Prodrug Strategies for Enhancing Drug Stability and Pharmacokinetics

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Drug Targeting and Design".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 January 2026 | Viewed by 1960

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
Interests: prodrugs; biocatalysis, prodrug synthesis; by-products valorization

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
Interests: prodrug; natural product synthesis; enzyme technologies

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Prodrugs, defined as pharmacologically inactive compounds that undergo bioactivation in vivo, offer solutions to poor solubility, low bioavailability, rapid metabolism, and targeted delivery challenges. The development of prodrugs is a pivotal strategy in modern medicinal chemistry, aimed at overcoming intrinsic limitations related to drug formulation, delivery, pharmacokinetics, and bioavailability. The prodrug approach may save time, protect resources, and facilitate the overall drug development process. This Special Issue, "Prodrug Strategies for Enhancing Drug Stability and Pharmacokinetics", seeks to present cutting-edge research and reviews on innovative approaches to prodrug design, whether through traditional chemical synthesis or biocatalytic and green approaches. Emphasis will be placed on strategies that enhance drug solubility, stability, and pharmacokinetics, including advancements in bioavailability optimization, duration of action prolongation, and reduction of adverse effects. This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in prodrug technologies, highlighting prodrugs as better pharmaceutically active agents with improved safety profiles. We invite researchers to submit original research articles and reviews that explore these multifaceted aspects of prodrug development, aiming to highlight successful strategies and novel insights into this ever-evolving field.

Dr. Federico Zappaterra
Dr. Pier Paolo Giovannini
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • prodrug development
  • drug solubility enhancement
  • pharmacokinetic optimization
  • bioavailability improvement
  • innovative drug design
  • green biocatalytic approaches

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

30 pages, 4173 KB  
Review
Recent Advances in Nanomedicine: Cutting-Edge Research on Nano-PROTAC Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy
by Xiaoqing Wu, Yueli Shu, Yao Zheng, Peichuan Zhang, Hanwen Cong, Yingpei Zou, Hao Cai and Zhengyu Zha
Pharmaceutics 2025, 17(8), 1037; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17081037 - 10 Aug 2025
Viewed by 1323
Abstract
Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) selectively degrade target proteins by recruiting intracellular E3 ubiquitin ligases, overcoming the limitations of traditional small-molecule inhibitors that merely block protein function. This approach has garnered significant interest in precision cancer therapy. However, the clinical translation of PROTACs is hindered [...] Read more.
Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) selectively degrade target proteins by recruiting intracellular E3 ubiquitin ligases, overcoming the limitations of traditional small-molecule inhibitors that merely block protein function. This approach has garnered significant interest in precision cancer therapy. However, the clinical translation of PROTACs is hindered by their typically high molecular weight, poor membrane permeability, and suboptimal pharmacokinetic properties. Nanodrug delivery technologies represent a promising approach to overcome the limitations of PROTACs. By encapsulating, conjugating, or integrating PROTACs into functionalized nanocarriers, these systems can substantially enhance solubility and biostability, enable tumor-targeted and stimuli-responsive delivery, and thereby effectively alleviate the “hook effect” and minimize off-target toxicity. This review systematically outlines the primary design strategies for current nano-PROTAC delivery systems, including physical encapsulation, chemical conjugation, carrier-free self-assembly systems, and intelligent “split-and-mix” delivery platforms. We provide an overview and evaluation of recent advances in diverse nanomaterial carriers—such as lipid-based nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, biological carriers, and hybrid nanoparticles—highlighting their synergistic therapeutic potential for PROTACs delivery. The clinical translation prospects of these innovative systems are also discussed. This comprehensive analysis aims to deepen the understanding of this rapidly evolving field, address current challenges and opportunities, promote the advancement of nano-PROTACs, and offer insights into their future development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prodrug Strategies for Enhancing Drug Stability and Pharmacokinetics)
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