Innovations in Solar Cell Technology: Materials, Efficiency and Sustainability

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 1899

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha 5825, Qatar
Interests: solar cells; thin films; perovskite solar cells; physical vapor deposition

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Guest Editor

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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
Interests: sensors and electronics; biomedical engineering; smart waste management; IoT-based solution

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue, titled "Innovations in Solar Cell Technology: Materials, Efficiency and Sustainability", studies transformative advancements in solar energy technologies, prioritizing the development of novel materials, strategies to enhance performance, and environmentally responsible practices. It highlights groundbreaking contributions on emerging photovoltaic materials such as perovskites, organic photovoltaics, and tandem solar cells, offering insights into their potential to revolutionize industry. This Special Issue explores key challenges, including achieving higher energy conversion efficiency while ensuring long-term stability, scalability for industrial production, and reduced manufacturing costs. Significant focus is placed on the use of sustainable materials, recycling innovations, and minimizing environmental impact throughout the lifecycles of solar cells. This Special Issue underscores the intersection of materials science, advanced engineering techniques, and sustainability to develop next-generation solar cells. By addressing the integration of high-efficiency designs and eco-friendly practices, it seeks to provide a comprehensive framework for developing scalable, durable, and cost-effective photovoltaic technologies that align with global sustainability goals. The Special Issue also explores advanced characterization techniques and their roles in identifying defects, enhancing material properties, and optimizing device interfaces. These insights are critical for pushing the boundaries of solar cell technology.

Dr. Mohammad Istiaque Hossain
Dr. Brahim Aïssa
Dr. Amith MD. Abdullah Khandakar
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • solar energy innovations
  • emerging photovoltaic materials
  • perovskite and tandem solar cells
  • organic photovoltaics
  • energy conversion efficiency
  • sustainable solar cell technologies
  • material lifecycle and recycling
  • industrial scalability
  • renewable energy technologies
  • advance characterization

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3274 KiB  
Article
From Structure to Efficiency: Unveiling the Role of Calcination Temperature in Nb2O5-Based DSSCs
by Ronald Luiz Castiglioni Davi, Edson Araujo de Almeida, Ana Paula Peron, Everson do Prado Banczek, Osvaldo Valarini Junior and Gideã Taques Tractz
Processes 2025, 13(6), 1857; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13061857 - 12 Jun 2025
Viewed by 398
Abstract
The development of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) has gained prominence as an economical alternative for photovoltaic energy conversion. This work investigates the synthesis of niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) by the Pechini method, followed by calcination at different temperatures (500 °C, [...] Read more.
The development of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) has gained prominence as an economical alternative for photovoltaic energy conversion. This work investigates the synthesis of niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) by the Pechini method, followed by calcination at different temperatures (500 °C, 600 °C and 700 °C) to evaluate its structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties as a photoanode material in DSSCs. SEM and XRD analyses revealed that calcination at 600 °C produced a material with optimized particle size (642.17 ± 37 nm) and adequate crystalline structure, favoring dye adsorption and electronic transport. Electrochemical characterization, including open-circuit potential and impedance spectroscopy, indicated that the sample at 600 °C presented superior photovoltaic performance, achieving a power conversion efficiency of 1.39% and electron lifetime equal to 0.159 s. These findings suggest that Nb2O5, under controlled calcination conditions, may act as a promising alternative to TiO2 substitution in DSSC applications. Full article
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15 pages, 4153 KiB  
Article
Optimizing Light Management in Bifacial Perovskite Solar Cells Using Silica-Based Anti-Dust and Anti-Reflection Coatings for Harsh Environments
by Kevin Thomas, Ahasanur Rahman, Amith Khandakar, Puvaneswaran Chelvanathan, Brahim Aissa and Mohammad Istiaque Hossain
Processes 2025, 13(2), 578; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13020578 - 18 Feb 2025
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 887
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate an advanced light management strategy for bifacial perovskite solar cells incorporating a silica-based anti-dust and anti-reflection (AR) coating. The silica layer provides dual functionality, enhancing optical efficiency through effective reflection suppression and protecting the solar cell surface from [...] Read more.
In this work, we demonstrate an advanced light management strategy for bifacial perovskite solar cells incorporating a silica-based anti-dust and anti-reflection (AR) coating. The silica layer provides dual functionality, enhancing optical efficiency through effective reflection suppression and protecting the solar cell surface from environmental contaminants, especially dust. The hydrophobic nature of the silica coating further prevents accumulation of dust and particulate matter, supporting a self-cleaning mechanism that maintains cell transparency and performance over extended periods. The simulation results indicated that transitioning from a monofacial to a bifacial design with a silica layer on top had a considerable impact on the PSC performance. The optimized bifacial structure demonstrated high-performance metrics, achieving a voltage of 1.35 V, a fill factor of 84.24%, a current density (JSC) of 29.10 mA/cm2, and a power conversion efficiency of 31.00% when illuminated from the electron transport layer side. When illuminated from the hole transport layer side, the structure attained an efficiency of 22.00% with a calculated bifaciality factor (BF) of 72.12%, highlighting the potential of bifacial PSC design. Our findings reveal that the addition of the silica layer led to a notable improvement in light harvesting efficiency. Full article
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