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Advances in Weather Prediction and Numerical Simulation

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Air, Climate Change and Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2023) | Viewed by 1713

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
Interests: development of numerical weather prediction models; numerical simulation of high-impact weather
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
Interests: numerical simulation of severe convective weather; development of cloud microphysics scheme

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, great progress has been achieved in numerical weather prediction. Forecasting skills have increased significantly over the past 40 years due to the advances in observation and modeling and through the better integration of these through data assimilation and related techniques.  For example, forecasts are able to be made about 3–10 days ahead of time, and this timeframe has been increasing by about one day per decade. Accurate forecasts can save lives, support emergency management, and prevent economic losses, promoting the sustainable development of the social economy.

Severe weather events, such as torrential rainfall, hailstorms, and tornadoes, are high-impact weather events that can cause great economic losses and casualties. Under the background of global warming, severe weather events have occurred frequently worldwide. However, the numerical prediction and simulation of severe weather are challenging and difficult due to the small spatial and temporal scales of these weather events. The aim of this Special Issue is to present recent advances in weather prediction and numerical simulation, especially their application in predicting high-impact severe weather events. Both original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • The numerical simulation of severe weather events, including torrential rainfall, hailstorms, tornadoes, etc.
  • Analyses of the mechanisms of severe weather, such as the initiation of convection, the organization of convective systems, etc.
  • The assimilation of observational data, such as satellite, weather radar, etc.
  • The parameterization of physical processes, including cloud microphysical process, boundary layer process; land surface process, etc.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Fan Ping
Dr. Lei Yin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • numerical simulation
  • high-impact weather
  • initiation and organization mechanisms
  • parameterization of physical processes
  • data assimilation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

28 pages, 15405 KiB  
Article
Influence of Atmospheric Non-Uniform Saturation on Extreme Hourly Precipitation Cloud Microphysical Processes in a Heavy Rainfall Case in Zhengzhou
by Jin Xu, Liren Xu, Yufei Wang, Fan Ping and Lei Yin
Sustainability 2023, 15(20), 15047; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152015047 - 19 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1212
Abstract
Heavy rainfall not only affects urban infrastructure, it also impacts environmental changes, and which then influence the sustainability of development and ecology. Therefore, researching and forecasting heavy rainfall to prevent disaster-related damages is essential. A high-resolution numerical simulation was carried out for a [...] Read more.
Heavy rainfall not only affects urban infrastructure, it also impacts environmental changes, and which then influence the sustainability of development and ecology. Therefore, researching and forecasting heavy rainfall to prevent disaster-related damages is essential. A high-resolution numerical simulation was carried out for a heavy rainfall case in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China, from 19–20 July 2021. The analysis of weather conditions revealed that the main cause of heavy rainfall in Zhengzhou was the supersaturation and condensation of water vapor, resulting from the invasion of dry and cold air from the upper and middle atmospheric layers. This weather condition is ideally suited for applying generalized potential temperature that is informed by the non-uniform saturation theory. Based on this, the new scheme revised the cloud microphysical scheme of the cloud water condensation parameterization process by substituting generalized potential temperature. The characteristics of the mesoscale environment and water condensates were comparatively analyzed between the original and the new scheme. Then, the quantitative mass budget and latent heat budget related to microphysical conversions were comparatively calculated over Zhengzhou. Furthermore, the possible two-scheme mechanisms through which the cloud microphysics processes affected the rainfall were investigated and discussed. It was found that: (1) The new scheme, which takes into account generalized potential temperature, produced precipitation fields more in line with observations and simulated stronger hourly precipitation compared to the original scheme. (2) The conversions of snow were the main source of microphysical processes that produced precipitation and released latent heat due to the dry and cold air invasion. (3) Given that the condensation of water vapor was hypothesized to occur at 70% relative humidity (RH) or above, rather than the original 100% RH, the new scheme simulated more supercooled water and ice-phase particles than the original scheme. This enhancement, in turn, intensified convective development owing to positive feedback within the cloud microphysics processes and cloud environment, ultimately leading to the simulation of more intense hourly precipitation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Weather Prediction and Numerical Simulation)
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