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Device to Device (D2D) Communication
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Device to Device (D2D) Communication

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Communications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2022) | Viewed by 12290

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Redha Radaydeh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty Electrical Engineering, Texas A&M University-Commerce, Commerce, TX, USA
Interests: D2D communication; wireless communication; digital communications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With 5G being underway practical deployment, the very low processing delay constraint becomes essential for supporting many emerging technologies. Future wireless systems will permit massive machine-type communications that will lead to ultra-dense networking among a massive number of nodes. In this regard, device-to-device (D2D) communications are considered promising technology for existing cellular networks in terms of reducing latency, enhancing power and spectral efficiencies, and extending cellular coverage. In the decentralized D2D mode of operation, authorized network devices can communicate and share data without the need for central processing stations, instead communicating via direct-link or multi-hop. As a result, D2D communications will play a significant role in offloading traffic on cellular base stations. However, many practical challenges remaining to D2D communications in ultra-dense networks require innovative research and practical solutions.

The goal of this Special Issue of Sensors is to present the latest research contributions to challenges faced by D2D communications in emerging ultra-dense networks, including security, cryptography, privacy and social-aware D2D communications, multi-hop D2D communications, cross-layer design for D2D communications, node discovery for D2D communications, mode selection in D2D-enabled networks, efficient in-band and out-band resource allocation, interference mitigation and management techniques, power control and optimization, NOMA D2D-enabled networks, and performance analysis techniques.

Readers of Sensors have a strong interest in the research progress in this emerging research field on wireless communications and networks.

Dr. Redha Radaydeh
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • multi-hop
  • cross-layer design
  • mode selection
  • node discovery
  • resource allocation
  • interference
  • power control
  • secrecy
  • security in D2D communications
  • network modeling
  • performance analysis

