Transport Processes in Single- and Multi-Phase Flow Systems

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2026 | Viewed by 2108

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Thermal Engineering and Energy, “VINČA” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National, Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Interests: chemical engineering; turbulent reactive flows; heat and mass transfer; thermal engineering; artificial intelligence; combustion; numerical simulations; mathematical modeling; transport processes, fluid mechanics; environmental engineering

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Guest Editor
Department of Thermal Engineering and Energy, “VINČA” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National, Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Interests: heat and mass transfer; radiation; turbulence; steam; entrained flow; combustion; modeling; numerical simulations; processes control

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Transport processes that involve the transfer of mass, momentum and energy are fundamental to a variety of industrial systems and natural phenomena. These processes can occur with or without chemical reactions, and their behavior is influenced by the phase structure of the system, such as the single-phase or the multiphase flow environment. In single-phase transport systems, the processes are typically governed by diffusion, turbulence and heat transfer, etc.; however, in multiphase systems, such as particle laden flow or gas–liquid mixtures, interactions between the phases complicate transport and require the phase boundaries and the interphase exchanges to be considered. The introduction of chemical reactions further complicates these processes as they influence concentration gradients, the temperature field and properties of the fluid. In reactive single-phase flow systems, the transport equations are coupled with the homogeneous reaction kinetics. In multi-phase flow systems, the chemical reactions that occur at the phase interfaces can significantly influence mass transfer rates and momentum exchange, e.g., in catalytic reactions or the heterogeneous combustion of fuel. In addition to experimental and theoretical research, the development of computer models, such as CFD and machine learning models and methods, can be employed to better understand, analyze and optimize these transport processes, highlighting their applications in science and engineering.

This Special Issue, entitled “Transport Processes in Single- and Multi-Phase Flow Systems”, aims to collect novel research contributions that present experimental investigations, model transport processes, or provide comprehensive reviews that suggest research directions and reliable benchmarks for further investigations within this field.

Dr. Aleksandar Milićević
Dr. Nenad Crnomarković
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • single- and multi-phase flow systems
  • transport processes
  • fluid mechanics
  • heat transfer
  • chemical reactions
  • experiments
  • modeling and simulation
  • artificial intelligence
  • process control

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 4632 KB  
Article
CFD Simulation and Analysis of Velocity, Temperature, and Pressure Fields for Salt-Carrying Steam Flow in a U-Bend Tube
by Genying Gao, Mingyu Luan, Hanzeng Cheng, Junde Liu, Yang Yang and Lei Deng
Processes 2025, 13(11), 3379; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13113379 - 22 Oct 2025
Abstract
To investigate the influence of salt transport in water–steam mixtures on flow and heat transfer and to ensure the operational safety of steam injection boilers, this study simulated the behavior of high-dryness steam carrying salts in U-tubes. The analysis focused on three representative [...] Read more.
To investigate the influence of salt transport in water–steam mixtures on flow and heat transfer and to ensure the operational safety of steam injection boilers, this study simulated the behavior of high-dryness steam carrying salts in U-tubes. The analysis focused on three representative substances—silica, hematite, and calcium carbonate—to evaluate their effects on flow and heat transfer characteristics under varying conditions. The simulation results show that under specified operating conditions, vortices induced by rotational flow lead to complex flow behavior in U-tubes, with transitions from stratified flow to annular flow and back to stratified flow. The effects of salt precipitation on the temperature, velocity, and pressure fields of the boiling flow were also examined. The findings indicate that for pure water, large gradients and multiple vortices adversely affect flow stability, whereas the introduction of small amounts of salts provides localized stabilization in regions of the fluid away from the wall. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transport Processes in Single- and Multi-Phase Flow Systems)
16 pages, 9259 KB  
Article
Computational Analysis of Two Micro-Vortex Generator Configurations for Supersonic Boundary Layer Flow Control
by Yong Yang, Caixia Chen, Yonghua Yan and Mai Al Shaaban
Processes 2025, 13(9), 2818; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13092818 - 3 Sep 2025
Viewed by 555
Abstract
The increasing demand for effective flow control in supersonic boundary layers, particularly for mitigating shock-wave boundary-layer interactions, underscores the need to explore optimized micro-vortex generator (MVG) configurations. This study investigates the aerodynamic performance of two different MVG configurations: a two-MVG setup with a [...] Read more.
The increasing demand for effective flow control in supersonic boundary layers, particularly for mitigating shock-wave boundary-layer interactions, underscores the need to explore optimized micro-vortex generator (MVG) configurations. This study investigates the aerodynamic performance of two different MVG configurations: a two-MVG setup with a pair of close parallel-positioned MVGs and a three-MVG arrangement that includes an additional upstream unit. Both are examined within a Mach 2.5 flow regime, aiming to improve mixing and energize the boundary layer. Large Eddy Simulations (LES) were performed using high-order numerical schemes. A newly developed vortex identification method was utilized to characterize vortex structures, while turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) metrics were integrated to quantify turbulence. Findings reveal that the two-MVG configuration produces regular, symmetric vortex pairs with limited interaction. This results in a steady increase in TKE and a thickened momentum boundary layer—indicative of notable energy loss. In contrast, the three-MVG setup generates more intricate and interactive vortex formations that significantly elevate TKE levels, rapidly expand the turbulent region, and reduce energy loss downstream. The peak TKE occurs before tapering slightly. Instantaneous flow analysis further highlights chaotic, hairpin-dominated vortex structures in the three-MVG case, compared to the more orderly ones observed in the two-MVG case. Overall, the three-MVG configuration demonstrates superior mixing and boundary-layer energization potential, albeit with greater structural complexity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transport Processes in Single- and Multi-Phase Flow Systems)
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