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Nutrients
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Diets and Eating Patterns on Cardiovascular Risk
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Diets and Eating Patterns on Cardiovascular Risk

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 December 2024) | Viewed by 4026

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Lourdes M. Varela

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
2. Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
Interests: cardiovascular disease; high-fat diet; metabolic syndrome; olive oil; atherosclerosis; stroke; obesity; high-density lipoproteins (HDL); inflammation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diet and eating patterns play a crucial role in influencing health outcomes. Research emphasizes the importance of studying dietary patterns as a whole rather than focusing on individual food components, as they can significantly affect health through synergistic interactions. Studies have shown that adherence to healthy diet patterns such as the Mediterranean or DASH diets can lead to improved cardiovascular health by positively modifying lipid profiles, reducing obesity, and influencing the gut microbiota, potentially lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases and prolonging life.

This Special Issue welcomes research articles and reviews focused on the effects of dietary patterns, the roles of specific nutrients such as dietary lipids or proteins in the diet, and dietary interventions impacts on cardiovascular risk. Furthermore, studies that focus on brain health are also welcome, as healthy diets are also important for maintaining optimal brain function and preventing mental disorders.

Dr. Lourdes M. Varela
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dietary patterns
  • dietary lipids
  • cardiovascular risk
  • brain health
  • stroke
  • diabetes
  • inflammation
  • olive oil
  • nutrients
  • Mediterranean diet

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 1124 KiB  
Article
Association of Mediterranean Diet with Cardiovascular Risk Factors and with Metabolic Syndrome in Subjects with Long COVID: BioICOPER Study
by Nuria Suárez-Moreno, Leticia Gómez-Sánchez, Alicia Navarro-Caceres, Silvia Arroyo-Romero, Andrea Domínguez-Martín, Cristina Lugones-Sánchez, Olaya Tamayo-Morales, Susana González-Sánchez, Ana B. Castro-Rivero, Emiliano Rodríguez-Sánchez, Luis García-Ortiz, Elena Navarro-Matias and Manuel A. Gómez-Marcos
Nutrients 2025, 17(4), 656; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17040656 - 12 Feb 2025
Viewed by 1613
Abstract
Background. Long COVID has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk and chronic low-grade inflammation, raising concerns about its long-term metabolic consequences. Given that the Mediterranean diet (MD) has shown beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors and inflammation in various populations, it is important [...] Read more.
Background. Long COVID has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk and chronic low-grade inflammation, raising concerns about its long-term metabolic consequences. Given that the Mediterranean diet (MD) has shown beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors and inflammation in various populations, it is important to explore its potential impact on individuals with Long COVID. Therefore, the aim is to determine the association of the MD with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Caucasian subjects diagnosed with Long COVID. Methods. Cross-sectional study, 305 subjects diagnosed with Long COVID were included following the WHO criteria. Adherence to MD was evaluated with the MEDAS (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener) with 14 items used in Prevention with Mediterranean Diet study (PREDIMED study). The criteria considered to diagnose MetS were blood pressure, glycemia, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and waist circumference. Other CVRFs considered were tobacco consumption, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, body mass index, and baseline uric acid levels. The association between MD with CVRF and the number and components of MetS was analyzed using multiple regression models and multinomial regression. Results. The mean age was 52.75 ± 11.94 years (men 55.74 ± 12.22 and women 51.33 ± 11.57; p = 0.002), (68% women). The mean of the MEDAS questionnaire was 7.76 ± 2.37. The presented MetS were 23.6% (39.8% men and 15.9% women p < 0.001). In the multiple regression analysis, after adjusting for age and average time from acute COVID-19 infection to the date of inclusion in this study, the mean MD score showed a negative association with uric acid (β = −0.295; 95% CI: −0.496 to −0.093), BMI (β = −0.049; 95% CI: −0.096 to −0.002), the number of MetS components (β = −0.210; 95% CI: −0.410 to −0.010), and waist circumference (WC) (β = −0.021; 95% CI: −0.037 to −0.003) and a positive association with HDL cholesterol (β = −0.018; 95% CI: 0.001 to −0.037). Conclusions. The findings of this study suggest that higher Mediterranean diet scores are associated with lower levels of uric acid, fewer MetS components, smaller waist circumference, and higher HDL cholesterol levels in individuals with Long COVID. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diets and Eating Patterns on Cardiovascular Risk)
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15 pages, 1425 KiB  
Article
Association of Four Dietary Patterns and Stair Climbing with Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events: A Large Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study
by Kexin Li, Yanqiu Huang, Liao Wang, Yong Yuan, Xu Jiang, Yang Yang, Qingyun Huang and Hui Wang
Nutrients 2024, 16(21), 3576; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213576 - 22 Oct 2024
Viewed by 2025
Abstract
Background: The protective effect of a healthy diet combined with stair climbing on cardiovascular health is unclear. We aimed to assess the independent and joint associations of dietary patterns and stair climbing with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Methods: We included 117,384 participants [...] Read more.
Background: The protective effect of a healthy diet combined with stair climbing on cardiovascular health is unclear. We aimed to assess the independent and joint associations of dietary patterns and stair climbing with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Methods: We included 117,384 participants with information on dietary intake and stair climbing from the UK Biobank (UKBB). We excluded participants with MACEs at baseline and death within two years of follow-up. We used restricted cubic spline (RCS) plots describing the linear or nonlinear associations between dietary patterns (the alternate Mediterranean diet score (AMED), dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH), the healthful planted-based diet index (HPDI) and the alternate healthy eating index-2010 (AHEI-2010)) and stair climbing and MACEs. COX regressions estimated the hazard ratios (HRs) for incident MACEs associated with dietary patterns combined with stair climbing, and adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle and medical factors. Results: The UKBB documented 9408 MACEs over a median follow-up of 13.3 years. Four dietary patterns were negatively and linearly associated with MACEs (P-nonlinear > 0.05), whereas daily stair climbing was negatively and nonlinearly associated with MACEs (P-nonlinear = 0.011). All of the dietary patterns had significant multiplicative interactions with stair climbing (all p-values < 0.05). The three dietary patterns had the lowest risk ratios for MACEs in the highest tertile (T3) combined with daily stair climbing of 60–100 steps (AMED: 0.78 (0.68, 0.89), DASH: 0.80 (0.70, 0.91) and HPDI: 0.86 (0.75, 0.98)), whereas the AHEI-2010 had the lowest HRs for MACEs in the T1 combined with stair climbing of 110–150 steps (AHEI-2010: 0.81 (0.71, 0.93)). Conclusions: Maintaining healthy dietary patterns and adhering to an average of 60–100 steps of stair climbing per day at home can be effective in preventing cardiovascular health-related events. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diets and Eating Patterns on Cardiovascular Risk)
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