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Pathogens
Special Issues
Infection and Immunity in Animals
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Infection and Immunity in Animals

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunological Responses and Immune Defense Mechanisms".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2025) | Viewed by 7010

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Wanglong Zheng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
2. Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, China
3. Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
4. Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Interests: infection and immunity; innate immune signaling; comparative immunology; anti-viral immunity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

(1) We are pleased to invite you to contribute a paper related to our topic, entitled "Infection and Immunity in Animals".

Infectious diseases are considered the largest threat to sustainable development, especially for animals reared in groups or flocks, as infection in one animal can infect the whole herd. Therefore, the prevention and control of animal infection diseases not only meet the urgent needs of animal welfare and the sustainable development of the animal breeding industry, but also benefit human health and societal stability. The method by which to efficiently combat infectious agents, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites, is now more important than ever. Understanding the mechanisms of pathogenesis caused by bacteria, viruses, and parasites plays a key role in preventing infectious diseases in animals.

(2) This Special Issue aims to present the latest findings regarding host–pathogen interaction and will cover all topics concerning the pathogenesis, virulence, and control strategies of animal epidemic disease.

(3) In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following: infectious diseases of animals and immunity of animals.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Wanglong Zheng
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pathogens is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pathogenesis
  • bacterium
  • virus
  • parasite
  • innate immunity
  • adaptive immunity
  • immune evasion
  • animal epidemic disease

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 3141 KB  
Article
Development of a TaqMan-Based Duplex Real-Time Quantitative RT-PCR for Detection and Differentiation of Muscovy Duck Reovirus and Novel Duck Reovirus
by Li Liu, Jinping Fu, Mengzhou Lin, Anping Wang, Shuang Wu and Chuanmin Liu
Pathogens 2025, 14(12), 1231; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14121231 - 2 Dec 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 492
Abstract
Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV) and novel duck reovirus (NDRV) are major pathogens in duck breeding, leading to substantial economic losses in the waterfowl industry. This study aimed to develop a precise detection and differentiation method for both viruses simultaneously. Specific primers and probes [...] Read more.
Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV) and novel duck reovirus (NDRV) are major pathogens in duck breeding, leading to substantial economic losses in the waterfowl industry. This study aimed to develop a precise detection and differentiation method for both viruses simultaneously. Specific primers and probes targeting the S3 gene were designed, and a duplex TaqMan-based real-time RT-PCR assay was established following optimization of reaction conditions. The assay demonstrated high amplification efficiency (100.1–106.7%), strong linear correlation (R2 > 0.999), and low limits of detection (13–25 copies/µL). Intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were below 1.5%, confirming excellent repeatability and stability. Applied to 122 clinical duck tissue samples, the assay detected MDRV in 29.5% (36/122) and NDRV in 39.3% (48/122) of samples, with results fully validated by singleplex RT-PCR assays. Our study provides a reliable, specific, and reproducible tool for surveillance and epidemiological studies of MDRV and NDRV. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infection and Immunity in Animals)
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11 pages, 653 KB  
Article
Seroprevalence of Brucellosis in Haryana, India: A Study Using Rose Bengal Plate Test and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
by Dinesh Mittal, Kushal Grakh, Manesh Kumar, Punit Jhandai, Swati Dahiya, Renu Gupta, Ramesh Kumar, Anand Prakash, Pankaj Kumar, Pallavi Moudgil, Rajesh Khurana and Naresh Jindal
Pathogens 2025, 14(4), 373; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14040373 - 10 Apr 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1762
Abstract
Brucellosis, a contagious reproductive disease of livestock, has a significant economic impact in terms of abortions and stillbirths and has zoonotic importance. A study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in a bovine population in Haryana state, India. This study was [...] Read more.
Brucellosis, a contagious reproductive disease of livestock, has a significant economic impact in terms of abortions and stillbirths and has zoonotic importance. A study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in a bovine population in Haryana state, India. This study was carried out on 4325 bovine serum samples (Cattle: 2151, Buffalo: 2174) using the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (i-ELISA). The seroprevalence, estimated individually by the RBPT and i-ELISA, was found to be 6.86% (95% CI: 6.11–7.62) and 6.05% (95% CI: 5.34–6.76), respectively. In total, 258 out of 4325 (5.96%; 95% CI: 5.25–6.67) samples were found to be positive by both assays. The prevalence was found to be significantly higher in the cattle population (7.58%) as compared to buffalo (4.37%) (Chi-square = 19, p < 0.001). Seroprevalence was highest in the agroclimatic zone I (8.73%), followed by zone II (7.33%) and zone III (1.45%) (Chi-square = 76.27, p < 0.001). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infection and Immunity in Animals)
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Review

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15 pages, 3357 KB  
Review
How Does African Swine Fever Virus Evade the cGAS-STING Pathway?
by Can Lin, Chenyang Zhang, Nanhua Chen, François Meurens, Jianzhong Zhu and Wanglong Zheng
Pathogens 2024, 13(11), 957; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13110957 - 2 Nov 2024
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4129
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF), a highly infectious and devastating disease affecting both domestic pigs and wild boars, is caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). ASF has resulted in rapid global spread of the disease, leading to significant economic losses within the [...] Read more.
African swine fever (ASF), a highly infectious and devastating disease affecting both domestic pigs and wild boars, is caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). ASF has resulted in rapid global spread of the disease, leading to significant economic losses within the swine industry. A significant obstacle to the creation of safe and effective ASF vaccines is the existing knowledge gap regarding the pathogenesis of ASFV and its mechanisms of immune evasion. The cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS)–stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is a major pathway mediating type I interferon (IFN) antiviral immune response against infections by diverse classes of pathogens that contain DNA or generate DNA in their life cycles. To evade the host’s innate immune response, ASFV encodes many proteins that inhibit the production of type I IFN by antagonizing the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. Multiple proteins of ASFV are involved in promoting viral replication by protein–protein interaction during ASFV infection. The protein QP383R could impair the function of cGAS. The proteins EP364R, C129R and B175L could disturb the function of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP). The proteins E248R, L83L, MGF505-11L, MGF505-7R, H240R, CD2v, E184L, B175L and p17 could interfere with the function of STING. The proteins MGF360-11L, MGF505-7R, I215L, DP96R, A151R and S273R could affect the function of TANK Binding Kinase 1 (TBK1) and IκB kinase ε (IKKε). The proteins MGF360-14L, M1249L, E120R, S273R, D129L, E301R, DP96R, MGF505-7R and I226R could inhibit the function of Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 (IRF3). The proteins MGF360-12L, MGF505-7R/A528R, UBCv1 and A238L could inhibit the function of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-Κb). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infection and Immunity in Animals)
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