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The Development of Perovskite Solar Cells and the Application of Nanomaterial Synthesis

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 4819

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mustafa K. A. Mohammed

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Remote Sensing and Geophysics, Al-Karkh University of Science, Baghdad 10011, Iraq
Interests: nanomaterials; functional materials; perovskites; photovoltaics
Dr. Sangeeta Singh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electronics & Communication Engg, National Institute of Technology, Patna, Bihar, India
Interests: 2D materials; perovskite solar cells
Prof. Dr. Duha S. Ahmed

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Applied sciences Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
Interests: carbon nanomaterials; perovskite; semiconductors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The goal of this unique themed collection in Sustainability is to offer a forum for the most recent advances that address the difficulties in halide perovskite optoelectronics and nanomaterial applications.

Promising uses in the electronics and energy industries have primarily been responsible for the current surge of interest in halide perovskites. In fact, there are many current and future uses for halide perovskites, offering fascinating prospects for basic and applied materials science research. Perovskites can work with other photovoltaic materials to make double-junction and triple-junction solar cells. However, there remains a challenge in making the large-area perovskite stable under solar cell working conditions. In this Special Issue of Sustainability, we need to put together a set of experimental and computational papers that talk about the latest developments in the field. We are especially interested in papers that describe new ways to make perovskite solar cells more stable that work with existing technologies. We will give more attention to projects that focus on solutions that are safe for the environment, such as using lead-free perovskites and green processing.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Composition engineering of perovskites for enhancing phase stability.
  • Synthesis of stable perovskite nanocrystals.
  • 2D (Ruddlesden–Popper) perovskite layer for optoelectronics.
  • Perovskite solar cells with improved long-term stability.
  • Computational of different perovskite structures and devices.
  • Interface defect passivation of perovskite optoelectronics.
  • Eco-friendly perovskites.
  • Applications of nanomaterials for perovskite-based optoelectronics.
  • The dynamics of charge carrier transport and recombination.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Mustafa K. A. Mohammed
Dr. Sangeeta Singh
Prof. Dr. Duha S. Ahmed
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanomaterials
  • perovskite
  • solar cells
  • optoelectronics
  • interface modification
  • green additives
  • eco-friendly synthesis