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 3017 KiB  
Article
CeRA-eSP: Code-Expanded Random Access to Enhance Success Probability of Massive MTC
by Jiseung Youn, Joohan Park, Joohyun Oh, Soohyeong Kim, Seyoung Ahn, Sunghyun Cho, Sangwoo Park and Cheolwoo You
Sensors 2022, 22(20), 7959; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22207959 - 19 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1822
Abstract
With the growing interest in the Internet of Things (IoT), research on massive machine-type communication (mMTC) services is being actively promoted. Because mMTC services are required to serve a large number of devices simultaneously, a lack of resources during initial access can be [...] Read more.
With the growing interest in the Internet of Things (IoT), research on massive machine-type communication (mMTC) services is being actively promoted. Because mMTC services are required to serve a large number of devices simultaneously, a lack of resources during initial access can be a significant problem when providing mMTC services in cellular networks. Various studies on efficient preamble transmission have been conducted to solve the random access problem of mMTC services. However, supporting a large number of devices simultaneously with limited resources is a challenging problem. In this study, we investigate code-expanded random access (CeRA), which extends the limited preamble resources to the code domain to decrease the high collision rate. To solve the existing CeRA phantom codeword and physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) resource shortage problems, we propose an optimal preamble codeword set selection algorithm based on mathematical analysis. The simulation results indicate that the proposed code-expanded random access scheme to enhance success probability (CeRA-eSP) achieves a higher random access success rate with a lower access delay compared to the existing random access schemes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Device to Device (D2D) Communication)
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20 pages, 653 KiB  
Article
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access for Unicast and Multicast D2D: Channel Assignment, Power Allocation and Energy Efficiency
by Mariem Hmila, Manuel Fernández-Veiga, Miguel Rodríguez-Pérez and Sergio Herrería-Alonso
Sensors 2021, 21(10), 3436; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21103436 - 14 May 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2188
Abstract
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) techniques have emerged in the past years as a solution to approximate the throughput performance of wireless communications systems to their theoretical capacity region. We consider in this paper an optimization-based model for multicast device-to-device (MD2D) communications where the [...] Read more.
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) techniques have emerged in the past years as a solution to approximate the throughput performance of wireless communications systems to their theoretical capacity region. We consider in this paper an optimization-based model for multicast device-to-device (MD2D) communications where the channels are not orthogonal and may be (partially or fully) shared among the transmitters in each cluster. This setting leads naturally to the introduction of NOMA transmitters and receivers who use successive interference cancellation (SIC) to separate the superposed signals. To analyze the role of NOMA in MD2D, its performance impact, potential performance gains and possible shortcomings, we formulate a model that includes SIC operations in the decoders, so that higher rates can be attained when several sources transmit on the same channel(s). We also investigate the energy efficiency of the network (global and max-min) through a dynamic power control algorithm and present a centralized and a semi-distributed solution to these optimization problems. Through numerical simulations, we show that NOMA is able to improve both the sum-rate and the max-min rate of a MD2D network even from a small degree of resource sharing. Furthermore, these gains also improve the global energy efficiency on the network, but not always the max-min energy efficiency of the devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Device to Device (D2D) Communication)
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23 pages, 2362 KiB  
Article
Opportunistic Network Algorithms for Internet Traffic Offloading in Music Festival Scenarios
by Aida-Ștefania Manole, Radu-Ioan Ciobanu, Ciprian Dobre and Raluca Purnichescu-Purtan
Sensors 2021, 21(10), 3315; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21103315 - 11 May 2021
Viewed by 2041
Abstract
Constant Internet connectivity has become a necessity in our lives. Hence, music festival organizers allocate part of their budget for temporary Wi-Fi equipment in order to sustain the high network traffic generated in such a small geographical area, but this naturally leads to [...] Read more.
Constant Internet connectivity has become a necessity in our lives. Hence, music festival organizers allocate part of their budget for temporary Wi-Fi equipment in order to sustain the high network traffic generated in such a small geographical area, but this naturally leads to high costs that need to be decreased. Thus, in this paper, we propose a solution that can help offload some of that traffic to an opportunistic network created with the attendees’ smartphones, therefore minimizing the costs of the temporary network infrastructure. Using a music festival-based mobility model that we propose and analyze, we introduce two routing algorithms which can enable end-to-end message delivery between participants. The key factors for high performance are social metrics and limiting the number of message copies at any given time. We show that the proposed solutions are able to offer high delivery rates and low delivery delays for various scenarios at a music festival. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Device to Device (D2D) Communication)
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16 pages, 3575 KiB  
Article
Self-Detecting Traffic Interference Control for Multi-Zone Services under 5G-Based Cellular Networks
by Chongdeuk Lee
Sensors 2021, 21(7), 2409; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21072409 - 31 Mar 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1858
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a multi-zone service control scheme to maximize the performance of each service zone when a large number of cellular service zones and Device-to-Device (D2D) service zones are composed into the 5G cellular network. This paper also improves performance [...] Read more.
In this paper, we propose a multi-zone service control scheme to maximize the performance of each service zone when a large number of cellular service zones and Device-to-Device (D2D) service zones are composed into the 5G cellular network. This paper also improves performance of service zone by dividing traffic into real-time traffic and non-real-time traffic in order to minimize traffic interference. Real-time traffic and non-real-time traffic have a significant impact on communication performance. We propose a new self-detection traffic interference control technique to improve the Quality of Service (QoS) and throughput of D2D and Cellular-to-Device (C2D) communication in a cellular network, Self-detecting Traffic Interference Control Scheme (STICS). The proposed STICS mechanism distinguishes between short-term traffic congestion process and long-term traffic congestion process according to traffic characteristics to detect and control traffic. When the proposed scheme is applied to the 5G-based cellular network environment, it is expected that the traffic type will be efficiently classified by self-detecting the traffic according to the flow. Such classified traffic is less sensitive to communication between the D2D and C2D links, thereby reducing traffic overload. We evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme through simulation and show that the proposed scheme is more efficient than other comparison schemes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Device to Device (D2D) Communication)
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21 pages, 1599 KiB  
Article
D2D Mobile Relaying Meets NOMA—Part I: A Biform Game Analysis
by Safaa Driouech, Essaid Sabir, Mounir Ghogho and El-Mehdi Amhoud
Sensors 2021, 21(3), 702; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21030702 - 20 Jan 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2725
Abstract
Structureless communications such as Device-to-Device (D2D) relaying are undeniably of paramount importance to improving the performance of today’s mobile networks. Such a communication paradigm requires implementing a certain level of intelligence at device level, allowing to interact with the environment and select proper [...] Read more.
Structureless communications such as Device-to-Device (D2D) relaying are undeniably of paramount importance to improving the performance of today’s mobile networks. Such a communication paradigm requires implementing a certain level of intelligence at device level, allowing to interact with the environment and select proper decisions. However, decentralizing decision making sometimes may induce some paradoxical outcomes resulting, therefore, in a performance drop, which sustains the design of self-organizing, yet efficient systems. Here, each device decides either to directly connect to the eNodeB or get access via another device through a D2D link. Given the set of active devices and the channel model, we derive the outage probability for both cellular link and D2D link, and compute the system throughput. We capture the device behavior using a biform game perspective. In the first part of this article, we analyze the pure and mixed Nash equilibria of the induced game where each device seeks to maximize its own throughput. Our framework allows us to analyse and predict the system’s performance. The second part of this article is devoted to implement two Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms enabling devices to self-organize themselves and learn their equilibrium pure/mixed strategies, in a fully distributed fashion. Simulation results show that offloading the network by means of D2D-relaying improves per device throughput. Moreover, detailed analysis on how the network parameters affect the global performance is provided. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Device to Device (D2D) Communication)
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