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Healthy Nutrition as the Key Reference in Special Diets, Quality of Life, and Sustainability—2nd Edition

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2025 | Viewed by 3661

Special Issue Editors


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CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: food safety; food security; food innovation; natural food products; nutrition; public health
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Dear Colleagues,

Eating is related to our relationship with food in various contexts, and it is influenced by difficult choices that consider biological, social, cultural, economic, psychological, and access-to-food aspects. As a result, eating decisions go beyond basic physiological and nutritional requirements. They may occasionally be conscious, but they can also be automatic, habitual, or subconscious. As such, eating is a complicated amalgamation of ingrained habits, social norms, and acquired attitudes and feelings toward food. Despite being a long-standing international human right, not everyone has access to enough food, for example, people with low incomes, those who follow special diets, and people with dietary restrictions. Beyond all aspects, including food choices, people with dietary restrictions are also subject to constraints placed on food consumption for disease prevention or treatment. Additionally, some people choose not to eat certain foods for various reasons, including ethical, moral, religious, and environmental reasons. These people may also have trouble getting access to enough food. In addition to being appropriate for their specificities, special diets and other dietary patterns should support an individual's nutritional and energy needs. This is important for an individual's health because unbalanced diets can negatively affect metabolism, resulting in nutrient deficiencies and causing inadequate weight. When people are not properly instructed regarding food (i.e., choices and consumption) and a healthy diet, it is assumed that special diets or other dietary patterns will be inappropriate. Additionally, maintaining a balanced diet is endangered by the higher cost and poorer nutritional and sensory quality of specialty food products compared to conventional meals. In addition to these challenges, people who follow special diets may experience social issues. Individuals could have difficulty getting hold of certain foods, gaining access to specialty cuisine restaurants, and getting advice on preparing nutritious meals. All of these factors may negatively impact these people's quality of life and their access to and choice of food.

Taking these premises into account, and since the topicality of the subject remains emerging and attracts excellent demand and interest, as demonstrated in the first edition of this Special Issue (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients/special_issues/174ZQ5X30G), we decided to launch a second edition that aims to present original research articles, reviews, and short communications concerning the following: special diets; dietary restrictions; dietary patterns; gluten-free diets; dairy-free diets; sugar restriction; salt restriction; vegan diets; vegetarian diets; quality of life; and sustainability.

Dr. António Raposo
Dr. Renata Puppin Zandonadi
Prof. Dr. Raquel Braz Assunção Botelho
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • special diets
  • gluten-free diets
  • dairy-free diets
  • salt restriction
  • sugar restriction
  • vegetarianism
  • dietary restrictions
  • quality of life
  • sustainability

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 663 KiB  
Article
An Exploration of Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes Associated with Dietetic Intervention in Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa
by Cliona Brennan, Lara Felemban, Ellen McAdams, Kevin Walsh and Julian Baudinet
Nutrients 2024, 16(23), 4117; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234117 - 28 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1165
Abstract
Background: Although dietitians possess expert knowledge on the interplay between nutrition and health, their specific role in family therapy for anorexia nervosa (FT-AN) remains a topic of debate. Some of the literature indicates insufficient evidence to affirm the impact of dietetic interventions, emphasising [...] Read more.
Background: Although dietitians possess expert knowledge on the interplay between nutrition and health, their specific role in family therapy for anorexia nervosa (FT-AN) remains a topic of debate. Some of the literature indicates insufficient evidence to affirm the impact of dietetic interventions, emphasising variability in outcomes and a need for standardised research. This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of adolescents requiring dietetic intervention during FT-AN and to assess differences in clinical outcomes between those receiving dietetic support and those who did not. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Maudsley Centre for Child and Adolescent Eating Disorders in London. Patients were selected from electronic records. Inclusion criteria were ICD-10 diagnosis of AN and completion of FT-AN treatment between January 2020 and December 2022. Collected data included weight (kg and %mBMI), eating disorder symptom severity, pre-assessment anxiety (patient and parent), and details of FT-AN sessions (i.e., frequency and amount). The sample was divided into two groups: those who received dietetic input and those who did not. Statistical analyses included Mann–Whitney U tests, χ2 tests, independent t-tests, and a logistic regression to examine differences at baseline, 4–6 weeks post-assessment, and discharge. Results: The study included 92 participants (dietetic group = 33 participants; non-dietetic group = 59 participants). Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. The logistic regression showed no significant predictors for dietetic input. At 4–6 weeks, those requiring dietetic input exhibited lower %mBMI (83.3% vs. 87.3%, p = 0.027) and poorer weight gain (+2.3 kg vs. +3.1 kg, p = 0.04). By discharge, weight restoration was similar (92% vs. 93% mBMI, p = 0.64), although the dietetic group had more therapeutic treatment sessions (24 vs. 19, p = 0.04). Discussion: This study found no specific predictors for prioritising dietetic input in young people during FT-AN treatment. While those receiving dietetic support struggled with weight gain early and attended more sessions, both groups achieved similar weight outcomes by the end of treatment. Future research should focus on the timing and content of dietetic interventions, as well as perspectives from patients and caregivers, to better understand their role and impact on cognitive and emotional recovery aspects. Full article
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19 pages, 502 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Relationship Between Cooking and Food Skills and Eating Competence Among Brazilian Adults
by Maísa Lins, Eduardo Yoshio Nakano, João Rafael Queiroz Soares, Fabiana Lopes Nalon de Queiroz, Raquel Braz Assunção Botelho, António Raposo and Renata Puppin Zandonadi
Nutrients 2024, 16(23), 3980; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233980 - 21 Nov 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1432
Abstract
Background: Cooking skills (CSs) and food skills (FSs) are essential in promoting healthier eating habits. Eating competence (EC) encompasses an individual’s self-regulation, enjoyment, and positive attitude toward food, contributing to their overall well-being. However, no research has explored the relationship between CSs, FSs, [...] Read more.
Background: Cooking skills (CSs) and food skills (FSs) are essential in promoting healthier eating habits. Eating competence (EC) encompasses an individual’s self-regulation, enjoyment, and positive attitude toward food, contributing to their overall well-being. However, no research has explored the relationship between CSs, FSs, and EC, particularly within the Brazilian context. Objective: This study aimed to assess the association between EC and CFSs among Brazilian adults. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1266 Brazilian adults using two validated instruments: the Cooking and Food Skill Confidence Questionnaire (CFS) and the Brazilian version of the Satter Eating Competence Inventory (ecSI2.0™BR). Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlations were used to analyze the relationships between CSs, FSs, and EC. Results: A significant positive correlation was found between higher levels of CSs and the overall EC (r = 0.417, p < 0.001), with complex cooking tasks showing stronger associations with EC. Contextual skills within EC exhibited the highest correlation with FSs (r = 0.487). Basic tasks, such as microwaving food, showed weaker associations with EC. Conclusions: The findings suggest that enhancing cooking and food skills may support greater eating competence, promoting healthier eating behaviors. Public health programs should consider integrating cooking skill development to foster better dietary outcomes and improve individual well-being. Full article
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