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6G Communication and Edge Intelligence in Wireless Sensor Networks

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Communications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2026 | Viewed by 6494

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Interests: wireless communications; next generation wireless networks; mobile edge computing; AI for wireless networks
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
Interests: wireless communications; mobile edge computing; wireless distributed learning

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Edge computing has attracted extensive attention from both academia and industry in the 5G era, aiming to reduce local computing overheads and latency in uploading data to the cloud by leveraging the computing power of edge servers. In the upcoming 6G era, this approach will be further strengthened. With the development of AI applications, traditional edge computing tasks are evolving into services for model training and inference. One of the main issues to address in the future is how 6G networks can effectively support these services. In these services, devices cooperate with each other or edge servers by exchanging model parameters to complete model inference or training while simultaneously protecting data privacy and addressing the issue of the data island.

However, wireless networks have a significant impact on the performances of these services. On one hand, wireless resources are limited, and frequent model parameter transmissions incur considerable latency. On the other hand, wireless networks are unreliable, and errors in model parameter transmission can lead to model aggregation divergence. Therefore, it is crucial to design efficient communication and model training algorithms to improve the efficiency and accuracy of model training and inference.

This Special Issue will bring together researchers interested in this topic to collectively tackle the above challenges, which may include novel edge computing architectures, algorithms, applications, etc.

The list of possible topics includes, but is not limited to, the following:

  • Efficient resource allocation algorithm for edge computing/learning;
  • Strategies for heterogeneous distributed learning;
  • Asynchronous federated/decentralized learning;
  • Theoretical analysis and algorithms for time-varying distributed learning;
  • Unreliable wireless distributed learning;
  • Topology-aware distributed learning;
  • Low latency edge collaborative inference;
  • Novel edge computing architecture;
  • Multi-model distributed learning over wireless networks;
  • Personalized distributed learning over wireless networks;
  • Privacy in wireless distributed learning;
  • Applications of wireless distributed learning.

Prof. Dr. Guanding Yu
Dr. Shengli Liu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • edge computing
  • edge AI
  • federated learning
  • decentralized learning
  • learning latency
  • constrained resource
  • task-oriented communication
  • 6G
  • edge inference
  • heterogeneous resource
  • resource management
  • asynchronous aggregation

