Advancements in Cereal Quality Assessment: Implications for Crop Improvement and Food Processing

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 729

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Corso Savoia, 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
Interests: enrichment of cereal-based foods; development of innovative, sustainable bakery products with health benefits; food waste upcycling; statistical data analysis; applying advanced techniques (data mining, factor analysis, PCA, clustering methods)

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The journal Plants will publish a Special Issue entitled “Advancements in Cereal Quality Assessment: Implications for Crop Improvement and Food Processing”.

Cereals, representing the most important agricultural products for both human and animal nutrition worldwide, play an outstanding role: these crops and their products are important staple foods, providing essential nutrients and bioactive compounds. In recent years, significant advances have been achieved in the assessment of grain quality, leading to improvements in primary cereal production. These improvements include higher yields, reduced incidence of fungal diseases and, consequently, lower levels of mycotoxins, enhanced protein and gluten content (in the case of gluten cereals), a better amino acid profile and, especially in gluten-free cereals, increased fiber content with a favorable soluble/insoluble ratio.

At the level of industrial processing, there is growing interest in the wider utilization of cereal grains that are usually hulled (oats, barley, einkorn, dicoccum, spelt).

Therefore, considering the high interest in the advances in cereal quality as an emerging challenge for crop improvement and food processing, this Special Issue will cover a wide variety of related areas, with the aim of contributing to the overall knowledge of different quality aspects, such as the physicochemical, rheological, technological, microbiological and sensorial aspects of cereals and processed products.

Dr. Alfio Spina
Dr. Maria Allegra
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • bread and durum wheat
  • corn
  • rice
  • barley
  • oats
  • rye
  • hulled cereals
  • quality
  • crop improvement
  • industrial processing

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 3509 KiB  
Article
Uncovering the Differences in Flavour Volatiles from Hybrid and Conventional Foxtail Millet Varieties Based on Gas Chromatography–Ion Migration Spectrometry and Chemometrics
by Zhongxiao Yue, Ruidong Zhang, Naihong Feng and Xiangyang Yuan
Plants 2025, 14(5), 708; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14050708 - 26 Feb 2025
Viewed by 443
Abstract
The flavour of foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.) is an important indicator for evaluating the quality of the millet. The volatile components in steamed millet porridge samples were analysed using electronic nose (E-Nose) and gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) techniques, [...] Read more.
The flavour of foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.) is an important indicator for evaluating the quality of the millet. The volatile components in steamed millet porridge samples were analysed using electronic nose (E-Nose) and gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) techniques, and characteristic volatile fingerprints were constructed to clarify the differences in the main flavour substances in different foxtail millet varieties (two hybrids and two conventional foxtail millets). After sensory evaluation by judges, Jingu 21 (JG) scored significantly higher than the other varieties, and the others were, in order, Jinmiao K1 (JM), Changzagu 466 (CZ) and Zhangzagu 3 (ZZ). E-Nose analysis showed differences in sulphides and terpenoids, nitrogen oxides, organosulphides and aromatic compounds in different varieties of millet porridge. A total of 59 volatile components were determined by GC-IMS in the four varieties of millet porridge, including 23 aldehydes, 17 alcohols, 9 ketones, 4 esters, 2 acids, 3 furans and 1 pyrazine. Comparative analyses of the volatile components in JG, JM, ZZ and CZ revealed that the contents of octanal, nonanal and 3-methyl-2-butenal were higher in JG; the contents of trans-2-butenal, 2-methyl-1-propanol, trans-2-heptenal and trans-2-pentenal were higher in JM; and the contents of 2-octanone, hexanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2-pentanone and butyraldehyde were higher in ZZ. The contents of 2-butanol, propionic acid and acetic acid were higher in CZ. A prediction model with good stability was established by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and 25 potential characteristic markers (VIP > 1) were screened out from 59 volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These volatile components can be used to distinguish the different varieties of millet porridge samples. Moreover, we found conventional foxtail millet contained more aldehydes than the hybridised foxtail millet; especially decanal, 1-nonanal-D, heptanal-D, 1-octanal-M, 1-octanal-D and 1-nonanal-M were significantly higher in JG than in the other varieties. These results indicate that the E-Nose combined with GC-IMS can be used to characterise the flavour volatiles of different foxtail millet, and the results of this study may provide some information for future understanding of the aroma characteristics of foxtail millet and the genetic improvement of hybrid grains. Full article
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