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 4216 KiB  
Article
Effect of Adding Cu2O as a Back Surface Field Layer on the Performance of Copper Manganese Tin Sulfide Solar Cells
by Wafaâ Henni, Wassila Leïla Rahal, G. F. Ishraque Toki, Mustafa K. A. Mohammed, Lamia Ben Farhat, Safa Ezzine, Rahul Pandey, Abdelkader Boukortt and M. Khalid Hossain
Sustainability 2023, 15(19), 14322; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151914322 - 28 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1192
Abstract
One of the major limitations causing deadlock in solar cells with higher sulfur content in the photovoltaic absorber material is the unintended formation of an uncontrollable MoS2 layer between the absorber material and Mo back contact, which can affect negatively the efficiency [...] Read more.
One of the major limitations causing deadlock in solar cells with higher sulfur content in the photovoltaic absorber material is the unintended formation of an uncontrollable MoS2 layer between the absorber material and Mo back contact, which can affect negatively the efficiency of solar cells. Researchers reported that it is very difficult to control the MoS2 properties such as the conductivity type, thickness, band gap, and carrier concentration in experiments. Considering these challenges, an initial step involved a thorough examination utilizing the one-dimensional solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS-1D) to assess the impact of n-MoS2 interlayer thickness and donor concentration on the performance of CMTS solar cells. Our investigation revealed the formation of a “cliff-like CBO” at the CMTS/n-MoS2 interface, facilitating the transport of electrons from the p-CMTS absorber to the Mo back contact, resulting in a significantly higher recombination rate. Subsequently, herein a novel approach is proposed, using Cu2O as a back surface field (BSF) layer due to its low cost, intrinsic p-type properties, and non-toxic nature. Simulation results of a novel heterostructure (Mo/Cu2O/CMTS/CdS/i-ZnO/AZO/Al) of the CMTS-based solar cell are discussed in terms of recombination rate and conduction band alignment at the absorber/BSF interface. A desired “spike-like CBO” is formed between CMTS/Cu2O, which hinders the transport of electrons to the back contact. By optimizing the physical parameters such as thickness and the doping density of the Cu2O layer, an efficiency η of 21.78% is achieved, with an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.26 V, short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 24.45 mA/cm², and fill factor (FF) of 70.85%. Our simulation results offer a promising research direction to further develop highly efficient and low-cost CMTS solar cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Development of Perovskite Solar Cells and the Application of Nanomaterial Synthesis)
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13 pages, 4588 KiB  
Article
Performance Improvement of Perovskite Solar Cell Design with Double Active Layer to Achieve an Efficiency of over 31%
by Sagar Bhattarai, Mustafa K. A. Mohammed, Jaya Madan, Rahul Pandey, Mohd Zahid Ansari, Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed, Mongi Amami and M. Khalid Hossain
Sustainability 2023, 15(18), 13955; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813955 - 20 Sep 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1604
Abstract
This research aims to optimize the efficiency of the device structures by introducing the novel double perovskite absorber layer (PAL). The perovskite solar cell (PSC) has higher efficiency with both lead perovskite (PVK), i.e., methylammonium tin iodide (MASnI3) and Caseium tin [...] Read more.
This research aims to optimize the efficiency of the device structures by introducing the novel double perovskite absorber layer (PAL). The perovskite solar cell (PSC) has higher efficiency with both lead perovskite (PVK), i.e., methylammonium tin iodide (MASnI3) and Caseium tin germanium iodide (CsSnGeI3). The current simulation uses Spiro-OMeTAD as the hole transport layer (HTL) and TiO2 as an electron transport layer (ETL) to sandwich the PVK layers of MASnI3 and CsSnGeI3, which have precise bandgaps of 1.3 eV and 1.5 eV. The exclusive results of the precise modeling technique for organic/inorganic PVK-based photovoltaic solar cells under the illumination of AM1.5 for distinctive device architectures are shown in the present work. Influence of defect density (DD) is also considered during simulation that revealed the best PSC parameters with JSC of 31.41 mA/cm2, VOC of 1.215 V, FF of nearly 82.62% and the highest efficiency of 31.53% at the combined DD of 1.0 × 1014 cm−3. The influence of temperature on device performance, which showed a reduction in PV parameters at elevated temperature, is also evaluated. A steeper temperature gradient with an average efficiency of −0.0265%/K for the optimized PSC is observed. The novel grading technique helps in achieving efficiency of more than 31% for the optimized device. As a result of the detailed examination of the total DD and temperature dependency of the simulated device, structures are also studied simultaneously. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Development of Perovskite Solar Cells and the Application of Nanomaterial Synthesis)
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15 pages, 2527 KiB  
Article
Comparative Study of Different Perovskite Active Layers for Attaining Higher Efficiency Solar Cells: Numerical Simulation Approach
by Sagar Bhattarai, Mustafa K. A. Mohammed, Jaya Madan, Rahul Pandey, Hima Abdelkader, Lamia Ben Farhat, Mongi Amami and M. Khalid Hossain
Sustainability 2023, 15(17), 12805; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151712805 - 24 Aug 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1462
Abstract
The simulated device structures of ITO/ZnO/Perovskite absorber layers (PAL)/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au with distinct absorbers were modeled and investigated using solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS-1D) simulating software (version 3.8). The primary objective is to enhance the thermal stability of the solar device. As the absorber thickness [...] Read more.
The simulated device structures of ITO/ZnO/Perovskite absorber layers (PAL)/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au with distinct absorbers were modeled and investigated using solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS-1D) simulating software (version 3.8). The primary objective is to enhance the thermal stability of the solar device. As the absorber thickness and temperature impact PV performance parameters, thus main aim of this work is to determine the optimum thickness of PAL as well as the temperature affectability on the PV performance of the cells. It was also observed that the maximum PV parameters (among the cells under consideration), viz. 29% PCE, are achieved with the formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI3) at the thickness of 600 nm. Similarly, the temperature of 300 K shows a much-improved efficiency offering nearly 29%. Further, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) and J-V also confirm the determent of the more stable, lead-free, FASnI3-based device, which can provide an effective way to develop highly efficient, low-cost solar cell devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Development of Perovskite Solar Cells and the Application of Nanomaterial Synthesis)
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