorable for agriculture-based developing countries with an abundance of animal and agricultural waste that can be effectively utilized for biogas production. A dual-stage reactor was designed and built to investigate the optimal conditions during the different seasons of winter and summer for mesophilic biogas production utilizing cow manure from local dairy farms. During the experiments, the pH was continuously monitored and automatically controlled between 6.8 and 7.2 over a period of fifteen days for each experiment using an Arduino Mega controller. The weight ratio (rw) of cow manure slurry was varied from 50% to 80%, and the optimal condition was found to be 70%, irrespective of the seasonal variations. However, the statistical analysis suggests that the optimal weight ratio is 66% for both seasons. A maximum reaction yield of 87% was achieved at a rw value of 60% during the summer, with an expected yield of over 95% at a rw value of 70% if similar extreme environmental conditions occur. Employing this apparatus for biogas production requires significant electrical energy to drive the stirrer and pumps, suggesting the use of a conventional underground setup for biogas production, integrated with an automatic pH control module. Full article
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Review

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25 pages, 27185 KB  
Review
A Review of Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Research Outputs on Wastewater Treatment and Water Purification Through Sorption-Based Technologies
by Abhijit Debnath, Anurag Mishra, Archana Pandey, Prabhat Kumar Singh, Yogesh Chandra Sharma and Rajnish Kaur Calay
Symmetry 2026, 18(5), 865; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym18050865 - 20 May 2026
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Abstract
This review focuses on research outputs of water purification, wastewater treatment, metallic remediation, and sorption-based experimental studies. It aims to identify the leading nations contributing to these areas and identify the journals that have published the highest number of papers from 2010 to [...] Read more.
This review focuses on research outputs of water purification, wastewater treatment, metallic remediation, and sorption-based experimental studies. It aims to identify the leading nations contributing to these areas and identify the journals that have published the highest number of papers from 2010 to 2025, and centers on yearly publication trends. A thorough quantitative analysis was carried out to examine key characteristics of adsorbents derived from various materials, as well as symmetry and asymmetry of wastewater treatment for the removal of metallic pollutants. Key adsorption mechanisms—including ion exchange, surface complexation, electrostatic attraction, and pore filling—are discussed alongside the structural roles of symmetric (ordered) and asymmetric (heterogeneous) adsorbent architectures. Data was collected from the Scopus database, focusing on specific keywords like “metal,” “water,” “removal,” “adsorption,” “purification,” “drinking water,” “nano adsorbent,” etc. Among approximately 29,598 publications encompassing research papers, reviews, short communications, conference papers, and book chapters, China emerged as the leading publisher with 11,957 papers, trailed by India (4324 papers), the USA (1825 papers), Iran (1739 papers), Saudi Arabia (1484 papers), Egypt (1318 papers), and Republic of Korea (1194 papers). The bibliometric mapping of conventional adsorbents and nanomaterials used in sorption-based technologies was analyzed using VOSviewer, revealing major research clusters, research hotspots, networks, and evolutionary patterns in wastewater treatment and sorption-based water purification. This study indicates that several journals from Elsevier Ltd. and Springer Nature are leading the field with a large number of publications per year. The analysis reveals a consistent upward trend in the number of research publications in recent years. In sum, the bibliometric data provided highlights the growing relevance of these areas among academicians and acts as a catalyst for further research, motivating researchers to investigate new adsorbents or modifications that could improve adsorption performance while maintaining economic viability and efficiency. Full article
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