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Ways to Improve the Nutrition and Metabolic Health of Pregnant Women and Their Offspring

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition in Women".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 October 2024) | Viewed by 1178

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Conjoint Associate Professor, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Interests: diabetes; obesity; pregnancy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pregnancy can be considered a window into one's future health. For the mother and the developing child's health and wellbeing, optimal nutrition throughout this period is crucial because pregnancy outcomes have a lasting effect on both the mother and the unborn child. Furthermore, early nutrition can affect the development and formation of dietary patterns and behavioral patterns that last a lifetime because, at this stage, the fetus’s physiological development and metabolism are influenced by the mother’s nutrition. However, determining optimal nutrition for different stages of pregnancy is challenging.

This Special Issue, “Ways to Improve the Nutrition and Metabolic Health of Pregnant Women and Their Offspring”, invites submissions of original research, narrative reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses on etiology, mechanistic studies on the maternal diet during pregnancy and the effects of diet on the health of mothers and their children.

Dr. Sarah Glastras
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • preconceptions
  • pregnancy
  • nutrition
  • diet
  • child growth
  • infant
  • gestational weight gain
  • perinatal
  • macrosomia
  • large-for-gestational age

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 3402 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Maternal Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Minipuberty in Boys
by Karolina Kowalcze, Sofia Burgio, Johannes Ott, Giuseppe Gullo, Simona Zaami and Robert Krysiak
Nutrients 2024, 16(23), 4145; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234145 - 29 Nov 2024
Viewed by 840
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Minipuberty is thought to play an important role in the sexual maturation of infants. Maternal disorders during pregnancy were found to have an impact on the activity of the reproductive axis in the first year of life. This prospective, matched, cohort study [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Minipuberty is thought to play an important role in the sexual maturation of infants. Maternal disorders during pregnancy were found to have an impact on the activity of the reproductive axis in the first year of life. This prospective, matched, cohort study was aimed at investigating whether the course of minipuberty in boys is affected by maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: The study population consisted of three matched groups of boys: infants born to women with poorly controlled GDM, sons of women with adequately controlled GDM, and infants of healthy women with normal carbohydrate tolerance during pregnancy (control group). Salivary levels of testosterone, androstenedione, DHEA-S and estradiol, and urinary concentrations of FSH and LH were repeatedly measured over the first 12 months of life. Hormone levels were correlated with the size of genital organs (testicular volume and penile length), which were measured at each visit. Results: Compared with the remaining groups, the male offspring of women with poorly controlled GDM were characterized by higher concentrations of both gonadotropins, higher salivary testosterone levels, lower salivary DHEA-S concentrations, and longer periods of detection for LH and testosterone. Levels of gonadotropin, testosterone and DHEA-S in sons of mothers with poorly controlled GDM correlated with mean levels of glycated hemoglobin during pregnancy. Moreover, the infant boys assigned to this group were characterized by larger sizes of the testes and penis. Over the entire study period, there were no differences in hormone levels, testicular volume and penile length between sons of adequately treated women with GDM and sons of healthy women. Conclusions: The obtained results indicate that GDM, if poorly controlled, may affect the activity of the reproductive axis and postnatal growth of male genital organs in the offspring. Full article
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