Applications of Symmetry Three-Phase Electrical Power Systems

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Engineering and Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 222

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department “Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering“, Faculty of Automatics, Technical University of Sofia, Kliment Ohridski Blvd. 8, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
Interests: electrical engineering: fundamentals, overvoltage and short current protections; electricity power demand analysis; transient analysis in electrical circuits; stability analysis of linear and non-linear circuits and systems under interval uncertainty; machine learning; deep learning; neural networks; cryptographic methods for data security

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Guest Editor
Depаrtment “Computer systems”, Faculty of Computer Systems and Technologies, Technical Unversity of Sofia, Kliment Ohridski Blvd. 8, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
Interests: artificial intelligence; machine learning and deep learning; neural networks; pattern recognition; image analysis; optimization algorithms; metaheuristics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Three-Phase Electrical Power Systems are widely used in industry. All factories are supplied by three-phase voltage, yet real three-phase circuits are always asymmetrical. This asymmetry can be found either in the generators or in the consumers or in both places. When new consumers are switched on or when faults occur (as short or open circuits), the normal functioning of the system is affected. And then it is necessary to analyse the overvoltages and short currents that occur there. The study of transience in three-phase asymmetric systems is essential. Cybersecurity in three-phase power systems has always been at the forefront. This is an essential condition for the necessary development of new algorithms and their implementation with innovative technical tools and devices. 

In this context, we are pleased to invite you to submit articles related to the problems you have researched in three-phase electrical systems.

The aim of the Special Issue is to publish articles related to the following topics of the journal Symmetry’s “Computer Section” (especially cybersecurity in three-phase systems) and “Engineering and Materials Section” (especially new materials, technologies and technical solutions, implemented in real three-phase systems).

All original, unpublished research manuscripts, comments about published articles and reviews are welcome. To help you in preparing materials for your papers, you can focus on the following topics mentioned below. These are recommendations, and the scope of the Special Issue is not limited to these.

Some suggested themes, appropriate for this Special Issue are as follows:

  • New schematic solutions to prevent breakdown modes in three-phase modes;
  • Using new materials for the isolation of conductors, preventing critical situations in three phase systems;
  • Applying artificial intelligence (machine learning or deep learning methods) to detect faults in conductors;
  • Applying artificial intelligence (machine learning or deep learning methods) to forecast the appearance of possible faults in conductors and in the whole system;
  • Proposing control systems, considering the non-linear characteristics of electronic devices, to work in three phase systems;
  • Data security against unauthorised access and hacker attacks.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Simona Filipova-Petrakieva
Prof. Dr. Milena Lazarova
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Symmetry is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • overvoltage and short-current protections
  • transient analysis
  • data cybersecurity
  • machine learning
  • deep learning
  • metaheuristics

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 8000 KiB  
Article
Improved Bipolar Coordinate Control Strategy for 400 Hz Inverter in Aviation Ground Power Supply
by Xinwen Bi, Shuairan Yu, Pengfei Liu and Yanming Cheng
Symmetry 2025, 17(5), 716; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17050716 - 7 May 2025
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Abstract
This paper presents an enhanced bipolar control strategy for 400 Hz three-phase inverters in aviation ground power supplies, with a focus on maintaining symmetry in power output under unbalanced load conditions. The strategy integrates Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control (LADRC) for robust positive [...] Read more.
This paper presents an enhanced bipolar control strategy for 400 Hz three-phase inverters in aviation ground power supplies, with a focus on maintaining symmetry in power output under unbalanced load conditions. The strategy integrates Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control (LADRC) for robust positive sequence voltage regulation, Proportional Integral with repetitive control (PI + RC) for harmonic suppression in positive sequence currents, and a Quasi-Proportional Resonance (QPR) controller for negative sequence components in the static coordinate system. By doing so, it simplifies negative sequence control and combines PI + RC to improve the dynamic response and eliminate periodic errors. In the context of symmetry, the proposed strategy effectively reduces the total harmonic distortion (THD) and the three-phase current imbalance degree. Simulation results show significant improvements: under balanced loads, THD is reduced by 41.5% (from 1.95% to 1.14%) compared to traditional PI control; under single-phase and three-phase unbalanced loads, THD decreases by 52.7% (2.56% to 1.21%) and 48.1% (2.39% to 1.24%), respectively. The system’s settling time during load transients is shortened by over 30%, and the three-phase current imbalance degree is reduced by 60–70%, which validates the strategy’s effectiveness in enhancing power quality and system stability, thus restoring and maintaining the symmetry of the power output. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Symmetry Three-Phase Electrical Power Systems)
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18 pages, 4726 KiB  
Article
Sensorless Control of Doubly Fed Induction Machines Using Only Rotor-Side Variables
by Yongsu Han
Symmetry 2025, 17(5), 712; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17050712 - 7 May 2025
Viewed by 14
Abstract
In this study, a sensorless vector control method was proposed for a doubly fed induction machine (DFIM), where the stator is directly connected to the grid. The DFIM is a three-phase symmetric system without saliency, and when the stator side is directly connected [...] Read more.
In this study, a sensorless vector control method was proposed for a doubly fed induction machine (DFIM), where the stator is directly connected to the grid. The DFIM is a three-phase symmetric system without saliency, and when the stator side is directly connected to the grid, the magnitude and frequency of the stator flux are almost fixed and determined by the grid voltage. Due to its three-phase symmetric configuration, this structure can be modeled in a manner similar to that of a symmetric permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). It enables the application of back-EMF-based sensorless control methods commonly used for symmetric PMSMs. In PMSMs, sensorless estimators typically estimate the back-EMF using only stator voltage and current measurements. By extending this modeling concept to DFIMs, a similar estimator can be designed that utilizes only rotor-side voltage and current for sensorless back-EMF estimation. This paper proposes a back-EMF estimator using only rotor-side voltages and currents, which were implemented on a stator flux reference frame. The proposed algorithm also estimates the stator-side variables, including the magnitudes of stator voltage, current, and stator power factor. These variables can be used to detect grid faults. The feasibility of the proposed method was validated via experiments using a 2.4 kW DFIM. It was confirmed that the sensorless operation functioned properly even during speed acceleration/deceleration and step load conditions. Additionally, the system maintained stable operation and achieved an accurate estimation of stator voltage and current, even under a 30% voltage sag in the stator grid voltage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Symmetry Three-Phase Electrical Power Systems)
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