Body Composition Assessment for Sports Performance and Athlete Health

A special issue of Sports (ISSN 2075-4663).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 7331

Editor


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Guest Editor
Kinesiology and Health Science, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
Interests: exercise physiology; body composition; fitness assessment; altitude/environmental physiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

You are invited to submit manuscripts for inclusion in the Special Issue of Sports titled, “Body Composition Assessment for Sports Performance and Athlete Health”. Body composition is an important consideration for an athlete’s health and success in many sports. At the elite level, there are clear anthropometric profiles that are advantageous for certain sports (e.g., height for basketball players, small stature for horse jockeys). Furthermore, the composition of some athletes changes in response to years of sport-specific training (e.g., dominant arm of tennis players has greater muscle mass and bone mass than non-dominant arm). Finally, many different methodologies exist to assess various components of human body composition (e.g., bioimpedance for body water and cell integrity, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for bone mineral, skinfold calipers and ultrasound for subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness, hydrodensitometry and air displacement plethysmography for body volume, and 3D body scanning for anthropometric profiling).

The aim of this Special Issue is to present novel body composition studies of athletic populations. In keeping with the scope of the journal, the study population should consist of athletes at any level of sport (but not the general population), and the focus should be on body composition as it relates to or influences sport performance or the health of the athlete. Body composition is not limited to body fat percentage; this Special Issue takes a holistic view of body composition assessment, so manuscripts with outcome measures such as fat-free mass, hydration status, bone mineral density, and phase angle, etc., are encouraged. This collection of submissions could focus on a variety of topics, such as the following:

  • Anthropometric and body composition profiles and normative reference data for athletes at various competitive levels of sport;
  • Changes in the body composition of athletes over time, such as the span of a competitive season;
  • How an athlete’s body composition or a change in composition relates to or influences sport performance or their health;
  • The accuracy and precision of an assessment method for tracking athletes’ composition, or strategies to improve the physique assessment process.

In this Special Issue, the following article types are welcome: original research, reviews, and research notes.

Prof. Dr. Dale R. Wagner
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sports is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • anthropometry
  • athlete
  • bioimpedance
  • body composition
  • bone mineral density
  • densitometry
  • fat-free mass
  • hydration status
  • phase angle
  • subcutaneous adipose tissue

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 1207 KB  
Article
Sex Differences in the Impact of Body Composition and Bone Mineral Content on Cardiopulmonary Performance in Elite Youth Water Polo Athletes
by Regina Benko, Mark Zamodics, Mate Babity, Gusztav Schay, Tamas Leel-Ossy, Zsuzsanna Ladanyi, Timea Turschl, Dorottya Balla, Csongor Mesko, Hajnalka Vago, Attila Kovacs, Eva Hosszu, Szilvia Meszaros, Csaba Horvath, Bela Merkely and Orsolya Kiss
Sports 2026, 14(2), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/sports14020050 - 2 Feb 2026
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Abstract
Body composition, bone mineral density, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) are commonly used to assess aerobic fitness in athletes, but their interrelationships remain unclear. This study compared these parameters by sex and examined their associations in elite athletes. Our study included 145 youth [...] Read more.
Body composition, bone mineral density, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) are commonly used to assess aerobic fitness in athletes, but their interrelationships remain unclear. This study compared these parameters by sex and examined their associations in elite athletes. Our study included 145 youth water polo players (age: 15.7 ± 1.6 years; male: 75). Body composition was measured by DEXA, and treadmill CPET was performed using a sport-specific protocol. We analysed the correlations between the following factors by multivariate linear regression: lean body mass (LBM, LBMindex); body fat mass (BFM); percent body fat (PBF); bone mineral content (BMC); lumbar, femoral, and radial bone mineral density (LBMD, FNBMD, FTBMD, RBMD); exercise time; absolute and relative maximal oxygen uptake (VO2absmax, VO2relmax); maximal ventilation (VEmax). Exercise time was found to be negatively correlated with BFM, while VO2relmax was found to be negatively correlated with BFM and PBF. VO2absmax was found to be positively correlated with BFM, LBM, BMC, FNBMD, and RBMD. VEmax was found to be positively correlated with LBM and LBMindex. In males, VO2absmax and VEmax were found to be positively correlated with LBMD and FTBMD. Correlations between bone density and CPET proved to be stronger in males. Our results indicate that body composition and bone density parameters influence CPET parameters, and their complex evaluation can support personalized diagnostics and athletes’ health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Body Composition Assessment for Sports Performance and Athlete Health)
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Review

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26 pages, 1400 KB  
Review
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Professional and Semi-Professional Football: A Scoping Review
by Íñigo M. Pérez-Castillo, Alberto Valiño-Marques, José López-Chicharro, Felipe Segura-Ortiz, Ricardo Rueda and Hakim Bouzamondo
Sports 2025, 13(10), 348; https://doi.org/10.3390/sports13100348 - 3 Oct 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 4945
Abstract
Background: Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a widely used field technique for assessing body composition in football. However, its reliance on population-specific regression equations limits its accuracy. Objective: This scoping review aimed to map the scientific literature on BIA applications in professional and [...] Read more.
Background: Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a widely used field technique for assessing body composition in football. However, its reliance on population-specific regression equations limits its accuracy. Objective: This scoping review aimed to map the scientific literature on BIA applications in professional and semi-professional football, highlighting uses, limitations, and research opportunities. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in the scientific databases PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus. Identified studies involved the use of BIA in professional and semi-professional football players (≥16 years) in the context of routine training and competition. Results: From 14,624 records, 39 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included. Three main applications were identified: (1) quantitative body composition assessment, (2) qualitative/semi-quantitative analysis (e.g., bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA)), and (3) muscle health and injury monitoring. Seven specific research areas emerged, including hydration monitoring, cross-method validation of body composition analyses, development of predictive models, sport phenotype identification, tracking training adaptations, performance/load assessment via phase angle, and localized BIA for injury diagnosis and recovery. Conclusions: While quantitative BIA estimates may lack individual-level precision, raw parameter analyses may offer valuable insights into hydration, cellular integrity, and muscle injury status, yet further research is needed to fully realize these applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Body Composition Assessment for Sports Performance and Athlete Health)
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