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Sustainable Building: Risk Assessment and Occupational Safety in Construction Management

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Engineering and Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 4 October 2025 | Viewed by 3062

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Institute of Sustainable Construction, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Saulėtekio al. 11, LT-10231 Vilnius, Lithuania
Interests: civil engineering; construction; decision making; modelling; multi criteria decision making (MCDM); risk; sustainability
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The construction industry is one of the major direct contributors to development. It encompasses various large- and small-scale activities, such as building, resulting in various structures as their main product. It also plays a role in determining quality of life through creating living and working conditions. Generally, sustainability aspects must be included in a building’s physical and technical conditions and construction management by setting a high environmental standard. Important considerations include the structure of a building, the materials used, conditions and regulations related to a green-building concepts, and sustainability aspects in construction standards. Another relevant topic is the numerous types of building certification systems, such as the Environmental Product Declaration (EPD). They support decision-making processes for companies, consumers, and policymakers, aiming to improve sustainability practises in the construction sector.

Also, the construction sector is associated with high risk and uncertainty. Projects are unique and implemented only once, and their life cycle encompasses various risks originating from many sources, including external and internal environments, formal activity in the construction sector, object analysis, size, processes, temporary project teams collected from different companies, construction sites, etc. Moreover, the increasing size and complexity of construction projects requires more processes, adding to the risks. This factor is additional to the political, economic, and social conditions of a construction project. A risk can be defined as an uncertain event or condition that, if it occurs, has a positive or negative effect on at least one objective, such as time, cost, or quality. Risks, including occupational safety aspects, cause cost and time overruns and impact the quality of construction products. Risk management is a process that focuses on defining sources of uncertainty and is a central part of any organisation’s strategic management. It helps organisations methodically address risks attached to their activities to achieve sustained benefits within each activity and across their entire portfolio. In construction, risk management is an important task, with objective functions changing during the construction project’s life cycle.

This Special Issue intends to provide an overview of the most recent advances in multidisciplinary research connected to sustainable building, risk assessment, occupational safety in construction management, and the enhancement of environmental standards, safety, and the operability of process systems. Research articles are invited on topics associated with sustainable buildings, as well as analyses of environmental aspects, green-building concepts, and occupational safety in construction management, including risk modelling, assessment, technique regulation, environmental conditions, and reliability of technological systems in buildings.

Dr. Jolanta Tamošaitienė
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sustainability
  • green building
  • regulation
  • environmental product declaration
  • civil engineering
  • construction
  • construction management
  • decision making
  • multi criteria decision making (MCDM)
  • risk
  • occupational safety

