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Waste Recycling and Circular Economy: From Trash to Treasure—2nd Edition

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Waste and Recycling".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2025) | Viewed by 3966

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Hydrometallurgy and Environment Group, The Robert M. Buchan Department of Mining, Queen’s University, Goodwin Hall, 25 Union St., Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
Interests: sustainable and applied chemistry; extractive metallurgy; mineral processing; waste recycling/management; resource recovery; material synthesis for metal extraction applications
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Guest Editor
Smith Engineering, Robert M. Buchan Department of Mining Engineering, Queen’s University, Goodwin Hall, 25 Union Street, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
Interests: hydrometallurgy; critical metal processing; solution purification; end-of-life product recycling; secondary resource processing; mining waste treatment; sustainable processing; circular economy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada
Interests: recycling of Li-ion batteries; recovery of REE from primary and secondary resources; purification and crystallization of materials for battery industry; development of next-generation Al-ion batteries; material synthesis for NMC Li-ion batteries; thermal management of Li-ion batteries
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, developments in science and technology has made human life easier and more comfortable, but has also increased environmental and economic pressure. It has increased the consumption of primary resources due to the high market demand and the huge generation of waste during the production of products as well as at the user end. In a World Bank report published in 2018, global waste production was deemed responsible for about 5% of global emissions with an output of the equivalent of 1.6 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide in 2016, and is expected to reach 2.6 billion metric tons by 2050. It has an adverse effect on nature, climate, and living beings. The preservation of primary resources, fulfillment of market demand, and recycling of waste have also been addressed through the concept of circular economy, which is based on the implementation of cleaner and sustainable technologies and innovative business models with supported policies.

Scientists have developed many technologies for the recycling of different kinds of waste, e.g., mining/metallurgical, electronic, batteries, polymer, construction, plastic, food, and end-of-life product waste. Despite the increasing number of recycling methods, further efforts are still required to develop innovations which provide more green, sustainable, and economical solutions for waste material treatment and provide a second life to the recycled materials. In addition, the use of circular economy principles will be useful for the improvement of technologies and will affect the overall economic and environmental impact.

This Special Issue invites both research and review articles focused on a broad range of waste (mentioned above) recycling and their conversion into useful products via sustainable technologies. Studies on the circular economy and possible industrial solutions are also welcomed. Possible themes of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Sustainable processes for different kinds of waste (mentioned above) recycling;
  • Novel methods for the separation of critical metals from secondary resources;
  • Complexity, challenges, and risks in a circular economy;
  • Circular economy models for waste recycling and its impact;
  • Innovative processes for the extraction of REEs, Li, Ni, Co, Ga, In, etc., from end-of-life products;
  • Application of biological processes to recover values from wastes and plastic/polymer waste degradation;
  • Food waste treatment, including biogas production and bioenergy sustainability;
  • Hazardous waste remediation/detoxification;
  • Current trends for construction and demolition waste management.

Dr. Harshit Mahandra
Dr. Farzaneh Sadri
Dr. Monu Malik
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • circular economy
  • net-zero carbon emission
  • critical metals
  • waste recycling
  • end-of-life product
  • sustainability
  • waste degradation
  • hazardous materials
  • biotechnology

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 648 KiB  
Article
Supply Chain Dynamics of Moving from Peat-Based to Peat-Free Horticulture
by M. Nazli Koseoglu and Michaela Roberts
Sustainability 2025, 17(13), 6159; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17136159 - 4 Jul 2025
Viewed by 319
Abstract
Healthy peatlands provide valuable ecosystem services. Peat extraction damages peatlands, leading to carbon emissions. One of the main reasons for peat extraction is for use in horticulture. Replacing peat with recycled organic materials in horticulture is critical to preserve the valuable ecosystems provided [...] Read more.
Healthy peatlands provide valuable ecosystem services. Peat extraction damages peatlands, leading to carbon emissions. One of the main reasons for peat extraction is for use in horticulture. Replacing peat with recycled organic materials in horticulture is critical to preserve the valuable ecosystems provided by peatlands and to establish more circular supply chains that are reliant on recycling rather than extraction. Despite the strong policy commitment and budget allocation to restore peatlands, the demand for peat-based growing media remains high and drives most of the peat demand. In our research, we mapped the growing media supply chain, held semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders representing different interests, and surveyed amateur gardeners in the UK to understand the bottlenecks experienced by each profile in ending peat use and how to overcome them. We employed semi-structured key expert surveys to understand the supply chain dynamics and consumer demand, informed by these early interviews and the previous literature, we prepared and distributed an online consumer survey and interviewed supply-side stakeholders to understand their perspectives. The findings indicate that the barriers of availability, cost, and performance are shared between the supply-and-demand-side stakeholders. A portfolio of financial, educational and logistic interventions is required to simultaneously support the supply side to accelerate the transformation of production and supply patterns and to aid the demand side to adapt to growing with compost of recycled organic materials. The policies promoting recycled organic material use in horticulture must be coordinated within the UK and with other parts of Europe focusing on the elimination of the peat content in products rather than peat extraction to avoid extraction and the associated destruction of peat stocks elsewhere. Full article
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14 pages, 1721 KiB  
Article
Promoting Sustainable Household Engagement in Recycling via Blockchain-Based Loyalty Program
by Kawther Saeedi
Sustainability 2024, 16(21), 9191; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16219191 - 23 Oct 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3170
Abstract
Recycling plays a crucial role in impacting national GDP and environmental sustainability. Given the complexities inherent in recycling processes, technology serves as a driving force for advancing and optimizing these practices. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, substantial initiatives are underway to foster [...] Read more.
Recycling plays a crucial role in impacting national GDP and environmental sustainability. Given the complexities inherent in recycling processes, technology serves as a driving force for advancing and optimizing these practices. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, substantial initiatives are underway to foster a green environment and promote a circular economy. However, at the time of writing this paper, existing regulations mandate recycling primarily for business sectors, with no corresponding requirements for household waste collection or segregation. As a result, a significant portion of recyclable waste remains unprocessed. This paper expands upon earlier studies carried out in Jeddah, analyzing the obstacles and variables impacting sustainable recycling solutions, along with the essential conditions to boost household involvement in recycling. This study explores the potential of blockchain technology to improve household engagement by developing a blockchain-based loyalty program. The proposed system leverages the decentralized, immutable, and transparent features of blockchain technology to reward individuals with tokens for the recycling waste they produce, thereby facilitating token tracking across the recycling value chain and enhancing transparency in the circular economy. This article delves into the technical architecture of the loyalty program, aligning its domain model elements with blockchain design heuristics and integrating it with a mobile application that aims to boost recycling engagement by applying social economy principles. This innovative approach promises to overcome the current regulatory and motivational barriers, as well as promote sustainable recycling habits at the household level. Full article
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