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Journals
Processes
Special Issues
Design and Application of Microalgal Bioreactors
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Design and Application of Microalgal Bioreactors

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Biological Processes and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2025 | Viewed by 508

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Zhen Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
Interests: microalgae; cultivation; photobioreactors; antioxidants; polysaccharides
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Leonardo Zambotti-Villela

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
Interests: biorefinery; ESG; algae; bioeconomy; natural product; green technology; biotechnology; startup

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Microalgae possess significant value across multiple fields, serving as food, feed, cosmetics, nutrition, and medicine, while also playing a pivotal role in green manufacturing, renewable energy production, and environmental ecological protection. However, the expansion of these applications has been hampered by a key challenge: the limited availability of microalgal biomass. The crux of this issue lies in achieving low-cost and high-density cultivation, which necessitates the optimization and scaling-up of bioreactors.

To address this, we aim to bring together the latest advancements in research and application, particularly focusing on the innovative design theories, optimization techniques, and practical applications of microalgae bioreactors. The topics we will cover include, but are not limited to, methods and applications in the following areas:

  • Bioreactor;
  • Bionic designs;
  • Numerical simulations;
  • Microalgal heterotrophic fermentation process engineering;
  • The innovation and application of bioreactors for microalgae mixotrophic cultivation;
  • The optimization of conventional photobioreactors;
  • New types of photobioreactors;
  • Material innovation for microalgae bioreactors;
  • The automatic and intelligent control of microalgae bioreactors;
  • High-density and high-efficiency culture technology and growth kinetics in microalgae bioreactors;
  • The innovative application of microalgae bioreactors in high value-added product and bio-energy production, carbon sequestration, and phycoremediation;
  • The scaling-up and industrial application of microalgae bioreactors.

Dr. Zhen Zhang
Dr. Leonardo Zambotti-Villela
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microalgae
  • biomass
  • photobioreactor
  • fermentation
  • mixtrophic
  • CFD
  • scale up
  • light
  • mass transfer

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 1682 KiB  
Article
Optimisation for Sustainable Supply Chain of Aviation Fuel, Green Diesel, and Gasoline from Microalgae Cultivated in Sugarcane Vinasse
by Jorge Eduardo Infante Cuan, Víctor Fernández García, Reynaldo Palacios and Adriano Viana Ensinas
Processes 2025, 13(5), 1326; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13051326 - 26 Apr 2025
Viewed by 227
Abstract
The development of new technologies for the production of renewable energy is fundamental to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, the search for new energy generation methods that are environmentally responsible, socially rational, and economically viable is gaining momentum in order to mitigate carbon [...] Read more.
The development of new technologies for the production of renewable energy is fundamental to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, the search for new energy generation methods that are environmentally responsible, socially rational, and economically viable is gaining momentum in order to mitigate carbon footprint. The aviation sector is responsible for a significant fraction of greenhouse gas emissions; for this reason, the decarbonisation of this sector must be investigated using biorefinery models. This study presents a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model for optimising the design and configuration of the supply chain in different states of Brazil for the production of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) and green diesel and gasoline, using microalgae cultivated in sugarcane vinasse as the raw material. The technology of hydrothermal liquefaction was assessed in terms of its capacity to convert microalgae without need for the energy-intensive drying step. The MILP model was developed in the LINGO v.20 software using a library of physical and economic process models. We consider the selection of processes based on the object of total minimum cost, with optimal production plant scaling and regional supply chain design, including an assessment of resources and final product distribution. A case study was implemented in Brazil, considering different regions of the country and its local demands for fuels. São Paulo is the most profitable state, with a cash flow of 1071.09 and an IRR of 36.19%, far outperforming the rest. Transport emissions alone represent between 0.6 and 8.6% of emissions generated by the model. The costs of raw materials, mainly hydrogen (57%) and electricity (27%) represent the main costs evaluated in the model. The production cost (MUS$/TJ biofuel) is in the range of 0.009–0.011. Finally, changes in the cost of electricity have the greatest impact on the model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Application of Microalgal Bioreactors)
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