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

28 pages, 3074 KiB  
Article
Risk Management of Green Building Development: An Application of a Hybrid Machine Learning Approach Towards Sustainability
by Yanqiu Zhu, Hongan Chen, Jun Ma and Fei Pan
Sustainability 2025, 17(14), 6373; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17146373 - 11 Jul 2025
Viewed by 373
Abstract
Despite the rapid adoption of green buildings as a sustainable development strategy, robust, data-driven approaches for assessing and predicting project risks remain limited. This study proposes an innovative hybrid framework combining the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), multilayer perceptron neural networks (MLPNNs), and [...] Read more.
Despite the rapid adoption of green buildings as a sustainable development strategy, robust, data-driven approaches for assessing and predicting project risks remain limited. This study proposes an innovative hybrid framework combining the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), multilayer perceptron neural networks (MLPNNs), and particle swarm optimization (PSO) to quantify and forecast the impact of critical risks on green buildings’ performance. Drawing on structured input from 30 domain experts in Shenzhen, China, ten risk categories were identified and prioritized, with economic, market, and functional risks emerging as the most influential. Using these expert-derived weights, an MLP was trained to predict the effects of the top five risks on four core performance metrics—cost, time, quality, and scope. PSO was applied to optimize the model’s architecture and hyperparameters, improving its predictive accuracy. The optimized framework achieved RMSE values ranging from 0.06 to 0.09 and R2 values of up to 0.95 across all outputs, demonstrating strong predictive capability. These results substantiate the framework’s effectiveness in generating actionable, quantitative risk predictions under uncertainty. Full article
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21 pages, 1038 KiB  
Article
Sustainable Risk Management in Construction Through a Hybrid Fuzzy WINGS-ANP Method for Assessing Negative Impacts During Open Caisson Sinking
by Katarzyna Gałek-Bracha
Sustainability 2025, 17(13), 5848; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17135848 - 25 Jun 2025
Viewed by 300
Abstract
Modern challenges in civil engineering require decision-making that supports the development of technologies in line with sustainable development principles, including minimizing environmental impact and improving occupational safety. Open caisson sinking, commonly used in underground construction, is particularly prone to generating complex negative impacts [...] Read more.
Modern challenges in civil engineering require decision-making that supports the development of technologies in line with sustainable development principles, including minimizing environmental impact and improving occupational safety. Open caisson sinking, commonly used in underground construction, is particularly prone to generating complex negative impacts that affect construction quality, material efficiency, and working conditions. This study aims to identify the cause-and-effect relationships and assess the intensity of negative impacts associated with the open caisson sinking process. A comprehensive multi-criteria decision-making approach was developed, based on a novel hybrid method combining fuzzy WINGS and Analytic Network Process (ANP). This approach accounts for uncertainties and difficult-to-measure factors, providing a valuable tool for supporting complex engineering decisions. The proposed method facilitates improvements in process quality, reduces environmental risk, and helps eliminate typical execution errors. Research findings confirm that mitigating adverse impacts during caisson sinking enhances sustainable risk management in construction and supports rational decision-making under uncertainty. The method is universal and applicable in other domains requiring cause–effect analysis and the evaluation of impact intensity, especially in the context of implementing sustainable construction management practices. Full article
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24 pages, 1872 KiB  
Article
Integrating Business Ethics into Occupational Health and Safety: An Evaluation Framework for Sustainable Risk Management
by Stavroula (Vivi) Mixafenti, Aristi Karagkouni and Dimitrios Dimitriou
Sustainability 2025, 17(10), 4370; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17104370 - 12 May 2025
Viewed by 674
Abstract
Occupational health and safety (OHS) is a critical component of sustainable work practices, guaranteeing employee well-being in parallel with minimizing business operation threats. The integration of ethics in OHS practices, however, poses a major obstacle, given that most businesses prefer complying with regulations [...] Read more.
Occupational health and safety (OHS) is a critical component of sustainable work practices, guaranteeing employee well-being in parallel with minimizing business operation threats. The integration of ethics in OHS practices, however, poses a major obstacle, given that most businesses prefer complying with regulations rather than adopting proactive, ethically directed risk avoidance. This study employs a systemic process in assessing business ethics integration in practices of OHS, emphasizing leadership, employee engagement, and precautionary safety. This quantitative survey research sought to gauge the utilization of OHS practices among firms in the construction industry. This study examined critical factors such as employee training, absenteeism patterns, wellness programs, and usage of safety practices. Our study outcomes identify a reduction in accidents in workplaces, lower absenteeism, and improved monitoring of employee well-being when a blend of systemic safety programs and ethically directed strategies is utilized. This study emphasizes the imperative of a proactive, ethically comprehensive strategy in practices of OHS, which calls for improved leadership, constant safety learning, and enhanced wellness programs. The findings contribute to the development of sustainable risk management frameworks, offering practical insights for businesses, policymakers, and industry stakeholders to improve workplace safety culture. Full article
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20 pages, 659 KiB  
Article
Risk Assessment in Mass Housing Projects Using the Integrated Method of Fuzzy Shannon Entropy and Fuzzy EDAS
by Seyed Morteza Hatefi, Hanieh Ahmadi and Jolanta Tamošaitienė
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 528; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020528 - 11 Jan 2025
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1227
Abstract
Mass building projects play a key role in the economic prosperity of any country. Furthermore, these projects are among the main drivers of environmental and social problems. In recent years, with the spread of the concept of sustainable development in the life cycle [...] Read more.
Mass building projects play a key role in the economic prosperity of any country. Furthermore, these projects are among the main drivers of environmental and social problems. In recent years, with the spread of the concept of sustainable development in the life cycle of construction projects and the dynamic and eventful nature of these projects, the issue of risk management in the sustainable construction industry has received more and more attention among researchers. The construction industry, like other industries, faces various risks. Therefore, it is crucial to identify and evaluate risks in mass construction projects due to the high volume of work. In this study, an integrated model based on fuzzy Shannon entropy and fuzzy EDAS is proposed for risk assessment in large-scale building projects. Initially, by reviewing related articles, 66 effective sub-indicators are identified and classified into 18 risk categories, including 6 external risks and 12 internal risks. Subsequently, a questionnaire is designed to assess the three factors of detection, probability of occurrence, and severity risks for each risk index. This questionnaire distributes to 15 mass production companies in the construction field in Isfahan. The fuzzy Shannon entropy method is then applied to determine the weight of risk factors. The weights of each factor, detection, probability of occurrence, and severity, are calculated as 0.386, 0.342, and 0.273, respectively. These weights are used in the fuzzy EDAS method to prioritize the identified risks in mass-building projects. The results of the fuzzy EDAS method determined the three most critical risks: “inflation rate volatility”, “import/export restrictions”, and “unforeseen climatic conditions”. Additionally, three low-risk sub-indicators are obtained: “limitation on working hours”, “collapse of the structure”, and “unpredictable fire”. Full article
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