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Remote Sensing of Variables and Mesoscale Processes Linking the Ocean and Atmosphere

A special issue of Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292). This special issue belongs to the section "Ocean Remote Sensing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 4144

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor

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Guest Editor
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
Interests: high-resolution air-sea interaction; satellite remote sensing; ocean modeling

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Guest Editor Assistant
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
Interests: ocean waves; wind; oceanography; remote sensing; spaceborne radar

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent studies have shown very strong coupling between the ocean and atmosphere on the oceanic and atmospheric mesoscale (approximately 10 to 100 km length scales). The impacts of these scales on ocean processes, weather, and climate have become a topic of wide interest. Recent observations qualitatively confirm some model expectations, but also demonstrate large departures between models and satellite observations. Interactions between winds and currents also influence the generation of ocean eddies (reducing the ocean’s eddy kinetic energy) and influence the latitudinal envelope of western boundary current extensions that moves across the mid-latitude oceans. These currents supply heat to storms, as well as heat and moisture to countries down wind of these currents. The air–sea exchange and storage of gases is also modified by several of these processes, as is the carbon cycle through changes in primary productivity. Papers on all aspects of these interactions and possible satellite connections between observations and modeling are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Mark Bourassa
Dr. Carol Anne Clayson
Alexander Wineteer
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • air-sea interactions
  • ocean circulation
  • sea wind
  • waves
  • remote sensing
  • coupled modeling
 

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 6499 KiB  
Article
Tracking Loop Current Eddies in the Gulf of Mexico Using Satellite-Derived Chlorophyll-a
by Corinne B. Trott, Bulusu Subrahmanyam, Luna Hiron and Olmo Zavala-Romero
Remote Sens. 2024, 16(12), 2234; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122234 - 19 Jun 2024
Viewed by 984
Abstract
During the period of 2018–2022, there were six named Loop Current Eddy (LCE) shedding events in the central Gulf of Mexico (GoM). LCEs form when a large anticyclonic eddy (AE) separates from the main Loop Current (LC) and propagates westward. In doing so, [...] Read more.
During the period of 2018–2022, there were six named Loop Current Eddy (LCE) shedding events in the central Gulf of Mexico (GoM). LCEs form when a large anticyclonic eddy (AE) separates from the main Loop Current (LC) and propagates westward. In doing so, each LCE traps and advects warmer, saltier waters with lower Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations than the surrounding Gulf waters. This difference in water mass permits the study of the effectiveness of using Chl-a from satellite-derived ocean color to identify LCEs in the GoM. In this work, we apply an eddy-tracking algorithm to Chl-a to detect LCEs, which we have validated against the traditional sea surface height-(SSH) based eddy-tracking approach with three datasets. We apply a closed-contour eddy-tracking algorithm to the SSH of two model products (HYbrid Coordination Ocean Model; HYCOM and Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean; NEMO) and absolute dynamic topography (ADT) from altimetry, as well as satellite-derived Chl-a data to identify the six named LCEs from 2018 to 2022. We find that Chl-a best characterizes LCEs in the summertime due to a basin-wide increase in the horizontal gradient of Chl-a, which permits a more clearly defined eddy edge. This study demonstrates that Chl-a can be effectively used to identify and track LC and LCEs in the GoM, serving as a promising source of information for regional data assimilative models. Full article
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24 pages, 15050 KiB  
Article
Eddy Characteristics and Vertical Structure in the Bay of Bengal during Different Monsoon Regimes
by Corinne B. Trott and Bulusu Subrahmanyam
Remote Sens. 2023, 15(4), 1079; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15041079 - 16 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2353
Abstract
The evolution of mesoscale eddies in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) and their characteristics (number of eddies, radius, amplitude, and eddy kinetic energy) are addressed during all strong, normal, and weak monsoon regimes from 1993 to 2019. Their impacts on the 3–7-day synoptic [...] Read more.
The evolution of mesoscale eddies in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) and their characteristics (number of eddies, radius, amplitude, and eddy kinetic energy) are addressed during all strong, normal, and weak monsoon regimes from 1993 to 2019. Their impacts on the 3–7-day synoptic oscillations of atmospheric precipitation and upper ocean heat content are also assessed. In the western Bay, eddies are located in the meandering East India Coastal Current (EICC). The propagation of coastally trapped Kelvin waves into the Andaman Sea varies with monsoon intensity. Eddies with smaller radii, weaker amplitudes, increased vertical mixing, and deeper vertical extents were found during weak monsoons. Eddy kinetic energy (EKE) of EICC anticyclonic eddies is high (1200–2000 cm2 s−2) in May and November-December during weak and normal monsoon regimes, and EKE attains a maximum off the Sri Lanka coast during the strong monsoon regime. Throughout the Bay, density anomalies at ~100 m depth are influenced by subsurface temperature anomalies, while those at the surface more closely follow salinity anomalies. Wavelet coherence analysis for all three monsoon regimes reveals stronger coherence between eddy amplitude, atmospheric precipitation, and ocean heat content than the number of eddies for both anticyclonic and cyclonic eddies. Full article
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