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Sensors in Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Sensors in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Sensing and Imaging".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 2228

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Simone Angela Winkler

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
Interests: MRI; brain features for the diagnostics and monitoring; neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as one of the most powerful and informative diagnostic tools in modern medicine. While most clinical MR studies use magnetic field strengths of 1.5T or 3T, leading research is pushing these magnetic field strengths to 7T and beyond. Innovative MRI sensors, such as modern RF coils, promise images with higher spatial resolution, higher sensitivity to subtle changes, and novel contrasts, which will, in turn, improve our basic understanding of anatomy and physiology in both healthy tissue and disease. This research topic will introduce some of the major challenges faced in modern MRI coil and sensor development and will summarize a number of concepts that are being researched to overcome these issues.

Dr. Simone Angela Winkler
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 3246 KiB  
Article
Simulation Validation of an 8-Channel Parallel-Transmit Dipole Array on an Infant Phantom: Including RF Losses for Robust Correlation with Experimental Results
by Jérémie Daniel Clément and Özlem Ipek
Sensors 2024, 24(7), 2254; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24072254 - 1 Apr 2024
Viewed by 553
Abstract
It is crucial to demonstrate a robust correlation between the simulated and manufactured parallel-transmit (pTx) arrays performances to release the currently-used, very restrictive safety margins. In this study, we describe the qualitative and quantitative validation of a simulation model with respect to experimental [...] Read more.
It is crucial to demonstrate a robust correlation between the simulated and manufactured parallel-transmit (pTx) arrays performances to release the currently-used, very restrictive safety margins. In this study, we describe the qualitative and quantitative validation of a simulation model with respect to experimental results for an 8-channel dipole array at 7T. An approach that includes the radiofrequency losses into the simulation model is presented and compared to simulation models neglecting these losses. Simulated S-matrices and individual B1+-field maps were compared with experimentally measured quantities. With the proposed approach, an average relative difference of ~1.1% was found between simulated and experimental reflection coefficients, ~4.2% for the 1st coupling terms, and ~9.4% for the 2nd coupling terms. A maximum normalized root-mean-square error of 4.8% was achieved between experimental and simulated individual B1+-field maps. The effectiveness of the simulation model to accurately predict the B1+-field patterns was assessed, qualitatively and quantitatively, through a comparison with experimental data. We conclude that, using the proposed model for radiofrequency losses, a robust correlation is achieved between simulated and experimental data using the 8-channel dipole array at 7T. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors in Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
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13 pages, 5644 KiB  
Article
A Metamaterial-like Structure Design Using Non-uniformly Distributed Dielectric and Conducting Strips to Boost the RF Field Distribution in 7 T MRI
by Santosh Kumar Maurya and Rita Schmidt
Sensors 2024, 24(7), 2250; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24072250 - 31 Mar 2024
Viewed by 655
Abstract
Metamaterial-based designs in ultra-high field (≥7 T) MRI have the promise of increasing the local magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal and potentially even the global efficiency of both the radiofrequency (RF) transmit and receive resonators. A recently proposed metamaterial-like structure—comprised of a high-permittivity [...] Read more.
Metamaterial-based designs in ultra-high field (≥7 T) MRI have the promise of increasing the local magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal and potentially even the global efficiency of both the radiofrequency (RF) transmit and receive resonators. A recently proposed metamaterial-like structure—comprised of a high-permittivity dielectric material and a set of evenly distributed copper strips—indeed resulted in a local increase in RF transmission. Here, we demonstrate that non-uniform designs of this metamaterial-like structure can be used to boost the ultimate RF field distribution. A non-uniform dielectric distribution can yield longer electric dipoles, thus extending the RF transmit field coverage. A non-uniform distribution of conducting strips enables the tailoring of the local electric field hot spots, where a concave distribution resulted in lower power deposition. Simulations of the brain and calf regions using our new metamaterial-like design, which combines non-uniform distributions of both the dielectric and conducting strips, revealed a 1.4-fold increase in the RF field coverage compared to the uniform distribution, and a 1.5–2-fold increase in the transmit efficiency compared to the standard surface-coil. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors in Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
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14 pages, 4117 KiB  
Article
Dual-Channel Transverse Fields Radiofrequency Coils for 1.5 T Magnetic Resonance Imaging
by Giulio Giovannetti, Denis Burov, Marcello Alecci, Rocco Rollo and Angelo Galante
Sensors 2024, 24(7), 2049; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24072049 - 23 Mar 2024
Viewed by 502
Abstract
This theoretical study presents the design and analytical/numerical optimization of novel dual-channel transverse fields radiofrequency (RF) surface coils for 1.5 T Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The research explores a planar setup with two channels on a row with aligned spatial orientation of the [...] Read more.
This theoretical study presents the design and analytical/numerical optimization of novel dual-channel transverse fields radiofrequency (RF) surface coils for 1.5 T Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The research explores a planar setup with two channels on a row with aligned spatial orientation of the RF coils, aiming to solve a common design drawback of single-channel transverse field RF coils: the reduced Field Of View (FOV) along the direction of the RF field. A significant challenge in this design is the efficient decoupling of two sets of transverse field RF coils to prevent mutual interference. Our modeling approach integrates thin wire theoretical modeling, magnetostatic computation for strip conductor coils, and their full-wave electromagnetic simulation. Key findings at 64 MHz demonstrate that strategic geometric placement among the two-channel RF coil and the introduction of geometrical asymmetry in the design of the individual RF coils does minimize the mutual inductance, paving the way for effective dual-channel MRI applications. This decoupling approach allows to enhance the FOV, providing a theoretical framework for the development of optimized dual-channel transverse field RF coil configurations. The current design was validated with full-wave numerical study at 64 MHz (1H, 1.5 T), has the potential to be extended at lower or higher frequencies, and the presence of lossy samples needs to be considered in the latter case. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors in Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
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