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Water Security: Governance, Inequalities, and Sustainability

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Water Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 October 2026 | Viewed by 2320

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor

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Guest Editor
1. Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Unicamp, Limeira, 1300 R. Pedro Zaccaria, Limeira 13484-350, SP, Brazil
2. RCM2+, Universidade Lusófona, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: inequalities in access to water; water security; evaluation of environmental public policies; sustainability indicators; data envelopment analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Unicamp, Limeira, 1300 R. Pedro Zaccaria, Limeira 13484-350, SP, Brazil
Interests: strategic environmental impact assessment; water marketing; sustainable assessment; monitoring of environmental public policy; sustainable development

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The key conversations on water security over the past 20 years have shown that, while its multifaceted nature offers opportunities for a comprehensive approach, it also presents challenges by permitting multiple interpretations, making quantification and implementation complex in regional and local contexts. This Special Issue focuses on a range of dimensions of water security and the strategies developed to achieve it through good governance and by addressing inequalities and promoting sustainability. The discussion will focus on how to fulfil water demand, taking into account economic welfare, social equity, and environmental sustainability, while also addressing relevant risks towards robustness, flexibility, and resilience.

Regarding water governance, we aim to explore how legal frameworks, institutions, and capacity-building can ensure a sustainable and equitable management of water resources. Regarding disparities, we aim to comprehend how various dimensions of water insecurity may disproportionately impact people who are subjected to discrimination based on their social standing, gender, race, ethnicity, disability, age, migration status, or other socioeconomic circumstances. Regarding sustainability, we discuss water security within the framework of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome, and research areas may include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Water governance and policy frameworks for sustainable and equitable resource management;
  • The impacts of social inequalities on water security;
  • Interconnections between water security and natural (e.g., climate change) and anthropogenic (e.g., pollution) risks;
  • Methods for measuring water sustainability;
  • Resource allocation strategies for equitable and efficient water supply;
  • Water security as an enabler of the SDGs, focusing on SDG6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities), and SDG 13 (Climate Action).

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Francisco Silva Pinto
Dr. Tiago Balieiro Cetrulo
Prof. Dr. Natália Molina Cetrulo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • water security
  • governance
  • social inequalities
  • climate change
  • sustainable water management
  • resource allocation
  • Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 1459 KB  
Article
Research on Water Resource Security Evaluation and Regulation Strategies for Multi-Source Water Supply Cities
by Wenjie Xu, Qingze Cao, Ge Gao, Hao Wang, Yanmin Yin, Jing Ren and Jianzhu Li
Sustainability 2026, 18(7), 3492; https://doi.org/10.3390/su18073492 - 2 Apr 2026
Viewed by 386
Abstract
The acceleration of urbanization and the intensification of climate change have highlighted the vulnerability of the single-source water supply model. Multi-source water supply has become the core path to alleviate the contradiction between urban water supply and demand and enhance the stability of [...] Read more.
The acceleration of urbanization and the intensification of climate change have highlighted the vulnerability of the single-source water supply model. Multi-source water supply has become the core path to alleviate the contradiction between urban water supply and demand and enhance the stability of water supply. To scientifically control the water resource security level of multi-source water supply cities and predict the development trend, Jinan, a typical multi-source water supply city, was taken as an example. Based on the vitality–organizational capacity–resilience model framework, which focuses on the inherent resilience and health of the system itself and can simultaneously characterize the dual characteristics of the natural base and social disturbances of the water resource system, a water resource security evaluation system was constructed from three dimensions: system vitality, organizational capacity and resilience. The combined weights were determined by comprehensively applying the projection pursuit method and the CRITIC method. The gray clustering method was used to evaluate the water resource security status from 2015 to 2023. The results showed that the water resource security level in Jinan had shown a significant improvement trend from fluctuating and unstable to high-quality and stable. The driving mechanism had gradually shifted from relying on natural endowments and single water-saving control in the early stage to a highly coordinated “vitality–organizational capacity–resilience” model within the system. The evaluation system constructed in this paper could provide technical support for multi-source water supply cities to optimize water source allocation strategies and improve water resource emergency management mechanisms, and also offer a reference model for similar cities to conduct research on water resource security control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Security: Governance, Inequalities, and Sustainability)
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16 pages, 787 KB  
Systematic Review
Adaptive Water Management from a Socio-Ecological Perspective: A Systematic Review of Co-Learning Strategies and Traditional Knowledge
by Martha Cecilia Díaz Morante, Apolinar Figueroa Casas and Cristian Méndez Rodríguez
Sustainability 2025, 17(21), 9597; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17219597 - 28 Oct 2025
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1351
Abstract
This article presents a systematic review based on indexed scientific sources, focusing on adaptive water management from a socio-ecological perspective, with an emphasis on co-learning and traditional knowledge. The study used Bibliometrix software to explore the evolution and thematic patterns within the literature. [...] Read more.
This article presents a systematic review based on indexed scientific sources, focusing on adaptive water management from a socio-ecological perspective, with an emphasis on co-learning and traditional knowledge. The study used Bibliometrix software to explore the evolution and thematic patterns within the literature. Articles were assessed using the PRISMA framework to identify those most suitable for inclusion. Forty-three articles were selected based on their content validity, relevance to the research question, strength of evidence, and year of publication (2010–2025), including a synthesis and classification of the identified components. This review highlighted relevant research gaps and proposed future areas of study. Furthermore, a conceptual model for adaptive water management is presented, illustrating the interconnection between the various components analyzed. This model establishes a path based on the Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach, which is postulated as a methodological tool that promotes governance, recognizes local knowledge in territories, and fosters resilience in the face of challenges such as climate change. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Security: Governance, Inequalities, and Sustainability)
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