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UWB Sensors
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UWB Sensors

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Remote Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2020) | Viewed by 10941

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Dušan Kocur

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Technical University of Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia
Interests: detection; localization; tracking; signal processing; UWB sensors; UWB radars; UWB sensor networks

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ultra-wideband (UWB) sensor (radar) technology is a radio technology that uses electromagnetic waves with a very low power spectral density occupying a bandwidth of more than 25% of a center frequency, or more than 0.5 GHz, for short-range remote sensing. The detailed analyses of the state-of-the-art in the field of designing and manufacturing antennas and integrated circuits have shown that UWB sensors (radars) can also be implemented in the form of a system-in-package (SiP) or system-on-chip (SoC). The outlined technological progress has resulted in two positive trends. The first is the fact that the UWB sensors can be constructed with light weight, small size, and low energy consumption, and hence are flexibly useable for different application scenarios. On the other hand, the potential implementation of UWB sensors as SiP/SoC in turn creates space for lowering the prices of UWB sensors. These findings have stimulated the extensive research and development of new applications of UWB sensors. 

Following these trends, this Special Issue of Sensors invites you to submit research papers and surveys focused on UWB sensors and their applications. Paper topics include, but are not limited to, basic architectures of UWB sensors (single UWB sensors, multistatic UWB radars, UWB sensor networks, MIMO UWB radars, cognitive UWB radars, UWB regulation and standardization, etc.), implementation of UWB sensors (AISIC, SiP, SoC, etc.), signal processing for UWB sensors (target detection, localization, and tracking; migration methods for static object imaging by a radar with a synthetic aperture; etc.), and UWB sensor applications (person monitoring, contactless measurement of vital signs of human beings, UWB impedance spectroscopy, trapped people detection and localization, UWB sensors as ground-penetrating radars (GPRs)). We hope that this Special Issue will create a forum for sharing new ideas, solutions to challenging issues, knowledge, and experiences concerning UWB sensors.

Prof. Dr. Dušan Kocur
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • UWB sensor architectures
  • implementation of UWB sensors
  • signal processing
  • UWB sensors applications
  • person detection, localization and tracking
  • synthetic aperture radar
  • ground-penetrating radar
  • automotive UWB radars
  • medical applications of UWB microwave imaging
  • UWB sensors for law enforcement

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 3800 KiB  
Article
UWB-Based Self-Localization Strategies: A Novel ICP-Based Method and a Comparative Assessment for Noisy-Ranges-Prone Environments
by Francisco Bonnin-Pascual and Alberto Ortiz
Sensors 2020, 20(19), 5613; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20195613 - 1 Oct 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3128
Abstract
Ultra-Wide-Band (UWB) positioning systems are now a real option to estimate the position of generic agents (e.g., robots) within indoor/GPS-denied environments. However, these environments can comprise metallic structures or other elements which can negatively affect the signal transmission and hence the accuracy of [...] Read more.
Ultra-Wide-Band (UWB) positioning systems are now a real option to estimate the position of generic agents (e.g., robots) within indoor/GPS-denied environments. However, these environments can comprise metallic structures or other elements which can negatively affect the signal transmission and hence the accuracy of UWB-based position estimations. Regarding this fact, this paper proposes a novel method based on point-to-sphere ICP (Iterative Closest Point) to determine the 3D position of a UWB tag. In order to improve the results in noise-prone environments, our method first selects the anchors’ subset which provides the position estimate with least uncertainty (i.e., largest agreement) in our approach. Furthermore, we propose a previous stage to filter the anchor-tag distances used as input of the ICP stage. We also consider the addition of a final step based on non-linear Kalman Filtering to improve the position estimates. Performance results for several configurations of our approach are reported in the experimental results section, including a comparison with the performance of other position-estimation algorithms based on trilateration. The experimental evaluation under laboratory conditions and inside the cargo hold of a vessel (i.e., a noise-prone scenario) proves the good performance of the ICP-based algorithm, as well as the effects induced by the prior and posterior filtering stages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue UWB Sensors)
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23 pages, 7048 KiB  
Article
Recent Advances in ASIC Development for Enhanced Performance M-Sequence UWB Systems
by Pavol Galajda, Martin Pecovsky, Miroslav Sokol, Martin Kmec and Dusan Kocur
Sensors 2020, 20(17), 4812; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20174812 - 26 Aug 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3492
Abstract
Short-range ultra-wideband (UWB) radar sensors belong to very promising sensing techniques that have received vast attention recently. The M-sequence UWB sensing techniques for radio detection and ranging feature several advantages over the other short-range radars, inter alia superior integration capabilities. The prerequisite to [...] Read more.
Short-range ultra-wideband (UWB) radar sensors belong to very promising sensing techniques that have received vast attention recently. The M-sequence UWB sensing techniques for radio detection and ranging feature several advantages over the other short-range radars, inter alia superior integration capabilities. The prerequisite to investigate their capabilities in real scenarios is the existence of physically available hardware, i.e., particular functional system blocks. In this paper, we present three novel blocks of M-sequence UWB radars exploiting application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) technology. These are the integrated 15th-order M-sequence radar transceiver on one chip, experimental active Electronic Communication Committee (ECC) bandpass filter, and miniature transmitting UWB antenna with an integrated amplifier. All these are custom designs intended for the enhancement of capabilities of an M-sequence-based system family for new UWB short-range sensing applications. The design approaches and verification of the manufactured prototypes by measurements of the realized circuits are presented in this paper. The fine balance on technology capabilities (Fc of roughly 120 GHz) and thoughtful design process of the proposed blocks is the first step toward remarkably minimized devices, e.g., as System on Chip designs, which apparently allow broadening the range of new applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue UWB Sensors)
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16 pages, 3151 KiB  
Article
An INS and UWB Fusion-Based Gyroscope Drift Correction Approach for Indoor Pedestrian Tracking
by Qinglin Tian, Kevin I-Kai Wang and Zoran Salcic
Sensors 2020, 20(16), 4476; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20164476 - 10 Aug 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2845
Abstract
Information fusion combining inertial navigation and radio frequency (RF) technologies, is commonly applied in indoor positioning systems (IPSs) to obtain more accurate tracking results. The performance of the inertial navigation system (INS) subsystem is affected by sensor drift over time and the RF-based [...] Read more.
Information fusion combining inertial navigation and radio frequency (RF) technologies, is commonly applied in indoor positioning systems (IPSs) to obtain more accurate tracking results. The performance of the inertial navigation system (INS) subsystem is affected by sensor drift over time and the RF-based subsystem aims to correct the position estimate using a fusion filter. However, the inherent sensor drift is usually not corrected during fusion, which leads to increasingly erroneous estimates over a short period of time. Among the inertial sensor drifts, gyroscope drift has the most significant impact in determining the correct orientation and accurate tracking. A gyroscope drift correction approach is proposed in this study and is incorporated in an INS and ultra-wideband (UWB) fusion IPS where only distance measurements from UWB subsystem are used. The drift correction approach is based on turn detection to account for the fact that gyroscope drift is accumulated during a turn. Practical pedestrian tracking experiments are conducted to demonstrate the accuracy of the drift correction approach. With the gyroscope drift corrected, the fusion IPS is able to provide more accurate tracking performance and achieve up to 64.52% mean position error reduction when compared to the INS only tracking result. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue UWB Sensors)
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