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 1194 KB  
Article
Environment-Aware Proactive Beam Prediction in mmWave V2I via Multi-Modal Prior Mask Map
by Changpeng Zhou and Youyun Xu
Sensors 2026, 26(8), 2488; https://doi.org/10.3390/s26082488 - 17 Apr 2026
Viewed by 442
Abstract
In millimeter wave V2I communication systems, accurate beam prediction is crucial for optimizing network performance and improving signal transmission efficiency. Traditional beam prediction methods mainly rely on single-modal data, which often fails to capture the comprehensive environmental information required for high accuracy prediction. [...] Read more.
In millimeter wave V2I communication systems, accurate beam prediction is crucial for optimizing network performance and improving signal transmission efficiency. Traditional beam prediction methods mainly rely on single-modal data, which often fails to capture the comprehensive environmental information required for high accuracy prediction. In contrast, multi-modal approaches leverage complementary information from different data sources and offer a more promising solution. However, many existing fusion methods primarily depend on real-time sensory inputs and do not fully exploit stable environmental features in V2I scenarios, limiting the effective use of each modality. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a environment-aware proactive beam prediction method based on a multi-modal prior mask map (MMPMM), which integrates offline mapping with an online beam prediction network. Specifically, the method fuses information from images, point clouds, positions, and the MMPMM to predict the optimal beam index. The MMPMM provides channel-related prior information by extracting static V2I scene features offline without incurring any additional online measurement overhead. Experimental results on real-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a Top-3 beam prediction accuracy of up to 71.23% while maintaining stable performance under the evaluated dynamic and degraded conditions, demonstrating its effectiveness in the considered scenarios. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 6G Communication and Edge Intelligence in Wireless Sensor Networks)
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22 pages, 808 KB  
Article
Environment-Dependent Downlink Pinching-Antenna Systems: Spectral–Energy Efficiency Tradeoffs and Design
by Xiangyu Zha, Yongji Chen and Qi Wang
Sensors 2026, 26(7), 2051; https://doi.org/10.3390/s26072051 - 25 Mar 2026
Viewed by 466
Abstract
Pinching-antenna systems (PASSs) offer a low-complexity and reconfigurable solution for near-field downlink communications by deploying multiple radiating elements along a single waveguide. Existing studies mainly assume simplified propagation conditions or focus on spectral efficiency, while the impact of environment-dependent interference patterns arising from [...] Read more.
Pinching-antenna systems (PASSs) offer a low-complexity and reconfigurable solution for near-field downlink communications by deploying multiple radiating elements along a single waveguide. Existing studies mainly assume simplified propagation conditions or focus on spectral efficiency, while the impact of environment-dependent interference patterns arising from user-specific blockage conditions on energy-efficient design remains unclear. An energy-efficient downlink design for single-waveguide PASS based on environment-division multiple access (EDMA) is investigated. Under a given propagation environment, EDMA exploits user-dependent blockage and visibility differences through proper pinching-antenna placement, thereby inducing different multi-user interference patterns without increasing radio-frequency hardware complexity. We examine how such blockage-dependent interference influences the relationship between spectral efficiency and energy efficiency, and develop an energy-aware EDMA framework that jointly considers pinching-antenna locations and transmit power allocation under quality-of-service constraints. The resulting coupled design problem is solved through an alternating optimization procedure. EDMA is compared with conventional time-division multiple access (TDMA) using a unified hardware and power-consumption model. Numerical results reveal clear energy-efficiency threshold behaviors with respect to blockage intensity, user population, and service requirements. The results further show that EDMA can significantly outperform TDMA in specific operating regimes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 6G Communication and Edge Intelligence in Wireless Sensor Networks)
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18 pages, 1201 KB  
Article
Federated Learning Semantic Communication in UAV Systems: PPO-Based Joint Trajectory and Resource Allocation Optimization
by Shuang Du, Yue Zhang, Zhen Tao, Han Li and Haibo Mei
Sensors 2026, 26(2), 675; https://doi.org/10.3390/s26020675 - 20 Jan 2026
Viewed by 730
Abstract
Semantic Communication (SC), driven by a deep learning (DL)-based “understand-before-transmit” paradigm, transmits lightweight semantic information (SI) instead of raw data. This approach significantly reduces data volume and communication overhead while maintaining performance, making it particularly suitable for UAV communications where the platform is [...] Read more.
Semantic Communication (SC), driven by a deep learning (DL)-based “understand-before-transmit” paradigm, transmits lightweight semantic information (SI) instead of raw data. This approach significantly reduces data volume and communication overhead while maintaining performance, making it particularly suitable for UAV communications where the platform is constrained by size, weight, and power (SWAP) limitations. To alleviate the computational burden of semantic extraction (SE) on the UAV, this paper introduces federated learning (FL) as a distributed training framework. By establishing a collaborative architecture with edge users, computationally intensive tasks are offloaded to the edge devices, while the UAV serves as a central coordinator. We first demonstrate the feasibility of integrating FL into SC systems and then propose a novel solution based on Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) to address the critical challenge of ensuring service fairness in UAV-assisted semantic communications. Specifically, we formulate a joint optimization problem that simultaneously designs the UAV’s flight trajectory and bandwidth allocation strategy. Experimental results validate that our FL-based training framework significantly reduces computational resource consumption, while the PPO-based algorithm approach effectively minimizes both energy consumption and task completion time while ensuring equitable quality-of-service (QoS) across all edge users. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 6G Communication and Edge Intelligence in Wireless Sensor Networks)
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25 pages, 1297 KB  
Article
Edge Server Selection with Round-Robin-Based Task Processing in Multiserver Mobile Edge Computing
by Kahlan Aljobory and Mehmet Akif Yazici
Sensors 2025, 25(11), 3443; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25113443 - 30 May 2025
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2146
Abstract
Mobile edge computing was conceived to address the increasing computing demand generated by users at the communication network edge. It is expected to play a significant role in next-generation (5G, 6G, and beyond) communication systems as new applications such as augmented/extended reality, teleoperations, [...] Read more.
Mobile edge computing was conceived to address the increasing computing demand generated by users at the communication network edge. It is expected to play a significant role in next-generation (5G, 6G, and beyond) communication systems as new applications such as augmented/extended reality, teleoperations, telemedicine, and gaming become prolific. As the networks become denser, more and more edge servers are expected to be deployed, and the question of task offloading becomes more complicated. In this study, we present a framework for task offloading in the presence of multiple edge servers that employ round-robin task scheduling. Most studies in the literature attempt to optimize the offloading process under the assumption that each user generates just a single task, or they generate one task every time slot in a discrete-time system where all the tasks are handled within a slot. Furthermore, first-come-first-served queueing models are typically used in studies where queueing is considered at all. The work presented is novel in that we assume continuous and stochastic task arrivals generated by multiple users and round-robin task scheduling at the edge servers. This setting is considerably more realistic with respect to the existing works, and we demonstrate through extensive simulations that round-robin task scheduling significantly reduces task delay. We also present a comparison of a number of server selection mechanisms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 6G Communication and Edge Intelligence in Wireless Sensor Networks)
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19 pages, 4692 KB  
Article
Scalable Semantic Adaptive Communication for Task Requirements in WSNs
by Hong Yang, Xiaoqing Zhu, Jia Yang, Ji Li, Linbo Qing, Xiaohai He and Pingyu Wang
Sensors 2025, 25(9), 2823; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25092823 - 30 Apr 2025
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1968
Abstract
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have emerged as an efficient solution for numerous real-time applications, attributable to their compactness, cost effectiveness, and ease of deployment. The rapid advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and sixth-generation mobile communication technology (6G) and [...] Read more.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have emerged as an efficient solution for numerous real-time applications, attributable to their compactness, cost effectiveness, and ease of deployment. The rapid advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and sixth-generation mobile communication technology (6G) and Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) in recent years has catalyzed the transition towards large-scale deployment of WSN devices, and changed the image sensing and understanding to novel modes (such as machine-to-machine or human-to-machine interactions). However, the resulting data proliferation and the dynamics of communication environments introduce new challenges for WSN communication: (1) ensuring robust communication in adverse environments and (2) effectively alleviating bandwidth pressure from massive data transmission. To address these issues, this paper proposes a Scalable Semantic Adaptive Communication (SSAC) for task requirement. Firstly, we design an Attention Mechanism-based Joint Source Channel Coding (AMJSCC) in order to fully exploit the correlation among semantic features, channel conditions, and tasks. Then, a Prediction Scalable Semantic Generator (PSSG) is constructed to implement scalable semantics, allowing for flexible adjustments to achieve channel adaptation. The experimental results show that the proposed SSAC is more robust than traditional and other semantic communication algorithms in image classification tasks, and achieves scalable compression rates without sacrificing classification performance, while improving the bandwidth utilization of the communication system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 6G Communication and Edge Intelligence in Wireless Sensor Networks)
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